OBJECTIVES
ID and recognize the parts of a medical term
Define commonly used parts of medical term
Analyze and understand basic medical terms
Practice pronunciation of medical terms
WARM UP
Any guesses?
Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis
BIG IDEA QUESTION
What are the major parts of a term?
VET TERMINOLOGY
• Every word has main parts
• Like a sandwich!
•
•
•
•
•
•
Parts of the “sandwich”
Prefix- bread
Root- meat
Combining Vowel – lettuce
Combining form – tomato
Suffix- bread
VET TERMS
•
Used every day
• Current Vocabulary
• Based on terms of Greek and Latin origin
• Or Eponyms: words formed from a person’s name
•
Better understanding of Latin and Greek = better
understanding of medical terminology
PREFIXES
Found at the beginning
Indicates a #, location, time, or status
Two types
Contrasting
Directional
Example: Ab- means away from
ACTIVITY
1 sheet of lined paper
Fold it in half (long like a hot dog)
Put the prefixes on one half, definition on the other
Studying graphic organizer
Perform this exercise for both types of prefixes
IS THERE A PREFIX?
Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis
ROOT WORDS
Give essential meaning to the word
Is there a root?
Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis
COMBINING VOWEL
Normally single
Usually an o
I and E also used
Added to root word to make it easier to pronounce
When 2+ root words are joined
Not used when the suffix begins with a vowel
Example:
Gastro/o + enter/o = gasteroenteritis
How many?
Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis
COMBINING FORMS
Root word + a combining vowel
Usually describes part of the body
New words are created when prefixes + combining forms and
suffixes
Examples
Panleukopenia
Pan: prefix meaning all
Leuk/o: combining forms meaning deficiency
-penia: suffix meaning deficiency
All together the word means:
Deficiency of all types of white blood cells
COMBINING FORMS?
Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis
SUFFIXES
Attached to the end of words
Modify meaning
Types:
“Pertaining to”
Surgical
Procedural
Double r
Conditional and Structural
ANALYZING MEDICAL TERMS
1. Dissect
1.Divide the word into basic components
2. Begin at the end
1.Suffix first, then prefix, then root
2.2 root words? Divide and read left -> right
3. Anatomical Order
1.How does it occur in the body?
PRACTICE TOGETHER
Ovariohysterectomy
Ovari/o/hyster/ectomy
SUFFIX: ectomy – removal
PREFIX: Ovari/o – ovary
ROOT: Hysteri/o – uterus
What’s it mean?
Complete removal of ovaries and uterus
DISSECT THE VOCABULARY
Worksheet
20 words
Dissect and define common medical terminology
LET’S REVIEW
Vocab you learned
Prefix, Suffix, Combining vowel, combining form, root word
Essential Question
What are the major parts of a term?
Think about it…
What is pronunciation important?
Coming up…
Positional Terminology
OBJECTIVES
ID body planes, positional terms, directional terms, and body
cavities
Define terms related to body cavities
ID body systems by their components
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
Why is positional terminology critical in veterinary medicine?
LEARN-OLOGY
-ology
“the study of”
Anatomy: student of body structure
Physiology: study of body functions
Pathology: study of the cause, nature and development of
abnormal conditions
Pathophysiology: study of changes in function caused by
disease
Etiology: study of disease
POSITIONAL TERMS
Important for accurately and concisely describing body
locations and relationships of structures
In/out, up/down, etc
Not specific
ACTIVITY: DIRECTIONAL DE-CODER
1 sheet of lined paper
Fold is in half (like a hotdog)
Put the directional words on one half , definition on the other
half
Table 2-1 in your book
POSITIONAL PLANES ACTIVITY
VET DENTISTRY POSITIONAL TERMS
Rising trend in vet care
Teeth surfaces are identified by the area it is near
Lingual, Palatal, Buccal, Vestibular, Occlusal, Labial, Contact
( mesial and distal)
BODY CAVITIES
Hole/hollow space that contains organs
Cranial, Spinal, Thoracic/chest, Abdominial/ peritoneal,
Pelvic
Regional Terms
Abdomen, Thorax, Groin/ inguinal
MEMBRANES: HOLD IT ALL TOGETHER
Thin layer of tissue
Cover a surface, line a cavity, divide space or organ
Membranes to remember
Peritoneum
Parietal, Visceral (Peritonitis= inflammation of the…)
Umbilicus/Navel
(belly button) umbilical chord enters the body
Mesentery
suspends the intestines in abdominal cavity
holds blood supply
POSITIONS USED IN EXAMS
Recumbent: lying down
Types:
Dorsal: on the back
Ventral (sternal): on your belly
Left Lateral: on left side
Right Lateral: on your right side
Prone: lying ventral or sternal
Supine: lying on your back
MOVEMENT
Adduction: movement toward midline
Abduction: movement away from the midline
JOINT MOVEMENT
Flexion: close joint
Extension: straightening of the joint
hyper: flex or extend too far
Supination: rotate to palm up
Pronation: palm turn down
Rotation: circular movement around an axis
ACTIVITY: PRACTICE MOVEMENTS
CELLS AND ACTIVITY
Cytology: study of cells
Draw and label your cell diagram as a review
Use your book to describe what each organelle does
GLANDS: IMPORTANT CELL TYPES
Specialized cell that secrete material used else where in the
body
Types:
Endocrine: secrete directly into the blood stream
Exocrine: secrete into the duct system
TISSUE TYPES
Epithelial: Covers in and external body structures
Types: Squamous, Cubodial, Columnar, Stratified
Mesothelium: forms the lining of serious membranes
Connective Tissue
Types
Loose, dense, cartilage
Muscle: contains cell material that can relax and contract
Types
Skeletal, smooth, cardiac
Nervous: can react to stimuli and conduct electric impulses
ACTIVITY BREAK
Use your book
On a separate sheet of paper
Represent the different types of tissue
Epithelial 4 types
Connective 4 types
Muscle 3 types
THINK ABOUT THE BIG PICTURE!
Cells make up tissues
Tissues make up structures
Structures make up organs
Organs perform functions
Functions required for survival
REVIEW
Vocab you learned
Endocrine, Exocrine, Epithelial, Connective, Nervous, Muscle,
Prone, Supine, Adduction, Abduction, Flexion, Extension
Essential Question
Why is positional terminology important in vet medicine?
ACTIVITIES FOR GRADING
Chapter Review one and two
Foldables : prefixes and table 2-1
Cell representation
Types of Tissues
Medical Terminology Dissection