The Age of Jackson

• Elected officials giving government jobs to friends and supporters
– Jackson made patronage an official policy of his administration
• Replaced previous
Presidential appointees with Jacksonian
Democrats

• Refers to loot taken from a conquered enemy
• The “loot” was jobs for party supporters
– Jackson argued that job rotation prevented a small group of wealthy, well connected people from controlling the government
• The people liked this

• A heavy tax on imports designed to boost
American manufacturing
– Greatly benefited industrial North
– But forced many in the
South to pay higher prices for manufactured goods

• The idea that states could reject federal laws they judged to be unconstitutional

• South Carolina based their nullification threats on this
– Powers the Constitution neither gives to the federal government nor denies to the states
• Each state has its own powers that cannot be taken away

• Part of a theory that because states created the federal government, they have the right to nullify its acts and even secede, or withdraw, from the Union if they wish to

• Authorized President
Jackson to give Native
Americans land in parts of the Louisiana
Purchase in exchange for land taken from them in the east

• The U.S. Army rounded up 15,000 Cherokees and took them on a 116 day march westward for about 1,000 miles to
Oklahoma Territory
– 1 out of every 4
Cherokee died of cold or disease

• 1832
• A warrior named Black hawk led a group of 1,000
Indians in an effort to retake their land
• Weakened by hunger and illness, most retreated to
Wisconsin Territory where most of them were chased down and killed

• Began in 1835
• Lasted 7 years
• Most Seminoles chased back to Florida where they hid in the
Everglades

In what ways was Andrew Jackson’s
Presidency a change from the past?
• Jackson represented voters (at least he claimed to) rather than established institutions
• He shifted power toward the states and western interests

Why did Northerners and Southerners disagree over the Tariff of 1828?
• The tariff greatly benefited the industrial
North, supporting the products manufactured there
• It forced Southerners to pay higher prices for manufactured goods

Why did South Carolina threaten to secede over the tariff issue?
• South Carolina believed that states could nullify federal laws that they judged to be unconstitutional.
• South Carolina threatened to secede if the federal government tried to enforce the tariff

Which 2 branches of the federal government came into conflict over the
Indian removal Act
• The executive branch and the judicial branch

• The Supreme Court ruled in favor of the
Cherokees, but had no power to enforce its decision
• Georgia successfully defied the Court
– With the support of
President Jackson