DR.SHAILENDRA DEOLANKAR
DIRECTOR, GOVT.PRE-IAS TRAINING
INSTITUTE AMRAVATI
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1.Can India Revive Nonalignment?
Ashley J. Tellis
YaleGlobal, 28 August 2012
2. Ashley Tellis have described, in his recent
book, Pax Indica: India and the World of the
21st Century
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NAM originated from the 1955 Asia-Africa Conference. Twentynine states participated. Mostly former African and Asian
colonies comprised them. They convened to discuss common
concerns, development plans, and international relations.
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Founded in the former Yugoslavia in 1961, NAM consists of 120
members, 17 observer countries and 10 observer
organizations, representing nearly two-thirds of the United
Nations' members, or about 55 percent of the world
population .largest grouping of countries outside of the United
Nations, NAM's membership is particularly concentrated in
developing countries.
Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first prime minister and prominent
advocate of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), delivered a
well-known speech in 1956 explaining why developing
countries should follow the non-alignment course.
"When we say our policy is one of non-alignment, obviously we
mean non-alignment with military blocs," Indian Prime Minister
Jawaharlal Nehru explained in a December 1948 speech in Sri
Lanka
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Observer ones include China, Russia, and
Brazil.
 16th Summit,Tehran-representatives of 120
countires participated
 17th NAM Summit 2015-Venezuala
 Two new members accepted-Azerbaijan
Republic and Fiji,
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Issues addressed included major power
pressures, maintaining independence, and
opposing neocolonialism, especially "western
domination,racialism,disarmamament
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 Among
other matters it played a key role in
promoting decolonisation. It promoted
peaceful resolution of international disputes,
it sought to place disarmament on the global
agenda and it emphasised the need to reduce
global economic disparities.
Some American scholars, most notably Nina
Tannenwald, have argued that it played a key
role in promoting the taboo against the use
of nuclear weapons
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NAM IS RELEVANT
great challenges in the areas of peace and security, economic
development, social progress, as well as rule of law
NAM second largest after UN and can play imp role in world
politics
21st century economic war, groups are fighting for economic
interests-threat to the economic intersts of underdeveloped
countries
Bali summit indonisia-possibility of North south conflict on
economic issues
NAM is transforming from political to economic organisationNAM
has concentrated on enviromental issues- lusaka and algiars
summits
Hegemonic and uni-polar trends
Collective global governance to cut US Hegemony
Middle Eastern Revolutions,can play role in Syria
Palestine problem not resolved
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 Conflict
Resolution
 Complete Disarmament
 Just Global order
 New forms of racialism
 Environment protection, human rights.
 Global governance and collective
management of world
 Creation of just world order
 Promotion and protection of human rights
and human security
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NAM IS IRRELEVANT
 "I've never quite understood what it is they would be nonaligned against
at this point," then-Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice sighed just after
the movement's 2006 summit, in Havana. "I mean, you know, the
movement came out of the Cold War."
 NAM representing rogue states-Anthony Lake warned in Foreign Affairs
that five "rogue states" still threatened world peace. His list was almost
identical to Reagan's: Iran, Cuba, North Korea, Libya, and instead of
Nicaragua, Iraq. All active, highly visible members in the Non-Aligned
Movement, all states that undermine the global peace that movement
was first meant to protect
 Changes in FP-alliances that will guarantee our security
 Regionalism
 Globalization
 Market Economy
 American Unilateralism
 Most of the Arab nations have maintained diplomatic relations with Isreal
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India’s strategic challenges are grave and increasing. New Delhi must
recognize that the strategic solution to the country’s predicament
Arguments in favor
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nonalignment presents an attractive option for a rising India. It promises
freedom from entangling alliances as well as the chance to advance
Indian exceptionalism against the Machiavellian imperatives of traditional
international politics.
Most importantly, it holds out the prospect that India can chart its own
path free from machinations of external actors, an understandable
objective for a country scarred by its colonial past.
non-alignment is policy of independence with emphasis on "judging each
issue on its merit" and disfavouring multi-lateral military alliances
NAM will faililitate smart choices for India.India can maximize national
power through smart choices at home and abroad
Nonalignment 2.0, which offers the vision of “allying with none” as a
grand strategy for India in the coming years.
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 This
policy doesn't reject the idea of
strategic alliances ( remember Indo- Soviet
Treaty of 1971), it only wants to enter an
alliance which it thinks is in its favour.
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Counter Arguments
 reviving nonalignment as an overarching policy is
unrealistic
 to chart an entirely independent foreign policy
 NAM ability to settle international disputes
proved to be next to non-existent some of its
founders, resorted to force
China is a rising geopolitical competitor whose
potential threat to Indian security interests
 Pakistan continues to pose dangers to India
 Can India muster the necessary resources to
cope with its strategic challenges independently?
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In the second decade of the 21st century, India is
moving increasingly beyond non-alignment to
what Ashley Tellis have described, in his recent
book, Pax Indica: India and the World of the 21st
Century, as "multi-alignment" - maintaining a
series of relationships, in different
configurations, some overlapping, some not,
with a variety of countries for different
purposes.
 India has embarked on preferential strategic
partnerships taking the form of high-quality
trading ties, robust defense cooperation and
strong diplomatic collaboration
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 NAM
should also change just like G8 has
changed to G20 etc., They should
 ask countries like China and Brazil to become
part of NAM which weren't part of NAM. That
will really strength NAM if they do
 Strengthen organizational structure
 a more structured collective leadership
 meetings should be more regular there are
 Setting up of NAM Secretariat
 To create third world currency to counter
American dollar
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