Phases, Phase
Changes,
Chemical and
Physical Changes
Science
Fifth Grade
Mr. Pate
Standards
• S5P2. Students will explain the difference
between a physical change and a chemical
change.
• a. Investigate physical changes by
separating mixtures and manipulating
(cutting, tearing, folding) paper to
demonstrate examples of physical change.
• b. Recognize that the changes in state of
water (water vapor/steam, liquid, ice) are due
to temperature differences and are examples
of physical change.
Standards
• c. Investigate the properties of a
substance before, during, and after a
chemical reaction to find evidence of
change.
• S5P1. Students will verify that an object is
the sum of its parts
Standards
• a. Demonstrate that the mass of an object
is equal to the sum of its parts by
manipulating and measuring different
objects made of various parts.
• b. Investigate how common items have
parts that are too small to be seen without
magnification
Essential Questions
• What is a chemical change?
• What is a physical change?
• How does an object equal the
sum of its parts?
Task
• The students will use the liquid mixture in
the baggie to create a change in state.
• The students will use a banana and break
it into parts to see if the sum of the parts
equal the whole.
Circumstance
• The students will work in teacher assigned
groups to perform the experiments.
• They will use the lab sheets to record data
and answer questions.
GOAL
• To discuss the states of matter and the
terms relative to changes in state
• To distinguish between chemical and
physical changes
Phases of Matter
• Solid
• 1. Has a definite shape
• 2. Has a definite volume
Phases of Matter
• Solid
• 3. Particles are tightly
packed (can’t move or flow
well)
• 4. Low energy
Phases of Matter
• Solid
• 5. May be crystals with
repeating patterns
– Ex: salt
Phases of Matter
• Solid
• 6. Amorphous solids lose
shape/flow like slow moving
liquids
– Ex: candle wax, window glass,
tar
Phases of Matter
• Liquid
• 1. No definite shape- takes
the shape of the container
• 2. Has a definite volume
Phases of Matter
• Solid
• 3. Particles are packed
loosely and flow slowly
• 4. Average energy
Phases of Matter
• Liquid
• 5. Varying viscosities=
resistance of a liquid to flow
– Honey has a high viscosity
Phases of Matter
• Gas
• 1. No definite shape- takes
shape of container
• 2. No definite volume
Phases of Matter
• Gas
• 3. Particles are spread far
apart- fill all spaces
• 4. Contantly moving and
bumping into eachother
• 5. High energy
Phases of Matter
• Gas
• 6. Particles can be squeezed
in closer
– Bumping into eachother and walls
causes pressure
Phase Website
• Phases of matter at the molecular level
Phase Summary Chart
• Work with a partner to fill in the phase
summary chart
Phase Changes
• Phase
Changes
• Matter such as water can
change from phase to phase
by adding or taking away
heat energy
Phase Changes
• Melting
• Solid to liquid
• Must take in heat energy
• M.P of water = 0 C or 32 F
Examples of Melting
Phase Changes
• Freezing
• Liquid to solid
• Must lose heat energy
• F.P of water = 0 C or 32 F
Examples of Freezing
Phase Changes
• Evaporation • Liquid to gas
• Must gain heat energy
• B.P of water = 100 C or 212 F
Examples of Evaporation
Phase Changes
• Condensation
• Gas to liquid
• Must lose heat energy
Examples of Condensation
Phase Changes
• Sublimation • Solid skips to gas
• Must gain a lot of heat energy
• Ex:
– Freezer Frost
– Dry Ice
– Cirrus Clouds
Phase Change Website
• Click here to view a phase change
Phase
Change
Diagram
Assessment
• Determine what phase change is the
opposite of evaporation. Explain
Assessment
• What type of phase change is seen in
this picture? Explain what occurs
during this phase change
Physical and Chemical Changes
• Physical
Change
• Change in the appearance of
a substance without
changing its identity
• The atoms remain
unchanged
Physical and Chemical Changes
• Chemical
Change
• A substance changes into a
new and different substance
• The atoms are altered
• Often involves chemical rx
Ice Cream Baggie Procedure:
1. Get a 1 gallon bag from Mr. Pate
2. Put two cups of ice into the bag.
3. Put ½ cup of rock salt on the ice and mix.
4. Place the liquid mixture baggie inside the gallon bag
and seal the gallon bag.
5. Begin to gently shake and roll the bag in your hands.
Pass to another group member if your hands get too
cold.
6. Make sure that you are mixing the baggie with the
liquid thoroughly.
7. You will need to mix thoroughly for at least 15
minutes. Check the clock to make sure.
8. If you have questions, raise your hand and talk to Mr.
Pate.
Banana Procedure:
1. Using the balance and the gram stackers, find the mass
of the banana. To do this, find the mass of the paper
plate (Measure 1). Next, place the banana on the plate
and find a new measure (Measure 2).
2. Subtract measure 1 from measure 2 to find the mass of
the banana.
3. Carefully peel the banana into its edible and inedible
parts.
4. Place the edible part of the banana on the plate and find
its mass(Measure 3).
5. Subtract Measure 1 from Measure 3 to find the mass of
the edible part of the banana.
6. Place the inedible part of the banana on the plate and
find the mass (Measure 4).
7. Subtract Measure 1 from Measure 4 to find the inedible
mass.