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THE ART AND TECHNIQUES OF
PHOTOGRAPY
By Karolina Czerwinska
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Photo Angles
Eye Level
The camera is in a straight angle
with the subject of the photo
opposite it.
High Angle
Shows the subject from above. This
gives the subject a weak or
insignificant appearance.
Low Angle
Shows the subject from below. This
gives the subject a powerful appeal.
Bird’s Eye
This view is shot directly above the
subject to create a dramatic photo.
Slanted
When the camera is tilted to create
a dramatic effect.
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CAMERA SHOTS
Extremely Wide Shot- The subject is not visible in
the photo because the photo is shot at such a great
distance. The photo is mostly focused on the
surrounding environment.
Close Up- The focus of the photo is on specific part
of the subject.
Over the Shoulder Shot- Shows the subject from
behind another person’s shoulder.
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Noddy Shot- A shot of some one reacting to the
subject being interviewed.
Wide Shot- A photo where the entire subject can be
viewed and takes up the whole frame.
Weather Shot- A shot where the weather is the
subject
Two Shot- A photo of two people.
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The Rule of Thirds is a strategies many photographers use in there
photos. The photo is divided into nine separate equal; section and the
photography uses this to frame the photo in an organized fashion.
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Different Types
of Photography
One Type of
photography is
commercial. This
kind of photos show
products and
advertise. An
example is shown
above. The ice and
lemons are used to
make the soda
more appealing.
Satellite is another
form of photography
that is often uses
today. Theses are
photos that are taken
outside of the Earth’s
orbit. These photos
can be used to
determine weather
patterns. An example
is shown below.
Black and white
photographs are
personally my
favorite. They
enhance details and
shapes. This type of
photography can
also make photos
seem dramatic. An
example is shown
above.
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The Six Components
OF A CAMERA
Body- A compartment where the
film is placed.
Lens- A transparent glass that
focuses the light on the subject.
Aperture- Controls the amount of
light reaching the subject
Shutter- Controls how long the
light remains focused on the
subject.
Viewfinder- Also photographer
to view the photo before it is
taken.
Transport- Moves the film to the
correct position.
Single Lens Reflex: This is
the most common camera.
A major component is a
viewfinder that allow you to
view exactly what the photo
will look like.
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Twin Reflex: A camera
commonly used by
professionals. It contains
two lens. One is for the
photograph and the other
for the viewfinder.
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Viewfinder: A
very cheap
camera, where
the viewfinder
does not depict
an accurate
representation
of the photo.
This is
because the
viewfinder is
separate from
the lens.
View: A
camera where
the lens and
the viewfinder
are joined
together .
Pinhole: A
camera
without a lens.
Why should you be clear
about the subject?
Focusing on the subject is
essential in creating the
perfect photograph. Having
unnecessary empty space
can make the photo look
incomplete or awkward.
However it is sometimes
acceptable to include empty
space if it adds to the effect of
the picture.
Why do you compose the
entire frame, not just the
subject?
Composing the entire frame
is important because if there
is an element of the photo in
the background that does
that match or agree with the
overall theme and
composition of the photo, it
can be very distracting.
QUESTIONS
Why use different camera angles?
Using different camera angles can have a
significant affect on the photograph. They
can make the photo more dramatic or can
fool the eyes. Different angles can make
photos outstanding.
Why should you
strive for balance?
Balance shows
harmony in photos;
this is a very
important element.
Some examples of
balance are between
colors, themes,
textures and shapes.
Why use lines when
composing your
composition?
Different lines have
different affects that make a
photo appear more
interesting. For example:
Vertical lines show height
and power. Horizontal lines
show width. Diagonal lines
dramatize and curved lines
have a calming affect.
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Questions