Chapter
10
Powering Your Boat
Boating Skills And Seamanship
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1
Lesson Objectives
Boating Skills And Seamanship
• Types and characteristics of marine
engines
• Two and four stroke engines
• Operation and care
• Gasoline selection
• Battery maintenance
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Lesson Objectives (2)
Boating Skills And Seamanship
•
•
•
•
Electrical system
Galvanic action
Winterizing and commissioning
Trouble shooting
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3
Types of Marine Engines
(Roger’s slide for clarity)
Boating Skills And Seamanship
• Installation location
• Inboard
• Outboard
• Operating cycle
• 2 cycle
• 4 cycle
• Fuel type
• Gas
• Diesel
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Types of Marine Propulsion
(Roger’s slide for clarity)
Boating Skills And Seamanship
• Outboard: Unit containing engine, shafts, prop located
outside & attached to transom
• Inboard: Engine in boat, shaft through hull, external prop &
rudder, prop at angle to water surface, no trim function
•
•
•
Traditional uses straight shaft, engine is well forward of transom
Tunnel drive
V drive moves engine to transom, shaft cut into two and leaves engine
going forward, then reverses
• Inboard/Outboard (I/O): Engine inboard at stern, external
drive includes prop parallel to water surface, driven by shafts
at 90 degrees. Swivel drive to turn; no rudder
•
•
Traditional I/O has large transom cut out
Tractor or 360 degree swivel, shaft through hull, drive & prop under hull
• Jet drive: Impeller no prop, pumps water for thrust. Swivel
nozzle to turn.
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Types of Marine
Engines
Boating Skills And Seamanship
• Installation (these are propulsion, not
engine)
Inboard
Inboard/outboard
(stern drive)
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Outboard
6
Types of Marine
Engines
Boating Skills And Seamanship
Intake
Exhaust
Intake
Exhaust
Intake Port
• Operating Cycle
Exhaust
Port
• Who can
recall some of the differences
2
1
2
Four-Stroke
in the two-stroke
and Two-Stroke
four-stroke
Intake
Exhaust
Intake
Exhaust
engines?
1
3
4
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4
5
7
Types of Marine
Engines
Boating Skills And Seamanship
• Types of fuel used
• What are the advantages and
disadvantages in engines fueled by
diesel rather than gasoline?
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Types of Marine
Engines
Boating Skills And Seamanship
• Risks from fuel
• Gasoline
• Diesel
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9
Types of Marine
Propulsion
Boating Skills And Seamanship
• Inboard engines
• Engine in boat, shaft through hull, external prop & rudder,
prop at angle to water surface
Direct - Drive
V - Drive
Reprinted with permission from Boatowner’s Mechanical and Electrical Manual, Third Edition, by Nigel Calder
Copyright 2007 - Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.
10
Types of Marine
Propulsion
Boating Skills And Seamanship
• Jet drives
• Power
• Steering
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Types of Marine
Propulsion
Boating Skills And Seamanship
• Tunnel drives
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Types of Marine
Propulsion
Boating Skills And Seamanship
• Stern drive
• Engine inboard at stern, external drive includes
prop parallel to water surface, driven by shafts at
90 degrees. Swivel drive to turn; no rudder
• What are advantages and
disadvantages of the stern-drive
engine?
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Types of Marine
Propulsion
Boating Skills And Seamanship
• Outboard engine
• Unit containing engine, shafts, prop located
outside & attached to transom
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14
Induction Systems
Boating Skills And Seamanship
• Carburetor
• Fuel is mixed with air, then passed into the
cylinder
• Backfire may cause flame to come out air intake.
Use flame arrester.
• Fuel injection
• Fuel injected into cylinder to mix with air
• Some use flame arrester
• Diesel injects once cylinder is compressed,
triggering ignition
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Ignition Systems
Boating Skills And Seamanship
• Diesel
• Heat of
compression
• Gasoline
• Spark from plugs
• Magneto ignition
• Ignition breaker
point system
• Electronic
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Cooling Systems
Boating Skills And Seamanship
• Air cooled
• Water cooled
• Open System Pumps Sea Water Through Engine
• Closed or dual system
• Sea Water Pumped Through Heat Exchanger
• Fresh Water with Antifreeze Pumped Through
Engine & Heat Exchanger
• Telltale on outboards
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Gasoline
Considerations
Boating Skills And Seamanship
• Octane
• Reformulated
• Fuel tanks
• Fuel stability
• Condensation
• Filter
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Batteries
Boating Skills And Seamanship
• Charged
• Switch
• Running on
both = same
as one battery
• Secure
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Maintenance
Boating Skills And Seamanship
•
•
•
•
•
•
Lubrication
Crankcase
Bilge pumps
Belts
Ignition system
Zincs
Reprinted with permission from Outboard Engines by Edwin R. Sherman
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20
Winterizing Your Boat
Boating Skills And Seamanship
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Crankcase
Transmission
Fuel tank
Gasoline engine
Cooling systems
Lower units
Ignition system
Freshwater system
Heads
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Spring Fitting Out
Boating Skills And Seamanship
• Out of the water
• In the water
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Trouble Shooting
Boating Skills And Seamanship
•
•
•
•
Engine won’t turn over
Engine won’t start
Engine runs rough
Engine idles but does not develop full
power
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23