Development of Painting in
Europe
Cimabue
Giotto
Ghiberti
Donatello
Van Eyke
Masaccio
Uccello
Botticelli
Da Vinci
Michelangelo
Raphael
Cimabue
Cimabue
• 1240 – 1302
• Italy (Florence)
• Influenced by Byzantine artists and Italian
muralists
• He influenced Giotto and Duccio
• Patrons: The Catholic church
• Themes: Biblical
• Media: Fresco
Cimabue key-works
• Maesta 1280- 1285
• Contribution to art took first steps toward
realism
• Began to break away from Byzantine style
Giotto di Bondone
The Deposition
• Angel detail
Maesta
Giotto key-points
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1266-1337
Pre- Renaissance
Italy (Florence)
Influenced by Cimabue
He influenced Donatello, Michelangelo, El
Greco, Caravaggio, Van Gogh and Rodin
among others.
Contributions to art
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Volume, weight, emotional gestures
Patrons: the catholic church
Themes: Biblical
Media: Fresco painting
Ghiberti
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Baptistry doors
Detail of baptistry doors / portrait
Ghiberti
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1378 – 1455
Italy (Florence)
Pre Renaissance
Influenced by his father a blacksmith and gothic
sculpture
He influenced Botticelli and Raphael
Patrons: The Catholic Church
Themes: Biblical
Media: Bronze
Contribution to art
• He created a 3D space on a 2D surface
using mathematical perspective
Donatello
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1386 – 1466
Florence Italy
Pre-Renaissance
Influenced by: Gothic sculpture and Giotto
He influenced Michelangelo, Bernini and Rodin
Patrons: The Catholic Church
Themes: Biblical
Media: wood, bronze and marble
Donatello key-works
• David
• Mary Magdeline
• Judith and Holofernes
Van Eyck
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1385-1441
Flanders- Lille
Northern / Low Renaissance
Influenced by church teachings
He influenced Raphael, and Vermeer
Patrons wealthy merchants and the church
Themes: Portraits and religious
Media: oils
Arnolfini Wedding
Ghent altarpiece open / closed
Masaccio
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1401 – 1428
Italy – Florence
Pre- Renaissance
Influenced by: Giotto, Ghiberti, Donatello
He influenced: Mantegna, Botticelli, Leonardo,
Michelangelo and Raphael
Patrons: the Catholic Church
Themes: Biblical
Media: Fresco painting
Humanism, realism
Key-works
• Tribute Money
• Expulsion from Paradise
Uccello
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1397 – 1475
Italy – Florence
Pre-Renaissance
Influenced by: mathematics of perspective
He influenced Mantegna, Leonardo,
Michelangelo and Raphael
• Patrons: The Medici family
• Themes: Biblical
• Media: Tempera
Battle of San Romano
Botticelli
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1445-1510
Italy-Florence
Mid Renaissance
Influenced by: Mantegna among others
He influenced: Raphael, Ingres and Renoir
Linear composition
Patrons The Catholic Church, Medici Family,
Merchants of Florence
• Media: Fresco, tempera, Oils
Primavera
Da Vinci
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1452-1519
Italy –Florence
High Renaissance
Influenced by: Verrochio
He influenced: Michelangelo, Durer, and
Raphael
• Patrons: The Catholic Church, King Francis I of
France
• Media: Fresco, Tempera, oils, ink, clay etc
• Sfumato
Last Supper
Virgin of the rocks
Michelangelo
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1475 -1564
Italy- Florence
High Renaissance and Mannerism
Influenced by: Giotto, Donatello and
Leonardo
• He influenced: Caravaggio, El Greco,
Rodin, Bernini
• Patrons: The Catholic Church, Pope Julius
II
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Themes: Biblical
Media: Fresco, Carrara marble
Contrapposto
Key-works: Sistine chapel, David, Pieta
David / Pieta
Creation of Adam
Raphael
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1483-1520
Italy Florence
High Renaissance
Influenced by: Jan Van Eyck, Botticelli,
Leonardo
• He influenced: Rubens, Ingres, Degas,
Renoir
Raphael
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Patrons: Pope Julius II,
Themes: Biblical
Media: Fresco and Oils
Harmony and Balance
Key-works: The school of Athens, The
Alba Madonna, Small Cowper Madonna
School of Athens