Linking Relief with
Rehabilitation and Development
for Food Security
The European Commission’s Policies and Practices
European Commission
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Humanitarian Food Assistance Communication
CONSULTATION
Commission Consultation (ECHO, DEV, RELEX, AIDCO, RELEX, JRC)
Specific coherence with DEV’s food-security Communication
Availability, access, utilisation.
Nutrition.
Disaster Risk Reduction.
Disaster Management.
LRRD.
External Consultation (member states, other donors, partners,
research/academics)
Questionnaire (Jan ’09) and Stakeholders’ Roundtable (June ’09)
ADOPTION – March 31st 2010
COUNCIL CONCLUSIONS AGREED – May 11th 2010
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From FOOD AID to FOOD ASSISTANCE
Addressing availability, access, and utilisation of quality food.
Acknowledging the importance of other non-food dimensions (e.g. public
health, education) in determining nutritional outcomes and vulnerability.
Understanding the role of livelihoods and coping strategies.
Delivering more appropriate and effective assistance, based on
diversified responses using a variety of potential tools (eg cash,
agricultural inputs, food).
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Developmentally Sensitive Humanitarian Assistance
Appropriate, needs-based responses, based on holistic understanding of
symptoms and causes.
Centrality of livelihoods in emergencies.
Livelihood reinforcement, protection and recovery
Principle of “do no harm”.
Protecting markets
Avoiding dependency
Minimising environmental and conflict risks
Seize concurrent opportunities to benefit local farmers and promote selfreliance (but not an entry-point).
Local / regional procurement
Protect / strengthen local capacities for self-reliance and coping, and national capacities
for disaster mitigation
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Developmentally Sensitive Humanitarian Assistance
Mainstream Disaster Risk Reduction in Humanitarian Food Assistance
Disaster-risk analysis in food assistance assessments.
Short-term reinforcement of early-warning systems.
Disaster-proofing and building back better)
Consideration of Comparative Advantage
Limitations of humanitarian instruments (timeframe, predictability, national partnerships)
For chronic needs and DRR and disaster management – development actors more
appropriate.
Linking Relief with Rehabilitation and Development (LRRD)
Optimal coverage of coexisting humanitarian and development needs in contiguum and/or
continuum.
Advocacy
State responsibilities; development actors as per comparative advantage; good
governance; conducive trade policies.
Coordination
Emergency Food Security Cluster with links to global governance architecture.
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Food Security Communication
Title: ‘An EU Policy Framework to assist developing
countries in addressing food security challenges’
Adopted by Commission on 31 March 2010
(COM(2010)127
Agreed to by EU Ministers 10-11 May 2011
Comprehensive approach, addressing all four pillars of
food security
Focus on countries most-off track in reaching MDG1;
predominantly Africa; often fragile situations
Small-scale agriculture important -> invest in sustainable
and ‘ecologically efficient’ intensification
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Crisis Prevention and Management in Development
Building resilience of (rural) communities, e.g. through
Invest in productive capacities
Small-farmer oriented research & extension
Develop (flexible) safety nets
Expand use of insurance mechanisms
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Crisis Prevention and Management in Development
Enhance crisis preparedness
Improve food security information system (decision-oriented; incorporating
local information)
Build crisis management capacities
Regional integration
Reduce price volatility
Enhance food stocks & management (including at local level, through
warehouse receipts systems, and through reduction in post-harvest
losses)
Improve market functioning and transparency at national and regional
levels
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LRRD in Action
Drought Management in Kenya
EDF Drought Management Initiative
{IX EDF (EUR 17.7M) 2007/2013}
and
ECHO Drought Preparedness Programme
and Emergency Response Activities
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Background
Devastating socio-economic impact of recurrent drought
(+100M$ of losses / dry year).
Assets of communities undermined.
Political willingness from Government to address the problem.
But difficulties for preparing effective and timely response once
confronted with the crisis – hence need for ECHO and humanitarian actors.
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EC : Kenya Partnership on Drought Management
Support to a Drought Contingency Fund (DCF) managed by the
WB.
Support for improving capacities of bodies involved in policy
formulation and in drought management planning (+ awareness +
work on the relevant legislations).
Support to flexible community-based projects implemented by
humanitarian partners.
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Activities of the D.C.F
Focus on the most arid and marginalised parts of Kenya.
Rely on District Steering Groups who receive money to implement their
contingency plans.
The projects financed can include different types of investments:
Emergency livestock purchase, animal slaughter and meat distribution,
Food and cash for work programmes
Veterinary interventions
Human healtH
Water supplies
Education (keeping children at school)
Rapid response to conflict
National parks and reserves for grazing
Seed distribution
Stockpiling cereals
Supplementary feeding of livestock
Tree planting
Rapid needs assessments
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Coordination and Capacity Building
Close coordination mechanism between all drought
management institutions.
DCF funding
Support to District Steering Groups.
Support to the formulation and adoption of contingency plans and policy
documents.
ECHO funding
Grass roots capacity building to inform District Steering Committees and
Contingency Plans, and to provide additional implementation capacity.
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LRRD Continuum and Contiguum Ensured
DCF and ECHO grants for H+ projects (preparedness,
resilience, risk reduction) through locally based
humanitarian implementing agencies:
to ensure flexibility to switch between prevention, preparedness,
emergency response and recovery according to the situation.
to pilot innovative approaches that can be replicated/scaled up by
development actors once they prove their efficiency and effectiveness.
European Commission
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Humanitarian/Development Partnership Improved
ECHO funded preparedness and emergency response
for 2009 drought were closely coordinated with the
Drought Contingency Fund.
Constructive dialogue with humanitarian actors on the
use of available development instruments for continuity
and complementarity:
a) Food facility -picking up ECHO funded projects,
b) On-going discussion on the Water Facility,
c) Call for proposal for Non-State actors.
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