The Comprehensive Approach
Today and in the Future
Ambassador Hans Wesseling
Civil-Military Interface Advisor (CIVAD)
Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe
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USS Montana
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21st Century Security Challenges
“We have too many
walls in the world of
security. We need more
bridges.”
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Strategic Surprise
The ‘Arab Spring’
Russia/Georgia
Conflict – 2008
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The Comprehensive Approach
Causes of instability and
conflict are also Human
Development issues
Conflicts can no
longer be
adequately dealt
with by military
force alone
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The World Bank Report
CAUSES
Insecurity
Non-Inclusion
Corruption
SOLUTIONS
Security
Justice
Jobs
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The Comprehensive Approach
The Comprehensive Approach is above all a mindset
with which we address a crisis or conflict. It serves us
to understand the environment in which we operate
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The Lisbon Summit Declaration
“To improve NATO’s contribution to a
Comprehensive Approach and its ability to
contribute, when required, to stabilisation and
reconstruction, we have agreed to form an
appropriate but modest civilian capability to
interface more effectively with other actors.”
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Mandate for Change: Strategic Concept 2010
“A comprehensive political, civilian and military approach is
necessary for effective crises management. The Alliance
will engage actively with other international actors before,
during and after crises to encourage collaborative analysis,
planning and conduct of activities.”
“NATO will actively employ an appropriate
mix of those political and military tools to
help manage developing crises that have the
potential to affect Alliance security, before
they escalate into conflicts; to stop ongoing
conflicts where they affect Alliance security
and to help consolidate stability in postconflict situations where that contributes to
Euro-Atlantic security.”
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Mandate for Change: SACEUR’s Intent
Comprehensive Crisis and Operations Management Centre
“The CCOMC is the cornerstone of
our effort to “Operationalize
Lisbon” in accordance with HOSG
direction. I am convinced that the
CCOMC is an organization that will
strengthen my command ability to
think plan and act strategically
effectively and efficiently across the
crisis and operations spectrum
(Article 4 and Article 5) in support
of the security and defence
decisions of Nations.”
CCOMC Concept Paper 10 Nov 11.
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Outcome of Change: SHAPE CCOM Process
NATO Crisis
Management
Process
(NCMP)
SHAPE
Comprehensive
Crisis and
Operations
Management
(SHAPE CCOM)
Indications
&
Warning
Assessment
Response
Options
Development
Planning
Scanning
Comprehensive
Understanding
Fused Options
Direction
-Crisis Scanning
of Strategic Spaces
-Initial Situational
Awareness
- Initial Estimation
- Prudent
Thinking
- Prudent Activities
- Strategic ROs
-Strategic
Directives
- Plans
Transition
Command and Control
Review
- Strategic C2
- Ops Assessment
- Stakeholder
Feedback
- Critique
- Shared learning/LI/LL
- Op Assessment
-Transition Management
Crisis Identification
Group (CIG)
NEW
CRISIS
Execution
INTRA OPS
CRISIS
Estimation and Options Group
(EOG)
Response Direction Group
(RDG)
Current Operations Group
(COG)
Crisis Review Group
(CRG)
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07
Outcome of Change: the CCOMC Cloud


&
CRISIS & OPERATIONS PANEL
(COP)
SPECIAL STAFF
(INTAF, LEGAD,
STRATCOM)
STRAT MGMT BOARD
(SMB)
NATO HQ
(IS, IMS)
DIRECTOR OF MANAGEMENT
(KNOWLEDGE MGMT)
Crisis Identification Group
(CIG)
NATO ORGANIZATIONS
(ACT, AGENCIES, COEs)
SUBORDINATE
HEADQUARTERS
(JFCs, MC, AC, LC)
Response Direction Group
(RDG)
Current Operations Group
(COG)
NATIONS
(NATO & TCNS)
Resources
Estimation and Options
Group (EOG)
DCOS OPS
(J2, J3, J9)
DCOS PLANS
(J5, J7)
DCOS RESOURCES
(J1, J4, J8,JENG, JMED)
Crisis Review Group
(CRG)
DCOS CIS
(J6, CYBER, NCISG)
ACADEMIA
& MEDIA
IGOs
NGOs
LIAISON
OFFICERS
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DCOS MPD
(PARTNERS)
08
SHAPE’s Task
The three essential aspects of a Comprehensive
Approach are:
1. Improving the application of the Alliance’s own crisis
management instruments.
2. Improving the Alliance’s practical cooperation at all
levels with partners, the UN and other relevant
International Organisations, Non-Governmental
Organisations and local actors in the planning and
conduct of operations.
3. Enhancing NATO’s ability to bring military support to
stabilisation activities and reconstruction efforts in all
phases of a conflict.
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Comprehensive Approach to Crisis Management
Partners
NGO
Current
Ops
NATO WMD
Center
Intel
Fusion
OSCE
Terrorist Threat
Intelligence Unit
COE: Defense
Against Terrorism
Civ-Emer
Planning
NATO
NATO National
Reps
COE:
ENERGY
Other
COE
IS/IMS
EADRCC
COE:
CYBER
IO
UN
Identification
& Monitoring
Response
Options
GO
EU
Coordinated
Action
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Stabilisation
Monitoring
The Berlin Plus Arrangements
The Berlin Plus arrangements provide the basis for
NATO-EU cooperation in crises by allowing the EU
to have access to NATO assets including:
1. Access to NATO planning
2. A NATO European command option
3. Use of NATO capabilities
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NATO-EU: A Strategic Partnership
NATO and the EU can and
should play complementary
and mutually reinforcing
roles in supporting
international peace and
security
NATO will:
•
•
•
•
Fully strengthen the strategic partnership with the EU
Enhance cooperation
Broaden political consultations
Cooperate in capability development
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Some points to consider
How closely must we really interact?
Is it enough to have:
1. some common goals?
2. a broad code of conduct?
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Spectrum of Civil-Military Interaction
Different
forms of
interaction
INTEGRATE
PARTNER/EMBED
COLLABORATE
COOPERATE
COORDINATE
DECONFLICT
DIALOGUE/DISCUSS
AVOID/IGNORE
COMPETE
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Future of the Comprehensive Approach
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QUESTIONS?
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