Presented by:
Nahla Zeitoun
Programme Analyst, UNDP Egypt

Why Evidence-based data for EHDRs?

Prominent Institutions Producing Statistics In Egypt

Data sources used for EHDRs
• Censuses and Surveys
• Administrative Records
• Special Surveys commissioned for EHDRs
• Case Studies

EHDR Statistical Annexes

Newly Proposed indices and indicators

Advantages and Disadvantages of Statistical Sources

Advantages of Disaggregated HDI

To give a full picture of issue discussed and assess extent of problem

Rigorous methodologies in data collection are needed given the wide
audience of EHDRs and their massive impact

EHDR statistics feed into policy discussions over important issues such
as national programs, budgets …

EHDR statistics are cited by students and professors in researches and
papers

Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS):
• The official governmental agency for statistics (National statistical arm)
• Conducts surveys

Institute of National Planning (INP) affiliated to the Ministry of Planning
and International Cooperation

Information and Decision Support Center (IDSC):
• Local offices at sub-national level
• Public Opinion Poll Center
• EgyInfo: the first Egyptian adaptation of the UN data mapping
software “DevInfo”, launched in cooperation with UNICEF
• Local Level Portals

Population, Housing and Establishments Census:
 carried out by CAPMAS every 10 years

Demographic and Health Survey (DHS):
 produced every 2-3 years to measure Key population & health indicators

Household Income, Expenditure and Consumption Survey (HIECS):
 conducted by CAPMAS every two years (used to be every 5 years)


Egypt Labor Market Survey (ELMS):
Published by the Economic Research Forums in cooperation with the Population
Council and CAPMAS to study the dynamics of the labor market

Statistical Year Book: published by CAPMAS

Data from Ministries (Petroleum, Higher Education, Finance, Health,
Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Water Resources and Irrigation…)

Data from Governmental Institutions such as the Supreme Council of
Universities…
 Survey on Young People in Egypt (SYPE): provides a
comprehensive picture of the profile of young people in Egypt,
and highlights the main issues that face this important segment
of the population. (2010 EHDR)
 World Value Survey (2010 EHDR): a worldwide investigation
of socio-cultural and political change that was applied to Egypt
to survey the basic values and beliefs of the public.
 Perception Surveys: such as the specially tailored Semi-
Participatory Assessment Survey (SPAS) introduced in the
1996 EHDR to explore people’s perceptions regarding living
conditions
Special qualitative case studies have been produced for many EHDRs
These national and international case studies offer policy alternatives
Some case studies are produced in a participatory manner i.e.:
2008 EHDR Competition :
◦ Launched a competition to promote best practice CSOs in Egypt
◦ 10 best practice CSOs were selected and their profiles published
Annex includes Indicators at the National and Governorate level i.e.
 HDI calculations (life expectancy, GDP per capita, Education)
 Human Deprivation (Poverty, malnourishment, illiteracy)
 Income Distribution, Poverty
expenditures, social security)
and
Social
Investment
(GINI
coefficient,
public
 Labor force ( wage earners, professionals and technicians, employees in the public
sector), unemployment
 Status of Women (Maternal mortality rate, education enrollment ratios, women in labor
force, child survival and development
 Female-Male gap
 Participation in Development ( participation in economic activities, informal sector,
handcraft activities…)

Urbanization and rural-urban Gap

Demographic Profile (contraceptive prevalence, population growth, fertility rate)

Health Profile (health units, doctors, nurses, public expenditures on health)

Communications (internet subscribers, telephone, cell phone subscribers)

Natural resources (irrigated land, water consumption, renewable water
resources, land area, cultivated area, population density, fish catch…)

Energy Consumption (electricity, commercial energy consumption)

Food Security (agricultural production, imports, exports, calories per capita)

Resource Flow Imbalances (remittances, trade dependency…)

National Income Accounts and economic performance

Introduced in the 2010 EHDR

Includes eleven dimensions to monitor the levels and severity of youth deprivation

Assesses progress on youth indicators in access to services, income and
deprivation, gender, employment, as well as civic participation, family life, leisure,
and security.

Measures progress in youth well-being over time

Raises awareness on all aspects of youth welfare

Situates Egypt’s youth as compared to youth in other countries
2- HDI at Sub-National Level

Only Introduced in the 2002/2003 EHDR

Innovative approach to calculate the HDI at the local (village/markaz)
level to give a comprehensive picture of human development in the
country’s 451 sub-administrative units.

Provides a lens through which policy makers can look in detail at
specific pockets of poverty or deprivation.
 3-
Governance Assessments Indicators

New generation of governance indicators developed by the Oslo
Governance Center and discussed in the 2008 EHDR

Measure various dimensions of the operational policy and regulatory
framework.

Four groups of governance indicators are explored:
1. Public sector management
2. Corruption
3. Justice
4. Human rights.

Population censuses have the advantage of their complete coverage,
but they have also the weakness of being frequently out-of-date

Household surveys have the advantage of being up-dated but they
have the problem of often insufficient or ill-defined statistical
representativeness

Administrative records have the advantage of being permanently updated but the disadvantage of their varying coverage and definitions.

Disaggregated for different groups: Geographic or administrative,
urban/rural, gender, ethnicity, etc.

Help highlight significant disparities and gaps and help redirect
policy/budget.

Can be used for local communities as pressure tool, for participatory
planning, accountability, etc.
Could be difficult to do because of lack of data