Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota
Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota
Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota
 Revitalizing
inner-city, transitional landscape
• Dichotomous population of very high and
very low income households
• Each group has very different needs and
relationships with the state
Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota
 Higher-income
household members
empowered with housing choice; lower-income
households do not share this characteristic
 High
levels of intolerance toward LULUs by new
urban population; lower-income groups more
conditioned to accept LULUs due to limited
choice and limited political
support/representation
Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota
 For
lower income households, the
language of the environmental justice
movement is one of survival
 The movement seeks protection from
injustices that may perpetrate disease or
death
Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota
 Recasting
employs two meanings:
• renewed concern about exposure to
environmental degradation in inner city space
• repopulating of activist groups seeking redress
of seeming environmental injustices
Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota
 Suggests
the discourse about potential
claims from higher-income residents
drew attention to injustices experienced
by lower-income residents, enabling a
more productive dialog about
incompatible land-use solutions
Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota
Site and event specific focus in environmental justice
literature obfuscates the historical importance and
remaining material legacy of racial discrimination in
the built landscape Pulido (1996, 2000)
 State apparatus is itself, racialized in practice Kurtz
(2009)

**
General discussion about past practices and
outcomes
 Comprehending social movements like the
environmental justice movement within the context
of the state apparatuses they are seeking to
dismantle

Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota



Historical lens shows a multiplicity of economic,
planning, and social factors
Marrying understandings of how class and race
are historically constituted in land use practice in
San Diego limits a false conclusion about the
benefits or disbenefits of enrolling activism by
new higher-income residents
Gains from their expected activism may not
weigh-out against the disadvantages of
displacement for residents in the barrio
Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota
Freeway by-pass routes
Coronado Bridge
17-percent of children in Barrio Logan
suffer from asthma compared with 7percent for the region (Lewis, 2005)
Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota
At least one industrially or commercially zoned lot exists on each of the
neighborhood’s 30 residential blocks (Florido, 2009)
Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota
129 industries with regulated hazardous
materials or wastes are located in Barrio
Logan-an area less than 1.2 square miles and
with 5,440 residents (EHC, 2004)
Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota
• A negotiated court agreement
prohibits spraying methyl
bromide on warehoused
produce
• A polluting metal plating facility
ceased operations
• A city ordinance prohibits
diesel trucks from travel on
some residential streets
Unable to obtain a ‘buffer zone’
policy to limit further
encroachment
Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota
Port District representatives request a 1,000 foot buffer
zone in adjacent east village…
Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota
Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota

“They fear most the twin 500-foot
tall residential towers planned to
be snug up against the railroad
tracks near the entrance to the
rail yard. If approved, they say, it
is inevitable that residents of
those homes will one day agitate
to turn the marine terminal and
the giant rail yard into a
hospitality-friend place, not one
of blue collar jobs…” (McClain,
2005)
Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota
 “What
will happen if San Diego’s
waterfront is transformed into a
gentrified world of expensive high-rise
condos and boutiques? Can downtown’s
new urban residents co-exist peaceably
with the Navy and the waterfront
industries that support it?” (Branscomb,
2005)
Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota
Barrio Logan Community Plan update
 Scaled
back military presence
 Port District downsizing
 Revitalization: Live, work, play planning
paradigm
 Environmental Health Coalition, active in
Barrio Logan since 1980
Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota
 State’s
regulatory apparatus is
represented in the two procedural buffer
zone requests in San Diego
A
history of discriminatory land use
practice and experience with differing
landscape contexts is represented by the
two different demographic groups
characterized in each request
Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota


Rejection of the barrio’s buffer zone
demonstrates a racialized state process
that significantly devalued the concerns
and daily life experience of barrio
residents
The port’s concern over the environmental
expectations and activism of higher-income
households demonstrates a racialized state
process that maintains a level of white
privilege
Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota
Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota
Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota
Dr. Brenda Kayzar, University of Minnesota