Culture and Organizational Life
National values and organizational
practices
Differences in HRM among 5 clusters
of countries
How cultural values shape the conduct
of HRM
• attitudes held about, and definitions of, what makes an effective
manager, and their implications for the qualities recruited, trained
and developed
• the giving of face-to-face feedback, levels of power distance and
uncertainty avoidance, and their implications for recruitment
interview, communication, negotiation and participation processes
• expectations of the manager—subordinate relationship, and their
implications for performance management and motivational
processes
• differential concepts of distributive justice. socially healthy pay and
the individualization of rewards, and their implications for the
design of pay systems
• the mindsets used to think about organizational structuring or
strategic dynamics.
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Emotional Intelligence (EI)
– Self-awareness
– Self-management
– Self-motivation
– Empathy
– Social skills
Research Findings
– High EI scores, not high IQ scores, characterize high performers.
Cultural Intelligence
• Cultural Intelligence (CQ) is the ability to cope
with national, corporate and vocational
cultures as described by Christopher Earley
and Elaine Mosakowski in HBR of October
2004. CQ is the ability to understand
unfamiliar contexts, and then to adjust. They
describe three sources of Cultural Intelligence.
Cultural Intelligence
Metacognitive
(MC)
Strategies for Awareness, Planning & Checking
Cognitive
(COG)
Cultural Knowledge Domains
Motivation
(MOT)
Intrinsic Desire & Interests
Behavior
(BEH)
Verbal & Non-verbal Actions
CQ-Strategy
Metacognitive (MC)
• Making sense of multi-cultural experiences
• How people make sense of new cultural
settings include:
– Planning before an encounter
– Checking assumptions during an encounter
– Revising mental maps when necessary
CQ-Knowledge
Cognitive (COG)
• Knowledge of cultures and cultural values,
beliefs and how
these values are reflected in history,
customs, political,
economic, and social aspects of different
cultures
CQ-Motivation
Motivation (MOT)
• An interest to engage in cross-cultural
interactions, new cultural settings
• Confidence to function well in cross-cultural
settings
CQ-Behavior
Behavior(BEH)
• Ability and flexibility to adapt verbal and nonverbal behaviors appropriately in new cultures
• Verbal: tone, pronunciation, etc.
• Non-verbal: gestures, facial expressions,
dressing, etc.