GSM Training for
Professionals
TOPICS
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Module-1
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Module-2
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Introduction of Communication and Wireless Concepts
History of Communication
Telecommunication Basics
Frequency, Range of Wireless Frequency
Channel Concept
Multiple Access Concepts and its types
Cellular Generation Wireless Concepts
1st Generation of Cellular Communication (AMPS, TACS)
2nd Generation of TDMA , GSM
3rd Generation WCDMA
4th Generation LTE
Module-3 GSM Architecture
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MS
BSS
NSS
Interfaces, Protocols
TOPICS
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Module-4
GSM Channel Concepts
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Module-5
Cell Planning Concepts
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Module-6
Cell Planning Basic
Cell Planning Tools , TEMPS
NSS/BSS Hardware and Software
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GSM Channels
Physical and Logical Channels
Module-7
MSC
HLR
STP
BSC
DATA Calls
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HSCSD
GPRS
Data Call Path,
SGSN and GGSN Hardware
TOPICS
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Module-8
Call paths
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Module-9
Mobile Packet Backbone Network
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Postpaid to Paid calls
Postpaid to Prepaid calls
Operator to Operator Calls
Mobile to PTCL calls
Module-10
OSI layer
IP Fundamentals
IP Routing , Protocols
MPLS Requirement in Telecom
GSM Evolution Path
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GSM Towards LTE
LTE Architecture
S-GWS, MME, eNode
Wireless Access Evolution
Subscribers
 Broadband
 Network
Simplification
 New Services
 Efficiency
 Voice Quality
 Portability
Voice
 Coverage
 Capacity
 Mobility
 Data Service
Broadband
 More Data
Services
required
 Cost of
Ownership
Secrete of Upgrade

Maximize
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Utilization Spectrum Efficiency FDMA/TDMA/CDMA/OFDMA
Power Efficiency----------------Battery
Minimize
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Complexity------- System should be Simple,
Cost--------- It should be minimize , as per customer needs
GSM Architecture Overview

Main components of GSM
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The mobile station (MS)
BSS Base Station Subsystem (BTS+BSC)
MSS Mobile Station Subsystem (MSC/HLR, ..)
BTS
BSC
MSC
Network Overview
MS
(Mobile Station)
MS
RF department
BTS
BSS (Base Station System)
RAN department
Transmission department
BSC
PSTN, ISDN...
MSC
NSS
Voicemail Server
SM-SC
VLR
HLR AuC
OMC
OMC
NMC
EIR
(Network Switching
Subsystem)
NSS department
OMM(Operations & Maintenance
GSM interfaces
Management)
X.25 links
Services offered
Voice Services
 Data Services (GPRS/MMS)
 Short Code Services

GSM Voice Network
Only Voice Call
GSM Voice and Data Call Architecture
Voice Calls Path
Data Calls Path
Packet Data14.4 Kp/s
GSM Prepaid Services
SMSC
BSC
VMS
HLR
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
PSTN
Fixed Network
MSC
OMO
SMSC
Short Code Services
Cell Planning (RF)
Two Key technologies are evolving to meet the Wireless
Broadband Requirements
MOBILE
BROADBAND
Metro Area
Nomadic
GSM
GPRS
EDGE
UMTS
HSPA
LTE
3GPP
802.16e
(Mobile WIMAX)
Mobile Industry
802.16a/d
(Fixed NLOS)
Fixed Wireless Industry
Local Area
Fixed
Coverage/Mobility
Wide Area
Mobile
4G Air Interfaces
Dial Up
DSL Experience
Fibre Experience
Data Rates (kbps)
802.16
(Fixed LOS)
802.11n
(smart antennas)
802.11
Mesh extns.
802.11b/a/g
100,000 +
Higher Data Rate / Lower Cost per Bit
Converge Networks
GSM Call Setup
AUC
HLR
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MS
BTS
BSC
HLR
MSC
VLR
AUC
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EIR
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BSC
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VMS
PrePaid
Node
EIR
MSC/VLR
Warid
SMSC
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INTERNET
Telenore
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PSTN
Mobilink
MSC
w
BSC
Mobile Station = phone + SIM card
Base Transceiver Station
Base Station Controller
Home Location Register
Mobile services Switching Centre
Visitor Location Register
Authentication Centre
Stand-alone or integrated in HLR
Equipment Identity Register
For blacklisting stolen and unwanted
equipment
Short Message Service ”Support”
SMSC
Centre
VMS
Voice Messaging System
PrePaid Node Hosting prepaid service system
IN
Intelligent Network services
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
PABX Private Automatic Branch Exchange
BSC
VMS
HLR
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
BSC
VMS
HLR
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
BSC
VMS
HLR
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
BSC
VMS
HLR
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
BSC
Base Station Controller
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The call request reaches the BSC from the BTS and
is forwarded to MSC.
After call is established, the BSC will perform
decoding of the call (in typical config.)
BSC
VMS
HLR
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
BSC
VMS
HLR
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
BSC
VMS
HLR
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
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Checks A number.
To whom is A subscriber calling?
(Checks B number)
Example : A subscriber has prepaid
number.
MSC
Mobile Switching Centre
BSC
VMS
HLR
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
BSC
VMS
HLR
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
BSC
VMS
HLR
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
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Does the A subscriber have
money left on his/her account?
When the call is established and
on-going the subscriber’s
account is decremented
accordingly.
PrePaid Node
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
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Where is the B subscriber?
MSC interrogates in HLR.
(HLR = Home Location Register)
MSC
Mobile Switching Centre
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
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HLR says ’I am the home of the B
subscriber and I know where he/she is
right now’ (i.e. which VLR)
Tells this VLR ’Give me a visitor address
for this subscriber’ (Roaming Number)
HLR
Home Location Register
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC

Hosting MSC/VLR returns TEMPORARILY
assigned visitor/roaming address for Bsubscriber to HLR.
MSC
Mobile Switching Centre
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC


’Thanks for the visitor address!’
’I will send this address to the MSC
that requested for it.’
HLR
Home Location Register
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC


’Thank you, HLR!’
Speech connection path will set up
now towards the MSC/VLR where the
B subscriber is presently located.
MSC
Mobile Switching Centre
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
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Sets up a speech connection towards BSC.
Delivers B-subscriber ID to BSC and asks
to page for the subscriber using that ID.
MSC
Mobile Switching Centre
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
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BSC now sends a PAGING MESSAGE to all the BTSs
that it covers/controls.
Carrys PAGING RESPONSE from called MS back to
MSC.
Allocates a RADIO channel through a BTS with best
available and allowable SIGNAL STRENGTH for
called MS.
Performs SPEECH CODING when call is established.
BSC
Base Station Controller
HLR
BSC
VMS
EIR
Voicemail
PrePaid
MSC
IN
SMSC
INTERNET
MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network
PSTN PABX
International
BSC
Thank You