GROUP 8
Outcomes – Pre and Primary
school
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Knowledge about the physical phenomena,
reflection;
Learn to work in a group;
Be able to connect this phenomena with the real
world: understand that the students meet it in
their everyday life.
Working with reflection in Pre school
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Playing with mirrors and torches
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To make the kids interested about the subject
See their reflection in a mirror, and ask them why
they think that they can see themselves.
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4- 6 year old kids can have a lot of clever ideas
about it.
Working with reflection in Primary
school
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We give to students 2 worksheets: one on the
beginning about what the students know about
the reflection (light) and one at the end to be able
to show the students what they have learned.
Make some experiments with groups about
reflection; by help of computers and then discuss
in groups and with the rest of the class about what
happened.
Have a program on the internet that simulates
reflection.
LEARNING OUTCOMES –
Secondary school
At the end of this lesson the students should be
able to
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investigate the reflection of light by plane
mirrors, and illustrate this using ray diagrams;
demonstrate and explain the operation of a
simple periscope
Students should all be aware of light, and know
that it is necessary for us to see.
They should develop a basic understanding of
light as a form of energy and understand that it
is a wave that can be detected by our eyes.
They should learn the everyday properties of
light and some everyday applications
worksheet
To investigate the reflection of light by plane mirrors
Apparatus
Ray box, sheet of white paper, plane mirror, protractor.
What is meant by a plane mirror?
Plane mirror
Ray box
Blu-tac
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Stand the plane mirror on the sheet of white paper using blu-tac.
Shine a ray of light from the ray box at the mirror as shown.
Using a pencil, put two dots on the ray coming from the box and the ray
bouncing back from the mirror.
Draw a line on the paper along the back of the mirror.
Take away the mirror and the ray box. Draw lines through the dots to
show where the two rays of light were.
The ray of light striking the mirror from the box is called the incident ray.
The ray of light bouncing back from the mirror is called the reflected ray.
Draw a line perpendicular to the mirror line at the point where the rays
meet. This line is called the normal.
i
r
Reflected ray
Incident ray
Normal
The angle between the incident ray and the normal is called the angle
of incidence, i
The angle between the reflected ray and the normal is called the angle
of reflection, r
Measure i and r on your diagram, using a protractor.
i = ____________
 r = ___________
Repeat the investigation using different angles on incidence.
How will you change the angle of incidence?
Measure i and r each time and fill in the table.
Angle of incidence iAngle of reflection r
Write down what do you notice about i and r each time.
The students will build a
periscope
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How does my periscope work?
Light always reflects away from a mirror at the same
angle that it hits the mirror. In your periscope, light hits
the top mirror at a 45-degree angle and reflects away at
the same angle, which bounces it down to the bottom
mirror. That reflected light hits the second mirror at a 45degree angle and reflects away at the same angle, right
into your eye.
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Can I make a periscope with a really long tube?
You can make your peri- scope longer, but the longer the
tube is, the smaller the image you'll see. Periscopes in
tanks and submarines have magnifying lenses between
the mirrors to make the reflected image bigger.
What is the role of the teacher?
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In pre school the teacher has an active role. The kids are
learning by doing/ playing. The teachers needs to focus
more on just for example mirrors.
In primary school the subject had to be more scientific,
and the teacher has more of a “teaching role”. The
teacher is also a support when the students are working
with their experiments.
In secondary school the teacher has to be more
scientific, and to have more of a “teaching role”. In
secondary school the teachers can focus more on light in
general.
What is your perspective on
Science?
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Science doesn’t have to be complicated and just
for “smart people”. Kids and students can
actually touch it.
Can you use ICT – why/ why not?
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We are using ICT when the students are making
the periscope and when they are looking for the
experiments.
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We are using the ICT when the students use
programs on internet that simulates reflection.
Do you have a connection to the
surrounding society?
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The students can recognize the reflection of light
when they can see it in everyday life.
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The students will understand how periscopes are
used in submarines.
Have you considered one or more
“isms” in your activity?
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Essentialism: The subject is in focus.
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The teachers are important because they have
the knowledge.
Progressivism: The student is in focus.
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The students are working with hands on
projects.
Thank you for your attention! 