Chapter 22 Section 3
and 4
Surviving the Great Depression and The Election of 1932
Penny Auction
 Farmers would bid mere
pennies on land and
machines auctioned by the
banks in order to help their
struggling neighbors
How did penny auctions help farmers overcome some of
the hardships of the Great Depression?
 Neighbors would buy the
farms and equipment, then
return them to their original
owners
Twenty-first Amendment
 Repealed the 18th
Amendment (prohibition)
making it legal to produce
and consume alcohol
Why was the 21st
Amendment passed?
 It passed because many
people wanted to lift the ban
on alcohol
 Also, it return the decision of
alcohol production up to the
individual states, instead of
the federal government
Why do you think it was passed
during the Great Depression?
 To help people socialize
during tough times
 Lessen the activity of
gangsters and bootleggers
 The government could tax it
and collect the revenue
Why was there an interest among some Americans
in radical and reform movements?
 Many Americans became
interested in radical and
reform movements because
those movements promised a
fairer distribution of wealth
How did American involvement in these radical and reform movements
differ from the political movements occurring in some parts of Europe
at the same time?
 Unlike the situation in many
European nations, American
involvement in these
movements was nonviolent
and did not seriously
challenge the government
How did President Hoover hope to
end the Depression and its
hardships?
 Hoover believed that the
economy could correct itself
if Americans remained
confident
 He relied on voluntary
actions from businesses to
maintain this confidence
 He agreed to allow some
federal assistance to be used
in relief efforts
Hawley-Smoot Tariff
 The highest import tax in U.S.
history
 Designed to protect
American workers by making
foreign products more
expensive
 Forcing people to only buy
American
What was the effect of the
Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act?
 It backfired
 European nations raised their
own tariff
 Slowed down international
trade
 Made the depression Great
Reconstruction Finance
Corporation
 Gave government credit to a
number of institutions, such
as large industries, railroads,
and insurance companies
 Lent money to banks so they
could give loans
Bonus Army
 A group of WWI veterans that
wanted immediate payment of
a pension that had been
promised for 1945
 They were in D.C. to support a
bill in that senate that, if
passed, would grant them their
money
 The bill was voted down and
Hoover asked the military to
escort them out of the city
How did the Bonus Army contribute
to Hoover’s downfall?
 The military dispersed them
with tear gas and fire
 It made Hoover appear
unconcerned with the
problems of the average
American, who made up the
largest part of the voting
public
Describe Franklin Delano
Roosevelt’s appeal to the American
voter in 1932.
 He intended to bring in a new
philosophy of government,
one that would expand the
government to provide more
for the common people
From what groups did FDR receive
support in the 1932 election?
 Democrats, Republicans,
immigrants, laborers, and
urban workers
What percentage of the electoral
vote did FDR receive in 1932?
Hoover?
 FDR- 88.9%
 Hoover- 11.1%
What percentage of the popular vote did FDR
receive in the 1932 election? Hoover?
 FDR- 57.4%
 Hoover 39.7%
Which states electoral votes
did Hoover win?
 Maine
 New Hampshire
 Vermont
 Connecticut
 Pennsylvania
 Delaware