27th February, 2013
MICC, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
Contents
1. Basic Principles and Objectives
2. Foreign Trade Relations
3. Trade Patterns and Direction of Trade
4. Export and Import Policies
5. Trade Facilitation Activities
6. Foreign Trade of Myanmar
7. Myanmar-USA Bilateral Trade
8. Needs
1. Basic Principle of Trade
- Trade activities should be aimed at the
interest of the State and the people
- Trade activities should not be a burden to
the people
- Trade activities should be aimed at
structuring a long- term viable trading
system rather than to gain short-term
profit
Objectives of General Trade Policy
- To
implement trade policies systematically for
proper evolution of the market-oriented
economic system
- To promote the export of various domestic
products for export promotion
- To carry out the promotion of trade not only
through overseas trade but also cross border
trade
Objectives of Foreign Trade Policy
- To
increase trade volume
- To encourage private sector development in
accordance with the market- oriented economic system
- To expand market shares for Myanmar products in the
world markets through collaboration with international
organizations
- To provide support and necessary assistance for trade
facilitation
2. Foreign Trade Relations of Myanmar
- Member
of WTO
- Member of ASEAN, BIMSTEC, GMS, ACMECS
- Bilateral trade agreements with Bangladesh, China
(PRC), India, Korea (ROK), Lao PDR, Malaysia,
Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam.
3. Trade Patterns
-Myanmar
is mainly an exporter of agricultural and
primary products
-main export items are agricultural products, fishery
products, forest products, metals & minerals inclusive of
natural gas, precious stones & pearls and some
industrial products
-major import items are capital goods, industrial raw
materials, spare parts and consumer goods.
Direction of Trade
Currently, Myanmar Foreign Trade is mainly with
Asian countries of China (PRC), Thailand,
Singapore, India, Japan, Korea (ROK), Indonesia,
Malaysia and Hong Kong.
4. Export Policy of Myanmar
To extend and explore the foreign markets by utilizing
the natural and human resources effectively and
efficiently and also to promote the export of traditional
and value- added products.
Import Policy of Myanmar
To allow to import the commodity given priority as
capital goods required by the State, raw materials for
production, other important essential goods and
the goods which support to the public health and
export promotion.
5. Trade Facilitation activities
-After taking over the State power by new government in April, 2011, new government is
carrying out a lot of reformed measures in all sectors including trade sector.
-Since trade facilitation is the important feature for smooth flow of international trade,
new government has made liberalization activities in order to facilitate the trade
matters.
Those activities included:
(i)Some important commodities such as fuel oil, edible palm oil are allowed to
import, which were restricted to import by private sector previously.
(ii)motor vehicles are also allowed to import to any citizen of Myanmar and private
company to use for individual and business purpose respectively.
(iii)Some important agricultural products of edible oil, edible oil seeds, onion and rice
are also allowed to export to private sector, which were prohibited to export
in the past.
(iv)Commercial tax on proceed of export earnings were abolished.
(v) export/import licenses are issued at both Yangon and Nay Pyi Taw offices rather
than issued at Nay Pyi Taw office only .
(vi)Reduce required documents which are necessary to attach with application for
licenses.
6. Foreign Trade of Myanmar
(From 2009-2010 to 2011-2012)
A/U - US $ Million
Sr. Fiscal Year
No.
1. 2009-2010
Export
Import
7586.94
4181.40
Volume of
Balance of
Trade
Trade
11768.34 (+) 3405.54
2.
2010-2011
8861.01
6412.73
15273.74 (+) 2448.27
3.
2011-2012
9135.60
9035.06
18170.66 (+) 100.54
Myanmar’s Foreign Trade by Commodity
(From 2009-2010 to 2011-2012)
A/U - US $ Million
Sr.
No.
1.
Description
7586.94
8861.01
9135.60
(a) Agricultural Products
1678.36
1800.39
2372.98
(b) Animal Products
24.15
93.77
92.90
(c) Marine Products
466.90
498.61
705.93
(d) Mineral Products
1017.75
2274.07
897.06
561.52
644.70
643.85
3238.90
2907.95
4007.81
599.54
641.51
415.08
Import
4181.40
6412.73
9035.06
(a)Capital Goods
1530.53
2480.68
3843.31
(b) Industrial Raw Materials
1635.98
2628.97
3451.05
(c) Consumer Goods
1014.89
1303.08
1740.70
11768.34
15273.74
18170.67
(f) Manufacture Goods
(inclusive of natural gas)
(g) Others
3.
FY 2011-2012
Export
(e) Forest Products
2.
FY 2009-2010 FY 2010-2011
Total
Remarks
7. Myanmar - USA Bilateral Trade
(From 2009-2010 to 2011-2012)
A/U - US $ Million
Sr.
No.
Fiscal Year
Export
Import
Volume of
Trade
Balance of
Trade
1.
2009-2010
2.562
18.503
21.065
(-) 15.941
2.
2010-2011
2.207
59.474
61.681
(-) 57.267
3.
2011-2012
29.447
263.624
293.071
(-) 234.177
Myanmar – USA Bilateral Trade by Commodity
(From 2010-2011 to 2011-2012)
A/U - US $ Million
Sr.
No.
1.
2.
Description
Export
2.207
29.447
(a) Agricultural Products
0.033
0.181
(b) Animal Products
-
0.012
(c) Marine Products
0.421
5.534
(d) Mineral Products
-
-
(e) Forest Products
-
0.061
(f) Manufacture Goods
1.239
8.211
(g) Others
0.514
15.448
Import
59.474
263.624
(a)Capital Goods
31.536
137.623
7.677
109.399
(c) Consumer Goods
20.261
16.602
Total
61.681
293.071
(b) Industrial Raw Materials
3.
FY 2010-2011 FY 2011-2012 Remarks
Some Top Items of Myanmar Products exported to USA
( From 2010-2011 to 2011-2012)
A/U - US $ Million
Sr. Commodity
No.
FY 2010-2011
FY 2011-2012 Remarks
1.
Garment
1.239
8.211
2.
Prawn
0.055
0.247
3.
Black Matpe
-
0.083
4.
Toor Whole
5.
Green Mung Beans
6.
Plywood
7.
Fish
0.010
0.033
0.087
-
0.056
0.366
5.287
Some Top Items of imported products from USA to Myanmar
(From 2010-2011 to 2011-2012)
A/U – US $ Million
Sr. Commodity
FY 2010-2011 FY 2011-2012 Remarks
No.
1. Motor Vehicles &
3.057
6.641
Spare parts
2. Pharmaceutical
2.766
3.822
3.
4.
5.
6
7
8
9
Wheat Seed
Electrical
Equipments
Steel & Steel
Products
Plastic
Raw
Materials
Aero-plane
&
Spare parts
Machine
&
Machinery
Ship & Accessory
2.031
1.235
7.658
4.771
0.797
92.726
0.675
1.491
0.656
22.248
22.608
-
-
79.082
8. Needs
Myanmar is making continuous reformed measures and trying to build a
modernized and advanced democratic countries in the future.
To enable to support it, we do hope to receive all kinds of assistances from
western countries which have relaxed the sanctions and also from other
developed countries, interested nations and international organizations. We
really need all kinds of assistances in all possible ways such as financial
assistance (aid, grants, loans), technology know how and technical assistance
& capacity building activities so as to build up all round development of the
country.
Thank you for your kind attention!