Chapter 12
The Second War for Independence
and the Upsurge of Nationalism,
1812–1824
Question
All of the following were true of the War of 1812 EXCEPT
a) it was an especially divisive and ill-fought war.
b) there was considerable burning national anger, left
over from the Chesapeake outrage.
c) the supreme lesson of the conflict was the folly of
leading a divided and apathetic people into war.
d) Americans came out of the war with a renewed
sense of nationhood.
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Answer
All of the following were true of the War of 1812 EXCEPT
a) it was an especially divisive and ill-fought war.
b) there was considerable burning national anger, left
over from the Chesapeake outrage. (correct)
c) the supreme lesson of the conflict was the folly of
leading a divided and apathetic people into war.
d) Americans came out of the war with a renewed
sense of nationhood.
Hint: See page 248.
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Question
All of the following were true of the battle of New Orleans
EXCEPT
a) news of the victory struck the country “like a clap of thunder.”
b) Andrew Jackson became a national hero as poets and
politicians lined up to sing the praises of the defenders of New
Orleans.
c) it undermined the victory when word arrived that a peace treaty
had been signed at Ghent, Belgium, ending the war two weeks
before the battle.
d) the Battle of New Orleans restored national honor and
unleashed a wave of nationalism and self-confidence.
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Answer
All of the following were true of the battle of New Orleans
EXCEPT
a) news of the victory struck the country “like a clap of thunder.”
b) Andrew Jackson became a national hero as poets and
politicians lined up to sing the praises of the defenders of New
Orleans.
c) it undermined the victory when word arrived that a peace treaty
had been signed at Ghent, Belgium, ending the war two weeks
before the battle. (correct)
d) the Battle of New Orleans restored national honor and
unleashed a wave of nationalism and self-confidence.
Hint: See page 252.
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Question
All of the following were true of the Treaty of Ghent
EXCEPT
a) Tsar Alexander I of Russia proposed mediation between the
United States and England as early as 1812.
b) the bickering group of five American peacemakers was headed
by early-rising, puritanical John Quincy Adams.
c) British envoys gained a neutralized Indian buffer state in the
Great Lakes region, control of the Great Lakes, and a
substantial part of conquered Maine.
d) the treaty was essentially an armistice, as both sides simply
agreed to stop fighting and to restore conquered territory.
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Answer
All of the following were true of the Treaty of Ghent
EXCEPT
a) Tsar Alexander I of Russia proposed mediation between the
United States and England as early as 1812.
b) the bickering group of five American peacemakers was headed
by early-rising, puritanical John Quincy Adams.
c) British envoys gained a neutralized Indian buffer state in the
Great Lakes region, control of the Great Lakes, and a
substantial part of conquered Maine. (correct)
d) the treaty was essentially an armistice, as both sides simply
agreed to stop fighting and to restore conquered territory.
Hint: See page 252.
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Question
All of the following were true of the Hartford Convention
EXCEPT
a) embittered opposition of the Federalists to the war continued
unabated.
b) a large majority of them proposed secession from the Union, or
at least a separate peace with Britain.
c) ugly rumors were afloat about “Blue Light” Federalists—
treacherous New Englanders who supposedly flashed lanterns
on the shore so that blockading British cruisers would be
alerted to the attempted escape of American ships.
d) though a minority of delegates gave vent to wild talk of
secession, the convention’s final report was quite moderate.
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Answer
All of the following were true of the Hartford Convention
EXCEPT
a) embittered opposition of the Federalists to the war continued
unabated.
b) a large majority of them proposed secession from the Union, or
at least a separate peace with Britain. (correct)
c) ugly rumors were afloat about “Blue Light” Federalists—
treacherous New Englanders who supposedly flashed lanterns
on the shore so that blockading British cruisers would be
alerted to the attempted escape of American ships.
d) though a minority of delegates gave vent to wild talk of
secession, the convention’s final report was quite moderate.
Hint: See page 253.
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Question
All of the following were true of the American System
EXCEPT
a) a nationalist Congress, out-Federalizing the old
Federalists, passed the path-breaking Tariff of 1816.
b) it began with a strong banking system, which would
provide easy and abundant credit.
c) it proposed a network of roads and canals,
especially in the burgeoning Ohio Valley.
d) attempts to secure federal funding for roads and
canals were universally vetoed by President
Madison.
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Answer
All of the following were true of the American System
EXCEPT
a) a nationalist Congress, out-Federalizing the old
Federalists, passed the path-breaking Tariff of 1816.
b) it began with a strong banking system, which would
provide easy and abundant credit.
c) it proposed a network of roads and canals,
especially in the burgeoning Ohio Valley.
d) attempts to secure federal funding for roads and
canals were universally vetoed by President
Madison. (correct)
Hint: See page 256.
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Question
All of the following were true of the Era of Good Feelings
EXCEPT
a) in the election of 1816, the Federalists ran their last candidate,
and he was crushed.
b) the Federalist party re-emerged from this period to challenge
the eight years of Republican one-party rule.
c) emerging nationalism was further cemented by a goodwill tour
Monroe undertook early in 1817, ostensibly to inspect military
defenses.
d) the period was troubled by contested issues like the tariff, the
bank, internal improvements, and the sale of public lands.
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Answer
All of the following were true of the Era of Good Feelings
EXCEPT
a) in the election of 1816, the Federalists ran their last candidate,
and he was crushed.
b) the Federalist party re-emerged from this period to challenge
the eight years of Republican one-party rule. (correct)
c) emerging nationalism was further cemented by a goodwill tour
Monroe undertook early in 1817, ostensibly to inspect military
defenses.
d) the period was troubled by contested issues like the tariff, the
bank, internal improvements, and the sale of public lands.
Hint: See pages 257–258.
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Question
All of the following were true of the Monroe Doctrine
EXCEPT
a) British foreign minister Canning initially proposed the Doctrine
as a joint Anglo-American venture.
b) Secretary of State Adams knew the British feared that the
United States would one day seize Spanish territory in the
Americas, and that Canning’s proposal was an attempt to tie
America’s hands morally.
c) President Monroe incorporated a stern warning to the
European powers: (1) noncolonization and (2) nonintervention.
d) Monroe suggested that the great powers free their American
colonial possessions, and never seize or otherwise acquire
more.
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Answer
All of the following were true of the Monroe Doctrine
EXCEPT
a) British foreign minister Canning initially proposed the Doctrine
as a joint Anglo-American venture.
b) Secretary of State Adams knew the British feared that the
United States would one day seize Spanish territory in the
Americas, and that Canning’s proposal was an attempt to tie
America’s hands morally.
c) President Monroe incorporated a stern warning to the
European powers: (1) noncolonization and (2) nonintervention.
d) Monroe suggested that the great powers free their American
colonial possessions, and never seize or otherwise acquire
more. (correct)
Hint: See page 268.
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Question
All of the following were true of Gibbons v. Ogden EXCEPT
a) the suit was New York’s attempt to grant to a private concern a
monopoly of waterborne commerce between New York and
New Jersey.
b) Marshall sternly reminded the upstart state that the Constitution
conferred on Congress alone the control of interstate
commerce.
c) Marshall struck with one hand another blow at states’ rights,
while upholding with the other the sovereign powers of the
federal government.
d) New York reworded its monopolistic statute and gained support
in later years from Chief Justice Roger Taney.
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Answer
All of the following were true of Gibbons v. Ogden EXCEPT
a) the suit was New York’s attempt to grant to a private concern a
monopoly of waterborne commerce between New York and
New Jersey.
b) Marshall sternly reminded the upstart state that the Constitution
conferred on Congress alone the control of interstate
commerce.
c) Marshall struck with one hand another blow at states’ rights,
while upholding with the other the sovereign powers of the
federal government.
d) New York reworded its monopolistic statute and gained support
in later years from Chief Justice Roger Taney. (correct)
Hint: See pages 263–264.
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Question
All of the following were true of the Missouri Compromise
EXCEPT
a) Congress, despite abolitionist pleas, agreed to admit Missouri
as a slave state.
b) free-soil Maine, which until then had been a part of
Massachusetts, was admitted as a separate state.
c) the balance between North and South was kept at twelve
states each and remained there for fifteen years.
d) Missouri was permitted to retain slaves, and all future slavery
was to be allowed in the remainder of the Louisiana Purchase
north of the southern boundary of Missouri.
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Answer
All of the following were true of the Missouri Compromise
EXCEPT
a) Congress, despite abolitionist pleas, agreed to admit Missouri
as a slave state.
b) free-soil Maine, which until then had been a part of
Massachusetts, was admitted as a separate state.
c) the balance between North and South was kept at twelve
states each and remained there for fifteen years.
d) Missouri was permitted to retain slaves, and all future slavery
was to be allowed in the remainder of the Louisiana Purchase
north of the southern boundary of Missouri. (correct)
Hint: See page 262.
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Question
All of the following were true of McCulloch v. Maryland
EXCEPT
a) the suit involved an attempt by the state of Maryland to destroy
a branch of the Bank of the United States by imposing a tax on
its notes.
b) Marshall, speaking for the Court, declared the bank
unconstitutional by invoking the doctrine
of strict construction.
c) Marshall strengthened federal authority and slapped at state
infringements when he denied the right of Maryland to tax the
bank.
d) Marshall affirmed “that the power to tax involves the power to
destroy” and “that a power to create implies a power to
preserve.”
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Answer
All of the following were true of McCulloch v. Maryland
EXCEPT
a) the suit involved an attempt by the state of Maryland to destroy
a branch of the Bank of the United States by imposing a tax on
its notes.
b) Marshall, speaking for the Court, declared the bank
unconstitutional by invoking the doctrine
of strict construction. (correct)
c) Marshall strengthened federal authority and slapped at state
infringements when he denied the right of Maryland to tax the
bank.
d) Marshall affirmed “that the power to tax involves the power to
destroy” and “that a power to create implies a power to
preserve.”
Hint: See page 263.
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