Drawing & Painting I
Final Exam Review
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Study Guide
Vocabulary
The Elements & Principles of Design
Hands On Section
The Color Wheel
Primary, Secondary,
Intermediate or Tertiary Colors
Basic Color Schemes
 Compliments
opposite colors
Y/V R/G B/O
• Triads
form a triangle
R/Y/B G/O /V
• Analogous
3 - 5 colors next to each
other on the Color Wheel
• Warm & Cool colors
• Split Compliments
opposite colors
Y/RV/BV
• Monochromatic
tints & shades of
one color
• Tints: when white is
added to a color
• Shades are when black
is added to a color.
• Neutrals are grays
Tools
• Pencils (HB is the lightest, 4B medium, 6B
dark)
• Stump: blending tool
• Burnishing: layering white colored pencil
on top of other colors.
• Acrylic brushes (man made)
• Palette: used to mix paint on
• To create a shadow add the complementary
color.
Water Color Techniques
Water color techniques include:
• dry brush
• splatter
• graded wash
• resist
Objects in the foreground of a painting are darker than in
the background.
Mechanical gauge paper, smudge and make hard lines.
Ebony is a very dark pencil.
Shading
stipple
blending
crosshatching
Caring for Brushes
• Warm water (not hot)
• Rub bristles in the palm of your hand
• Dry and store bristles up
A palette is used to mix colors on.
A Color Wheel is the tool to select colors from.
Vocabulary
• Focal point: center of interest
• Color Wheel: a circular tool used to select color
schemes from.
• Acrylic Paint:
(plastic resin based)
• Cold Press Watercolor paper: rough, most
forgiving
• Hot Press Watercolor paper: smooth
• Hue: color
• Wash: a large area of thinly spread paint
• Wet on Wet: paint dripped into wet paint
Vocabulary
• Horizon line: Where the land and sky meet
• Vanishing Point: Where all parallel lines come
together.
• Perspective: The illusion of creating a 3D drawing
on a 2D flat surface.
• Blind Contour: not lifting pencil as you draw.
• A focal point should always be off center.
• Composition:
organization of a drawing
• Negative Space: the background or empty
area
• Positive Space: the filled space in a
drawing or painting.
• Value:
the gradations in shading.
• Gesture:
quick loose drawing.
• Critique:
defend, see possibilities
• Quality of Art: craftsmanship, creativity,
purpose
Elements & Principles of
Design…
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Color
Form (3D)
Line
Shape (2D)geometric/organic
Space
Texture
Value (Shading)
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Balance
Contrast
Emphasis
Movement
Pattern
Rhythm
Unity
Value
Shape; 2D Geometric, Organic
Form
Negative and Positive Space
Lines can show personality or
expression.
Contrast, Emphasis
Texture
Balance
• Asymmetrical
• Symmetrical
Unity
Abstract
One Point Perspective
Stippling
Movement
Pattern
Rhythm
Line, Color, Pattern,
Hands On!
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