Translocation
Objectives:
*Define the term translocation
**Describe the translocation of applied
chemicals such as systemic pesticides
throughout the plant
*** Compare transpiration with translocation
Starter:
Name the substances carried by phloem
Keywords:
Translocation, pesticides, pests, systemic pesticides and contact pesticides
H/w Revise transpiration in plants for a test on 10/02/11
The word translocation means from place to
place.
Why is phloem is considered to be tissues for
translocation whereas xylem is not?
Leaves to Regions of growth and repair, respiring cells
Storage organs
Glucose is a simple sugar produced by sucrose
photosynthesis are converted to soluble ………..
Which is then transported to different parts of
the plant. The sucrose is then broken down by
sugars
enzyme
an …………..
to give simple ……….
That are used
respiration
starch
in …………….They are changed to ……….. For
seeds
storage in the root cortex or ………..
cellulose
They are also used to make …….. of new cell
walls at the growing shoot and root tips. They
fruits
are stored in some ………… to make them sweet
pollination
and attract animals for …………
Syrups of date palm and maple come directly from the phloem
What are pesticides?
Chemicals that are used to control pests and diseases such as fungi and insects which
reduce yield and spoil crops. Organic farmers do not use chemicals instead they use
natural predators of pests
Contact pesticides are the ones that are sprayed to kill the pests. They need to be in
contact with the pest so can be ineffective . Why?
Systemic pesticides are more effective as they are sprayed on the crop plants which
absorb them. The pesticides are translocated to various parts of the plant by …………
Any insect feeding on the plant will ingest it . Once an insect has ingested enough
pesticide it will die. Similarly fungi growing on or inside will die
Transpiration
Translocation
Source
Sink
Source
Sink
Soil
Leaves, flowers and fruits
Passive process( dependent) using a
tension in the xylem produce by
evaporation of water
Tissue
Structure
Xylem
Columns of dead empty cells
High rate on
Hot windy and dry days
Water and mineral ions
Leaves
Respiring tissues, shoot and root
tips, storage organs like root
cortex and seeds
Active process. The water enters the tubes
to build up a head of pressure that forces
the phloem sapto the sinks
Tissue
Phloem
Structure Living cells with cytoplasm
High rate on
Warm sunny days when plants are
producing more sugar
Sucrose, amino acids and fatty acids