THE EU DEVELOPMENT
COOPERATION POLICY
Presentation by
Marika Lerch, European Parliament
Alpeuregio Summer School, 6 July 2011
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OUTLINE
• Setting the scene
• Legal basis and international
Framework
• Aid instruments: EDF and EU
Budget
• Who does what: institutional set up
• Challenges
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SETTING THE SCENE
• There are 925 million undernourished
people in the world today.
• More than 350,000 women die annually
from complications during pregnancy or
childbirth. 99 per cent of these in developing
countries.
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• Europe is the biggest donor in the world: 54
billion Euro in 2010 (58% of all ODA)
• EU level aid: 15 billion Euro in 2010
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Legal Basis I
Lisbon Treaty
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Art. 21 TEU: General provisions on Union’s
external action – objectives, consistency
Art. 4 TFEU: Shared competence
Art. 208 TFEU: Objectives and principles
Art. 209 TFEU: Ordinary legislative procedure
Art. 210 TFEU: Coordination
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Art. 214 TFEU: Humanitarian Aid
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LEGAL BASIS II
Objectives and principles
• Poverty reduction and alleviation as
overarching objective
• International commitments and
objectives to be taken into account
• Policy Coherence for Development
(PCD)
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INTERNATIONAL
FRAMEWORK
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Millennium Development Goals: eight
measurable goals for 2015
Financing for Development: 0.7 % of
GNI for ODA by 2015;
Aid Effectiveness agenda: Paris
Declaration 2005, Accra Agenda for
Action 2008, High Level Meeting
Busan 2011
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EU CONSENSUS ON
DEVELOPMENT
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Joint Declaration of 2005: EP, Council, Member
States and Commission
Common vision, objectives, values and principles
Objectives: poverty reduction; Millennium
Development Goals; priority for Least Developed
Countries (LDCs)
Values: human rights, democracy, multilateralism
Principles: Partnership and ownership,
participation of civil society, gender equality
Commitment to aid effectiveness and policy
coherence
“Comparative advantage” of European Union aid
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AID INSTRUMENTS
Colonial history  dual structure
• European Development Fund (EDF): Development
cooperation with African, Caribbean and Pacific
Countries (ACP countries)
• EU Budget: Cooperation with other developing
countries
- Development Cooperation Instruments (DCI): Asia
and Latin America; thematic cooperation
- European Neighbourhood Instrument (ENPI):
Mediterranean Countries and Eastern Europe
- other thematic instruments (Food Facility etc.)
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COOPERATION WITH ACP
COUNTRIES I
• 1957 Treaty of Rome: Solidarity with colonies and
overseas territories of founding Member States
• Creation of European Development Fund
• After decolonisation: Partnership agreements with
former colonies covering aid and trade
• First agreement: “Yaoundé Convention” of 1963 with
18 former colonies
• 1970s: extension to British ex-colonies and other
African countries
• Creation of the “ACP group” in 1975
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COOPERATION WITH
ACP COUNTRIES II
• 2000 - 2020: Cotonou IV agreement with 78 ACP
countries
• Development cooperation, trade, political dialogue
etc.
• Multilateral basis
• Partnership institutions (ACP-EU Parliamentary
Assembly, Council of Ministers)
• Aid financed through the European Development
Fund (EDF)
• EDF outside EU budget: 22.7 billion Euro for 20082013
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COOPERATION WITH
OTHER COUNTRIES
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Legal basis: EU regulations
Unilateral basis – no joint institutions
Financed through the EU Budget
Development Cooperation Instrument
(DCI):17 billion Euro for 2007-2013
• European Neighbourhood Instrument
(ENPI):11 billion Euro for 2007-2013
• DCI: strict ODA criteria
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WHO DOES WHAT:
INSTITUTIONAL SET-UP
For the DCI and ENPI:
• Legislation: ordinary legislative procedure
• Budget: Regular budgetary procedure
• Programming (Country and Thematic
Strategy Papers and Indicative
Programmes): Commission and EEAS
• Scrutiny by Member States and EP
• Implementation: Commission
• Control and discharge: European
Parliament
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WHO DOES WHAT: INSTITUTIONAL
SET-UP II
For the European Development Fund:
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Cotonou Agreement: Council mandate;
Commission negotiates; Member States and ACP
countries ratify; EP gives assent
EDF: Member States’ Agreement
Programming (Country Strategy Papers and
Indicative Programmes): Commission, EEAS and
ACP countries
Scrutiny by Member States and ACP-EU Joint
Parliamentary Assembly
Implementation: Commission
Control and discharge: European Parliament
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PARTNERS IN EU DEVELOPMENT
COOPERATION
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Partner governments and parliaments
(“ownership”)
Civil society and non-state actors
Local authorities
International organisations: UN, World
Bank etc.
Regional organisations
Private sector
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Political Challenges
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Funding: Multiannual Financial
Framework 2014-2020
Differentiation
Policy Coherence for Development
Climate Change
Promoting human rights
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THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR
ATTENTION
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