Direct Speech
and
Reported Speech
直接引语和间接引语
直接引语:说话人直接引用别人的原话。
间接引语:说话人用自己的话转述别人的话。
The boy said, “I can speak English.”
The boy said that he could speak English.
直接引语必须放在引号内,间接引语则不用
引号。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。
直接引语和间接引语的转化
直接引语变间接引语时,除将引语部分变成
宾语从句外,还有一下变化：
1.人称 2.时态 3. 指示代词 4. 时间状语
5. 地点状语 6. 部分动词
1.人称变化: 根据意义进行相应的变化
He said to me, “My sister will see the film.”
his sister would see the film.
He told me _____
2.时态变化
如果主句的谓语
动词是一般过去
时,直接引语变间
接引语,间接引语
的谓语动词时态
变化如下：
直接引语
一般现在时
现在进行时
现在完成时
一般过去时
过去完成时
一般将来时
can
may
must
间接引语
一般过去时
过去进行时
过去完成时
过去完成时
过去完成时
过去将来时
could
might
must/ had to
1. He said, “I usually do sports after school.”
he usually _____
He said that ____
did sports after
school.
2. Tom said to me, “We will clean our
classroom.”
they ___________
would clean their
Tom told me that ______
classroom.
3. Mary said, “I’m doing my homework.”
she __________
was doing _____
her
Mary said that _____
homework.”
4. He said, “I went to the movies.”
he had
gone to the movies.
He said that ____
________
时态不需变化的情况：
1.转述的是客观真理或叙述的状态和情况
到现在仍然是事实,从句时态不变
The teacher said, “The sun is bigger than
the earth.”
The teacher told us that the sun is bigger
than the earth.”
He said, “I’m good at swimming.”
He said that he is good at swimming.
2.直接引语是一般过去时或过去进行时，但
有明确的时间状语，变为间接引语时可仍然
用一般过去时或过去进行时。
He said , “I wrote a book in 1996.”
wrote
He said that he __________
a book in 1996.
He told me, “I was doing my homework
when my mother came back.”
was doing his
He told me that he _____________
homework when his mother came back.”
3. 时间状语变化
直接引语
now/ today
three days ago
this week/month
yesterday
tomorrow
last week/year
间接引语
then / that day
three days before
that week/month
the day before
the next/following day
the week/year before
next week/ year
the next week/ year
4.指示代词、地点状语、动词变化
直接引语 间接引语
this
that
直接引语 间接引语
go
come
these
bring
here
those
there
take
如果就在当天转述, tomorrow, yesterday,
tomorrow不变
如果在当地转述, here不必改为there
come 不必改为 go
直接引语变间接引语的句式变化
直接引语改为间接引语时,都使用陈述语序.
但是因为原句的句式不同,所以变成间接引
语时所用的连词会有所不同。
间接引语
1. 直接引语是陈述句
主句谓语动词常为: said (to sb.), told sb.
连接词：that (口语中常省略)
从句的人称、谓语动词时态、时间状语、
地点状语等做相应变化
陈述句语序不变
He told us,“I want this blue one.”
He told us (that)
____________________________.
he wanted that blue one
She said to me, “You can’t do anything now.”
She told me(that)
____________________________.
I couldn’t do anything then
2. 直接引语是疑问句
变间接引语后称为“间接疑问句”
主句谓语动词: ask, wonder, want to know.
间接疑问句语序：陈述语序.
句末用句号,动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句
相同。
间接疑问句一般有三种：
1.直接引语是一般疑问句, 变为间接引语时,
引导词:whether或if (是否)
语序：陈述句语序
句尾标点：随主句标点
He asked me, “Are you working now?”
He asked me whether /if I was working then .
Jim asked,“Has he ever worked in Shanghai?”
Jim asked whether/if he had ever worked
in Shanghai .
2.直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,
引导词:原来的疑问词
语序：陈述句语序
句尾标点：随主句标点
He asked, “Which room do you live in?”
He asked me which room I lived in .
“What do you think of the film?” She asked
her friend.
She asked her friend what she thought of
the film.
3.直接引语是选择疑问句,变间接引语时,
引导词: whether/if …or
语序：陈述句语序
句尾标点：随主句标点
Mum asked,“Is it your bike or Tom’s?”
Mum asked whether/if it was my bike
or Tom’s .
直接引语是祈使句变间接引语
主句谓语动词动词常用
tell, ask, order, beg, request, order
直接祈使句→ 带to的不定式短语
tell/ ask/ order/ beg/ request/ order
sb. (not) to do sth.
Jack said, “Please come to my house
tomorrow, Mary.”
Jack asked Mary to go to his house
the next day.
“Don’t touch anything.” He said.
He told us not to touch anything.
用所给动词的正确形式填空
would report (report) some
1. Dick said he____________
important things to us the next day.
2. First of all, you must tell me what you
were doing (do) at nine last
____________
hadnight.
sent/
3. My best friend told me hewould
_______
(send)
send
some gifts to me for my birthday.
would go
4. He didn’t tell me if Lucy ___________
(come) to see me in five days.
travels
5. The teacher told us the earth __________
(travel) round the sun.
Change the following into sentences
reported speech.
1.Tom says, “ I am going to be a
teacher.”
he ______
was going to be
Tom said ____
a teacher.
2. Amy says, “ Sally is hard-working.”
Sally _____
was hardAmy said _____
working.
3. My English teacher says, “ You are
a good student.”
My teacher told meI __
____ a good
was/am
student.
4. Jack says, “My father is a doctor.”
his father ____
Jack said ____
was a doctor.
1. Mary asked, “Could you help me cook
dinner?”
Mary asked me if I could help her cook
dinner.
2. He asked, “Why are you so late for school,
Jimmy?”
He asked Jimmy why he was so late for
school.
3. Will you tell me the answer to this question?
She asked if I would tell her the answer to
that question.
4. Where are you going for vacation, Tony?
I asked Tony where he was going for
vacation.
5. Do you remember his birthday?
She asked if I remembered her birthday.
6. “What can I do for you?” he asked me.
He asked me what he could do for me.
7. “Are you interested in English?” he said.
He asked if I was interested in English.
8. “How are you feeling now?” the doctor
asked.
The doctor asked me how I was feeling then.
9. He said, “My best friend is Tom.”
He said that his best friend is Tom.
10. “Don’t eat in the classroom!” the teacher
said to us.
The teacher told us not to eat in the
classroom.