HYDRAULICS- FLUID POWER FOR
THE MASSES
MATTHEW R. BONO

General Information

(14.4 MB) – Matthew Bono

CLF 2900. Work and Power

CLF 2912- Uses for Work and Power
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California Agriculture Mechanics Pathway
Standards
B11.0: Students understand the principles and
applications of various engines and machinery
used in agriculture

B11.4- Know the theory and operation of mobile
hydraulic systems and power take-off systems
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION
Energy transmitted and controlled by
means of a pressurized fluid, either
liquid or gas.
Common Description
 Fluid Power
 Doing work using transmitted fluids or gasses
Work and Power
 What are Work and Power
 Work
 Using force to act on an object over a distance.
 Pushing a car up a hill
 Power
 The rate at which work is performed
 Pushing a car up a hill faster than someone else
Work and Power
 In Hydraulics
 Hydraulic systems are a way to do work and use
power to move or stop objects.
 The systems can increase, speed, power, and are
maneuverable
Common Examples of Hydraulic
Systems
 Automobile Brakes
 Heavy Machinery
 Airplanes
 Trains
Common Examples
 Automobile Brakes
Hydraulic Fluid
Pressurized by
foot pedal and
booster closes
piston, slows
rotor and
wheel
Common Examples
 Heavy Machinery
Common Examples
 Airplanes
Red Lines and
Blue Lines
control
different
surfaces using
different
systems but
same control
lever
 Planes use hydraulics to fly, land and steer
Common Examples
 Trains
 Trains stop, or not, using air brakes, which
are considered hydraulics also
Other Common Examples
 Trains
 Where else could we use hydraulic power?
 Thinks outside the box.
THEORY- PASCAL’S LAW
Principle of Transmission of Fluid-Pressure
“Where there is an increase in pressure at any
point in a confined fluid, there is an increase at
every other point in the container.“
Theory Demonstrated
Key
F1- Force 1
F2- Force 2
A1- Area 1
A2- Area 2
Blue area is fluid acting on both pistons in
the closed system
Theory Explained
Hydraulic System
typically fluid is
pumped into a confined
space in order to make
something move.
This movement can be
to turn a motor or
extend or retract a ram
or piston.
Moving either piston in
the picture would move
the other.
F1= Force 1
A1= Area 1
F2= Force 2
A2= Area 2
Theory Explained
If F1=F2 the System has
No Movement
In Real life these systems
usually involves
movement
The F1=F2 pistons are
connected by the same
fluid
If the fluid moves equally,
piston 1 moves further
but with less force due to
less surface area
F1= Force 1
A1= Area 1
F2= Force 2
A2= Area 2
Parts of a Closed System
A. Reservoir
B. Filter
C. Pump
D. Valve
E. Cylinder
F. Lines
How It
Works
1. Motor Spins Pump
2. Pump Moves fluid
a. Out of reservoir
b. Through filter
c. Through Pump
c. Into valve
3. Valve directs fluid to ram
4. Pressurized side of ram
moves
5. Fluid on other side of ram
returns to reservoir
WHAT CAN CHANGE
How to Power the System
Elbow Grease- like a automotive jack
Electric Motor
Fueled Motors
gasoline, diesel, aviation anything else
System Design
Flow Rates
Pressures
Location
Point of Action
HOW IT WORKS
HORSEPOWER, FLOW RATE AND
PRESSURE
As motor power goes up the pump has more power to move fluid
This can increase flow rate or pressure
How it works
Flow Rate
Hydraulic systems rely on
filling a given area with fluid
The more fluid you pump
into the area the faster the
implement moves
If your trying to float a
rubber boat in a swimming
pool what will do it faster a
garden hose or a fire hose
How it works
Pressure
Hydraulic systems like the
jaws of life can create
incredible amounts of
force
What shoots further,
water from a hose
spraying a cone or
spraying a jet
Advantages
 Force Multiplier –
 Automobile Brakes
 Controllable variable speed and power
 High power low weight Especially air powered
 Very Mobile Harvesting Equipment
 Possibilities Diesel Hydraulic Hybrid Delivery Trucks
 Roller Coasters
Force Multiplier – Automobile
Brakes
 The force of your foot can stop an entire car,
with help from hydraulics
Controllable Large harvesting equipment can do dozens of
things at one time all with hydraulic power
Controllable- Cotton Picker
Header
Each row of cotton
goes through the
picking zone
Each spindle moves
independently of
the others while
machine moves
through field, blows
lint into hopper and
discards waste
High power low weight
Very Mobile
 The jaws of life in the last slide are used by
hundreds of rescue outfits across the US and
are readily carried everywhere they go
Possibilities- Diesel Hydraulic
Hybrid Delivery Trucks
This truck showed a 60To 70% increase in fuel economy and reduced
emmisions by more than 40% and could reduce costs to
consumers and companies while reducing the pollution.
Hydraulic systems are in everything from aircraft to
theater performances in Las Vegas. Someone had to
design, build and maintain all these systems, why
couldn’t it be you?
CREDITS
How stuff works.com
Wikipedia.com
Youtube.com
http://thefraserdomain.typepad.com/energy/2006/07/diesel_hydrauli.ht
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