Intro to Info Tech
I/O Equipment
This presentation can be viewed on line at:
Copyright 2003 by http://web.fscj.edu/Janson/cgs1060/wk06.IO.ppt
Janson Industries
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Objectives


Explain the various devices
Compare and show the
relative advantages and
disadvantages
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Input Devices


Devices that allow users to
enter instructions and data
Categories
 Those
commonly used with
computers
 Gaming
and media
 Other
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Computer Input Devices

Require a monitor

Two types
 Keyboard
 Pointing
devices
 Mouse
 Trackball
 Touch
pad
 Pointing stick
 Light pen
 Touch screen
 Pen
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Keyboards

Keys to represent A-Z and 0-9

Additional keys to:
 Change
 Alt,
function of other keys
Ctrl, Shift
 Perform
special functions in apps
 PageUp,
PageDown, Home, Delete,
Tab, Esc, F1 –F12, arrows
 Perform
OS function
 Delete,
Windows (shows Start menu),
Short Cut Menu key (next to right Ctrl)
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Keyboards

Higher end keyboards will have
keys:
 That
perform browser functions
 Start applications
 Media controls (forward, back, pause,
etc.)
 And ergonomic features:
 Palm
rest
 Split keyboard
 Keys not in a straight line
 Some

have built in scanners
S
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Mouse

Use to be:
 Connected
by a wire to SU
 Left button, right button, scroll wheel
 Had a little trackball on bottom

Getting crazy complicated. Now can
have
 Side
buttons
 Small keyboard
 Thumb buttons
 Instead of track ball and wire:
 Laser
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or Optical sensors
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Other Pointing Devices

Trackball
 May

also have some buttons
Touch pad
 Flat
area that can sense
pressure

Pointing stick
 Looks
like a pencil eraser stuck in
the middle of the keyboard

Light pen - like a little flashlight
 Monitor
 Duck
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senses where light is
Hunt
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Other Pointing Devices

Touch screens react to human touch
 Heat
sensitive
 Pressure sensitive
 Laser grid
 Electric sensitive

Pen input
 Flat
area/screen/paper that can sense
and record the pen movement
 Alternative: pressure sensitive pen that
records movement
 Then
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download from pen to computer
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Gaming and Media

Lots of specialty devices
– two handed device, with
buttons, wheels, sticks. Talks to console.
 Gamepad
 Joystick
– stick with buttons on base
wheel – may have buttons and a
footpad with pedals
 Steering
guns – fancy flashlight or a motion
sensing device
 Light
pad – flat device (can be hard or
pliable) that senses pressure
 Dance
 Motion
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sensing device – like a Wii remote
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Other Input Devices

Audio Input Devices (require a sound
card)
 Microphone
 For
voice input, need voice recognition
s/w
 MIDI
(musical instrument digital
interface) devices
 Electronic
piano
 Electric guitar

Other computers
 PDAs,
Smart Phones, etc.
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Other Input Devices

Graphic Input Devices
 Digital
Camera
 Can
store a small amount
 Can
use memory cards
 Video
Cameras
 Can
be used to do VOIP, video
conferencing, as a web cam, etc.
 Need
extra s/w to do these things
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Other Input Devices

Scanners/readers
scanners – convert anything
scanned into an image
 Optical readers:
 Optical
 OCR
(Optical Character Recognition)
• Recognizes numbers and letters
 OMR
(Optical Mark Recognition)
• Like a Scantron machine
 Bar
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Code readers, lots of kinds
MaxiCode
Datamatrix
QR
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Bar Codes

Standard is one dimensional
Lots
of different standards
 Code

MaxiCode (created by UPS)
93

chars max
Data Matrix
2335

39, code 93, code 128
alphanumeric chars
QR (Quick Response) can store
7,089
numeric chars
4,296 alphanumeric chars
2,953 bytes
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Bar Codes


Originally created to contain
product/tracking info
Being used to store much more info

 URLs,
phone numbers
 User
scans the QR Code with phone
 The phone's browser is launched
and goes to the URL
 The phone dials the number
 QR
reader app in Android OS
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Other Input Devices

Scanners/readers
 RFID
(Radio Frequency IDentification)
 Very
hot technology
 Magnetic
Stripe Card readers
A
device that swipes a credit card-like
object
 MICR
(Magnetic Ink Character
Reader)
 What
industry uses this?
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Other Input Devices

Biometric Devices
 Use
other input devices (scanners,
microphones, etc.) and extra s/w to
detect physiological characteristics
 Retinal
scanner
 Iris scanner
 Fingerprint scanner
 Face recognition
 Voice recognition
 Signature verification
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Output Devices


Devices that allow users to
receive output
Categories of Devices
 Displays
 Printers
 Other
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Output Devices

Types of output
 Text
 Graphics
 Audio
 Video

One of the ways to compare output
devices is by the types of output
they support
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Displays

TV like viewing screen that can
display text, graphics and video
 Most
allow control over brightness,
contrast, etc.


Monitor – a separate device that
connects to the system unit
Compared by their:
 Screen
size, resolution, response time
(aka refresh rate), brightness, contrast
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ratio
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Monitors

Most are:
15-23
inches diagonally
 Laptops
8-20
 PDAs 3-4
Desktop
publishing systems will
have monitors 30-40 inches
Beware
of monitor vs. viewable size
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Monitors

Resolution measured in Pixels
and lines
Expressed
as the number of
pixels per line by the number of
lines from the top to bottom of
the screen
Eg.

1280X1024
What's a Pixel?
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Monitors

Dot pitch
 Distance

between pixels
Contrast Ratio
 Range
of color intensity
 Compares
the screens brightest white
to it's darkest black
 Higher
the contrast, better the color
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Monitors

Lots of different types of monitors
LCD
(liquid crystal display) aka flat
screen
Built for a specific resolution
 Bigger
the screen, higher the
resolution
• 17 in usually 1280X1024
• 20 in usually 1600X1200
Response
(time to change a
pixel/bit) is 5 to 16 millisecs
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Monitors
Brightness
measured in nits
 Nit
= 1 candle per square meter
 Candle = 1/60 of the luminous
intensity per square centimeter of a
black body radiating at the
temperature of 2,046 degrees Kelvin
 All
you have to know is "more nits =
brighter picture"
Dot
pitch should be < .28 mm
Static
contrast ratios range from
500:1 to 2000:1
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Monitors
Plasma
 Not
as common as LCDs (for
computers)
 Uses
a gas instead of liquid
 Heavier
than LCD
 Larger
screen sizes than LCDs
 Richer
colors
 More
expensive
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Monitors
CRT
(Cathode Ray Tube)
 Cheaper
than LCDs
 Use more electricity than LCDs
Resolution
 Range
Dot
can be changed by OS
from 2048X1536 to 1280X1024
pitch should be < .27
Refresh
rate
 How
many times per sec image is changed
 68 Hz means 68 times per sec
 Larger the number, less flicker
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Printers

Produces text and graphics on
some medium
 Paper,

transparency, film
Some have a camera dock or a
memory card slot
 Images

don't have to be transferred
Lots of different types
 Can
be categorized as Impact or Nonimpact
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Impact Printers

Component strikes the medium
 Well

really the ink ribbon
Don't see many anymore
 Line
printers had solid font text
 Typewriter
like keys
 A daisywheel
 A selectric ball
 Dot
matrix
 Used
for printing on tractor feed paper
• Auto repair shops, bank tellers
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Non-impact Printers

Spray, attract ink or burn

Compared by the
 Medium
sizes accommodated
 8.5X11.5, 3X5, 4X6
 Print resolution
 DPI (dots per inch)
 Speed
 PPM (page per minute)
 Usually different PPM for color vs.
B&W printing
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Non-impact Printers

Ink Jet print head has two
cartridges and little nozzles
 Relatively
 Ink's
cheap (<$100)
expensive!
 Supports
many paper sizes
 1200-4800
6
dpi
to 33 ppm
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Non-impact Printers

Laser
 More
expensive ($200 - $100,000)
 Uses
powdered ink called toner
 Supports
many paper sizes
 1200-2400
 Faster
dpi
than ink jet
 For
home 8 to 35 ppm
 Business 150 ppm
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Non-impact Printers

Photo Printer
 High
quality
 Wide
range of sizes
 More
expensive
 May
let you edit picture
 Often,
can print without a
computer connection
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Non-impact Printers

Thermal
 Burns
 Wide
special paper
range of capability
– poor quality, like gas receipt
 High end – good quality
 Cheapos

Plotters
 Good

for diagrams, charts
Large format printers
 Blueprints,
signs, posters
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Other Output Devices

For sound:




Speakers
Headphones
Ear buds
Voice output uses speakers and
special s/w

The number you have dialed 8-1-24-6-6-2
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Other Output Devices

Fax


Fax modem allows computer to
send faxes
S/W need to convert computer files
to faxes
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Other Output Devices

Projector



Displays anything on the computer
screen
Large devices like in the classroom
But there are small portable ones
too

Not as good resolution
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What do you need?


How do you decide what to
buy?
What do you want to do with
the computer?

This dictates application s/w

Application s/w dictates h/w:

Peripherals
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Points to Remember


Input and output devices called
peripheral devices
Connect to the system unit either with
a cable or wirelessly
 Infrared
requires line of sight
 Radio (e.g. Bluetooth)

Enable users to enter instructions and
data and receive output
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