The Colonies Come
of Age
Chapter 3 Power-Point Notes
England and its Colonies Prosper
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Established colonies based on theory of
mercantilism
Concentrated on their “Balance of Trade”
England viewed the colonists’ pursuit of foreign
markets as an economic threat
1651, Parliament passed the Navigation Acts
Tensions Emerge
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Britain takes New England’s charter away
Sir Edmund Andros appointed ruler of New
England
1689, Glorious Revolution begins back in
England
Colonists launch bloodless rebellion of their
own
England Loosens the Reins
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England began policy of Salutary Neglect
Colonial Assemblies had great power and
influence over appointed governors
Colonies developing a taste for self-government
that would eventually create the conditions for
rebellion
North and South start to become 2 very distinct
regions
A Plantation Economy Arises
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Plantation system began to dominate the South
Most farms specialized in raising a single cash
crop
Charles Town was the only large port city of the
South
Planters controlled most of the economy
Commerce Grows in the North
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Farms in New England and Middle colonies
usually produced several crops
Diverse commercial economy developed
Merchants were one of the most powerful
groups in the north
Many large port cities grew
Similarities between North and
South
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Many immigrants migrated to both the South
and North
Women considered second-class citizens
Population of indentured servants declined at
the end of the 1600s.
Both began to use African slaves
Portraits of Slavery
Slavery in the North vs. Slavery in the
South
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Most saw Africans’ dark skin as a sign of
inferiority
Much higher population of slaves in the South
as compared to the north
In the South, slaves were treated like animals
In the North, slaves at least had some legal
rights
New Ideas Influence the Colonists
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The Enlightenment movement exploded in the 1700s
Ben Franklin became leading figure in the
Enlightenment
Jonathan Edwards had a different view of humanity
than Franklin
The Great Awakening grew around preachers like
Edwards
Although different, both movements caused people to
question traditional authority
The French and Indian War Begins
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British and French empires in North America
collided in 1754
George Washington’s militia attacked the fort
in May of 1754 – French and Indian War begins
Angered by French victories, King George II
chose William Pitt as one of his new leaders
September 1759, British triumph in Quebec
Officially ends with signing of Treaty of Paris in
1763
Effects of the War
Victory Brings New Problems
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1763, Pontiac led Native revolt against British
Proclamation of 1763 signed to prevent further
conflicts
British cracked down hard on Colonial
smuggling
Stationed 10,000 British troops in colonies
1764, Sugar Act enacted
These disagreements would soon swell into
outright rebellion in the colonies