The ecar Ireland Project
Smart Grid Technology Watch Event
September 18th 2014
John Whelan, ESB ecars
Agenda
• The ecar Ireland Project – Conception
• Electric Vehicles in Ireland
• Charge Point Infrastructure
• Charge Point Management System
• Grid Impacts
www.esb.ie/ecars
2
Agenda
• The ecar Ireland Project – Conception
• Electric Vehicles in Ireland
• Charge Point Infrastructure
• Charge Point Management System
• Grid Impacts
www.esb.ie/ecars
3
Ecar Ireland Program
•
•
•
•
Government targets 2020
- 10% of all vehicles electric
- 10% of all road energy transport
will be renewable
Early supply of electric cars
- MOU signed with Mitsubishi,
Renault-Nissan and Toyota
Government incentives
- €5000 grant
- Zero VRT
- Lowest road tax band
- Accelerated Capital Allowance
(Businesses)
- Government taskforce to deliver
other incentives
ESB is rolling out the infrastructure
www.esb.ie/ecars
4
Ireland as a Test Bed for Electric Vehicles
• Large wind penetration
• Limited range between
cities
• Type of homes
• Good climate for
batteries
• Single network company
www.esb.ie/ecars
5
CO2 Emissions
Internal Combustion Engine
End of chain emissions
2010
150 g/km
2015
130 g/km
Electricity Generation
COAL
130 g/km
GAS
50 g/km
WIND
0 g/km
www.esb.ie/ecars
6
Agenda
• The ecar Ireland Project – Conception
• Electric Vehicles in Ireland
• Charge Point Infrastructure
• Charge Point Management System
• Grid Impacts
www.esb.ie/ecars
7
Electric Vehicles in ESB’s Fleet
Old Electric Vehicles from 1950 - 1970
Current Electric Vehicles – Allied Peugeot / Micro-vett Fiat Fiorino / Smiths Edison
www.esb.ie/ecars
8
Electric Vehicles Available in Ireland
Mitsubishi iMiEV
Nissan Leaf
Mitsubishi Outlander
Renault Kangoo
Renault Zoe
BMW i3
www.esb.ie/ecars
9
Other Electric Vehicles in Ireland
Smiths Newton (Celtic Linen)
Smiths Newton (Grange Builders Providers)
Smiths Newton (OPW)
www.esb.ie/ecars
10
All Major Car Manufacturers Have EV Programs
www.esb.ie/ecars
11
EV Components
Battery Pack
Inverter
Charger + DC-DC Converter
AC Motor
www.esb.ie/ecars
12
Agenda
• The ecar Ireland Project – Conception
• Electric Vehicles in Ireland
• Charge Point Infrastructure
• Charge Point Management System
• Grid Impacts
www.esb.ie/ecars
13
Charging Infrastructure
HOME / WORK
6 – 8 hours
PUBLIC
1 – 2 hours
FAST
80% in 20 minutes
www.esb.ie/ecars
14
Home Charge Points
First 2000 installed for free
16/32 amps, single-phase
Fed from customer distribution board
www.esb.ie/ecars
15
Public AC Charge Points
22kW double socket (three-phase 32 amps)
RFID card reader
GPRS communications with back office
Internal MID metering
www.esb.ie/ecars
16
Fast Charge Points
DC – CHAdeMO 50kW
DC/AC – CCS 50kW
Fast AC – 44kW
www.esb.ie/ecars
17
Ireland’s Current Charge Point Network
851 – Domestic and
Commercial Charge Points
805 – AC Public Charge Points
61 – Fast Charge Points
1717 - Total
www.esb.ie/ecars
18
Agenda
• The ecar Ireland Project – Conception
• Electric Vehicles in Ireland
• Charge Point Infrastructure
• Charge Point Management System
• Grid Impacts
www.esb.ie/ecars
19
Back Office
www.esb.ie/ecars
20
Agenda
• The ecar Ireland Project – Conception
• Electric Vehicles in Ireland
• Charge Point Infrastructure
• Charge Point Management System
• Grid Impacts
www.esb.ie/ecars
21
Power Quality Measurements
www.esb.ie/ecars
22
Charging Profiles (Slow AC) – Nissan Leaf
Voltage Harmonics Profile
20
2
16
1.8
Voltage THD (%)
Current (A)
Current Profile
12
8
4
0
10:30
11:56
13:22
14:49
16:15
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
10:30
17:42
11:56
13:22
Time
0.98
12
Current THD (%)
16
0.96
0.94
0.92
13:22
14:49
Time
17:42
16:15
17:42
Current Harmonics Profile
1
11:56
16:15
Time
Power Factor Profile
0.9
10:30
14:49
16:15
17:42
8
4
0
-4
10:30
11:56
13:22
14:49
Time
www.esb.ie/ecars
23
Charging Profiles (Fast DC) – Nissan Leaf – DBT FCP
Current Profile
Power Factor Profile
70
1
0.8
50
Power Factor
Current (A)
60
40
30
20
10
0
15:12
0.6
0.4
0.2
15:23
15:35
Time
I1
15:46
15:58
0
15:12
I2
15:46
15:58
Reactive Power Profile
30
0
25
20
15
10
5
15:23
15:35
Time
I1
I2
15:46
15:58
Reactive Power (Var)
Current THD (%)
15:35
Time
I3
Current Harmonics Profile
0
15:12
15:23
-5000
-10000
15:12
15:23
15:35
Time
15:46
15:58
I3
www.esb.ie/ecars
24
Macro Level Grid Impacts
www.esb.ie/ecars
25
Thank You