Joint IO Task Analysis
Advancing IO Force Development
The overall classification of this brief is Unclassified
Ms. Jocelyn Bundrum
JS J7 JCW
757 203-7869
Purpose
Provide a summary of the IO task analysis effort in support
of Information Operations Force Development
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Background
Task Overview
Results / Findings
Proposed Way Ahead
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Background
• 31 Aug 2010 – Joint IO Force Optimization Study (JIOFOS) documented that IO
professionals operating in joint commands are inadequately trained and
educated
• 25 January 2011 – SecDef memorandum directed CJCS to evaluate joint IO
training & education to ensure CCMD requirements are met
• March 2011 - Joint Training Integration Group for IO (JTIG-IO):
– 5 March 2011 - Documented IO community top five training priorities for FY 12 – Joint IO Planning
ranked #1
– 30 March 2011 - Identified collective/individual tasks have not been defined for joint IO
• September 2011 - OSD(P) sponsored analysis to support documenting individual
and collective tasks
“In their communication with me, Combatant Commanders continue to stress
the lack of adequately-trained IO personnel.” SecDef, 25 Jan 2011
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OVERVIEW
Task/Purpose/Objective: Document joint IO collective and individual tasks
and supporting knowledge, skills and attitudes (KSAs) in order to establish joint IO task
standards to be used for standardization and alignment of Joint IO workforce training and
education requirements
Methodology:
Population Dynamics:
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Discovery
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Documentation/Analysis
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OPLANS / CONPLANS / Org Charts / Policy /
UJTL / JMETL / Doctrine / DRRS / JLLS / JTS
49 Survey Respondents – 63% Mil, 19% Civ, 18% Contr
64 Verbal Job Interviews
9 Work Observations during CCMD Exercises
IOWG, JCMB, JTWG, CIWG, CUA, OPT, JPG, etc.
Surveys, Interviews and / or observations
Validation of captured tasks
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Initiate
IO Task
Analysis
Tasks reviewed by 9 CCMD and JIOWC
Discovery
Phase
JIOWC
AFGHANISTAN
RETURNEE
CENTCOM
SOUTHCOM
SOCOM
AFRICOM
ISAF
EUCOM
JTF HOA
Final
report
PACOM
Validation of Tasks
via JSAP
OSD(P) funded, Joint Staff J7 & J39/JIOWC managed, Scientific Research Corporation contracted
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Results
Results: Initial Joint IO Standards
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Documented 73 IO Task statements with Performance Measures (metric criteria)
– 25 Collective Tasks subordinate to UJTs - ST 5.5.1 (Coordinate Theater IO) , ST 5.5.4, (Plan Transregional or Cross-core IO Capabilities) and ST 7.1.1 (Provide OPLANS)
– 48 Individual Tasks
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Validated tasks – All CCMDs reviewed the data and concurred these were the tasks
they performed
– 189 comments - only 14 adjudicated without work beyond scope of this study
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Aligned KSA’s to task based on current references/ guidance
Recommendation:
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Align Service and joint IO training and education to CCMD requirements through:
– Continued refinement of Tasks / Standards
– Increased fidelity of measurement criteria
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Evaluate individual joint IO training
Assess organizational joint IO readiness (e.g. JTIMS, DRRS)
Provide quantitative standards for Joint Course Certification
– Analysis of training gaps
– Improved policy
– Development of a Work Force optimization strategy
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Results
Results: Joint IO Roles
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Documented 27 specific IO roles w/associated competencies
– Competencies mapped to roles, establishing the relationship between the roles performing the
tasks and competencies necessary for performance
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Observed five IO related functions (Planning, Targeting, Operations, Training, Watch
Officer)
Recommendation:
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Establish defined joint IO work roles (i.e., IO Chief, IO Planner, IO assessor, IO
targeteer, IO trainer, IO program manager (e.g. Voice) by mapping documented roles to
observed functions
– Aid in the identification of shortfalls in capability function, manpower, personnel, and training
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Refine billet/position descriptions and/or joint individual qualification task list*
Adjust policy
Influence a work force optimization strategy
*CJCSM 3500.03C JOINT TRAINING MANUAL FOR THE ARMED FORCES OF THE UNITED STATES, 15 Jan 2011
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Key Finding
Finding: Disunion between current manpower, personnel and training
policy* and practice based on respondent population**
MILDEC Only
21%
OPSEC Only
2%
• 63% of the current workforce falls under
manpower, personnel, and training (MP&T)
policy
JIOPC & MILDEC 6%
MILDEC Only
21%
• 65% of interviewees were occupationally
appropriate by MP&T policy
No Formal Training
67%
JIOPC Only
4%
• 67% of respondents listed no formal
training
• No respondents met all requirements of
the Joint IO Force for MP&T policy
• <41% of the interviewees were assigned to
eJMAPS billets requiring joint IO
education and training
• 10% of respondents were JIOPC trained
• No respondents were IO GLE graduates
* DODD 3600.01, CJCSM 1630.01
**Statistics here represent a sample size of forty-nine respondents
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Advancing IO Force Development
Way Ahead Recommendations:
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Continue refinement of Tasks / Standards
– Adjudicate CCMD comments outside the scope of the study ( refine the “As Is”)
– Further analyses (identify the “To Be”)
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Increase fidelity of measurement criteria
– Evaluate/assess effectiveness of updated training / readiness / certification
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Analysis of training gaps
– Course content mapping
– Implement Force Development training/education changes
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Improve policy
– Incorporate, as appropriate, into Doctrine & Policy (Training / Education / Force Management)
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Development of a Work Force optimization strategy
– Recommend overall training concept/COAs IOT enhance Joint IO work force development &
professionalization
Inform the IOFD Summit and support IOFD way ahead decisions/actions
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Proposed Timeline
Refine
Task List
15 Feb 13
JIOFOS
JFCOM/JS J7
IO Training
Studies
SecDef
MEMO
KSA
Final
Brief
KSA Study
Conclusion
Training
Gaps
Analysis
Improved
Measurement
Criteria
Recommend
Overall
Training
Concept
Update
Training
Requirements/
Standards*
IOFD
Summit
Apr 13
Implement
Approved
Concept
Improved
Doctrine and
Policy
Evaluate/
Assess
Updated
Training
Optimize Work Force Development
NOTES
* - AO Level Product from IOFD Summit Apr 2013
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Discussion
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Backup
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Develop Commander’s Estimate
Task
Behavior
Category
Knowledge; Performer must know how
to
Skill; Performer must Attitude; Performer must
be able to perform
be able to demonstrate a
following activities
behavior, express an
opinion or make a
decision
Collective Develop Commander’s Estimate
Who: Joint IO planners
What: Deliberate or crisis action
planning
Where: CCMD's J39 branch and OPTs
Ref: JOPES Manual Vol II, Enc C, pg C-33;
Joint Fires and Targeting Handbook, Ch I,
pg I-18, par 1; Joint IO Planning Handbook,
Ch I, Sec 1.10.1
Ref: Joint IO Planning
Handbook, Ch I, Sec
1.10.1
Provide the supported
commander with COAs
to meet planning
guidance
Understand the commander's plans to
accomplish the mission, including the
forces involved; the time phasing of
operations; the general nature and purpose
of operations to be conducted; and the
interrelated or cross-service support,
coordination, and cooperation necessary for
successful execution
Ref: JOPES Manual Vol II,
Enc C, pg C-33
Coordinate for successful
execution of the
mission
Estimate effort and resources required to
accomplish the mission
Analyze the COAs to accomplish an
assigned mission
Criticality
Difficulty
Frequency
Critical Catastrophic
6- 24 months As Required /
with the aid of Monthly
a senior
mentor
Delay Tolerance
Immediate
Performance Measures
Time
1 day CAP
1 month
Deliberate
Accuracy
Performed
correctly 75% 90% of the time
Skill Levels
Performing
Task
(time to
proficiency)
Proficiency Code
18 - 24 months
Commander's
approval
Commander's
approval
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Develop Rules of Engagement (ROE) Supplement
Task
Behavior
Category
Knowledge; Performer must know how
to
Collective Ref: Joint Nonlethal directorate
Ref: JP 1-04, Ch II, Sec 4, pg II-9 - 12
reference; Status of Forces Agreement Check COA for compliance with law and
(SOFA) agreements; Legal agreements policy established in ROE
for specific countries; Electronic Fact Appraise supplemental ROE measures
Sheets Database
Develop Rules of Engagement
(ROE) Supplement
Skill; Performer must Attitude; Performer must
be able to perform
be able to demonstrate a
following activities
behavior, express an
opinion or make a
decision
Ref: JP 1-04, Ch II, Sec Ref: JP 1-04, Ch II, Sec 4,
4, pg II-9 - 12
pg II-9 -12
Reconcile COA outside
of ROE, with
Recognize COA operating
appropriate request for outside of ROE guidelines
authorizations,
exceptions, or waivers
Who: Joint IO planners
What: Deliberate or crisis action
planning
Where: CCMD's J39
When: While participant in an OPT
Criticality
Difficulty
Frequency
Delay Tolerance
Critical
2 - 3 Weeks
As Required
1 - 2 days,
depending on the
OPT schedule
Performance Measures
Time
2 - 3 weeks
Accuracy
Performed
correctly 90% of
the time
Skill Levels
Performing
Task
(time to
proficiency)
Proficiency Code
1 week
Approved ROE that
adequately
addresses the
system
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Develop Targets in support of IO Concept of Support
Task
Behavior
Category
Knowledge; Performer must know how
to
Skill; Performer must Attitude; Performer must
be able to perform
be able to demonstrate a
following activities
behavior, express an
opinion or make a
decision
Individual Ref: JP 3-60
Ref: Joint Fires and Targeting Handbook,
Ref: Joint Fires and
Targeting Handbook,
2007, pg III-35
Develop Targets in support of IO 2007, pg III-28, Ch 3 sec 7
Concept of Support
Who: Joint IO planner or Joint IO
capability specialist What: Deliberate or
crisis action planning
Where: CCMD's J39 targeting and
nonlethal fires integration branch
Ref: Joint Fires and
Targeting Handbook,
2007, pg III-35
Understand Phase One of the Targeting
Cycle
Use Modernized
Appreciate end state,
Integrated Database
intent, objective, and
Understand end state, intent, objectives,
(MIDB) to access target desired effects
desired effects and required tasks
information
Consider lethal and
Derive initial/potential IO targets, based on Select specific
nonlethal effects to develop
intelligence, COG analysis and mission
audiences, nodes, or an integrated and
analysis
links for
comprehensive range of
targeting
target
options that support the
operational tasks, effects
and objectives
Criticality
Difficulty
Frequency
Delay Tolerance
Performance Measures
Critical Catastrophic
8 Months
Weekly
1-2 days
Time
Intelligence
driven
Accuracy
Performed
correctly 0% of
the time
Skill Levels
Performing
Task
(time to
proficiency)
Proficiency Code
8 months
Commander's
approval
14
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Develop MOE
Task
Behavior
Category
Knowledge; Performer must know how
to
Collective Develop MOE
Who: Joint IO planners
What: CJCS plans review and approval
process
Where: CCMD's J39 assessment
branch
Ref: JP 5-0, Ch III, Sec 12, pg 111-44 - 45 Ref: JP 5-0, Ch III, Sec
D, pg III-44
Identify the means to access effectiveness Communicate progress
and the related information requirements
toward achieving
that support assessment
objectives and whether
the current tasks and
Understand system behavior and end state, objectives are relevant
objectives and desired effects
to reaching the
end state
Criticality
Delay Tolerance
Performance Measures
2 weeks
Time
2 weeks
Marginal Critical
Difficulty
Frequency
6 Months - 1 Annually
Year
Skill; Performer must Attitude; Performer must
be able to perform
be able to demonstrate a
following activities
behavior, express an
opinion or make a
decision
Accuracy
Performed
correctly 75% of
the time
Ref: JP 5-0, Appx. D, pg D1
Choose relevant reliable
measures for mission
accomplishment
Skill Levels
Performing
Task
(time to
proficiency)
Proficiency Code
6 Months - 1
Year
Changes to
operation based on
assessment
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