Multi Engine Commercial
Review
By: Graham Johnson DPE
Where Do the Questions Come
From?
► They all come
► Task Items









from the PTS
Certificates & Documents
Airworthiness Requirements
Weather Information
Cross Country Flight Planning
National Airspace System
Performance & Limitations
Operations of Systems
Principles of Flight- Engine Inoperative
Aeromedical Factors
Examination Guide
► The
purpose of this guide is to help
highlight the applicable areas of knowledge
for this exam.
► It is not a complete list of topics, but covers
those that seem to have confusion or are
what I deem as important to the exam.
► The final guidance for all exams is the
appropriate PTS.
Certificates and Documents
► Commercial
Pilot Privileges & Limitations
► Currency Requirements
► Pilot Certificates and Medicals
► Airplane Documents
Commercial Pilot Privileges
►
Common Carriage
 is a person or company that transports goods or people for any
person or company and that is responsible for any possible loss of
the goods during transport. A common carrier offers its services to
the general public under license or authority provided by a
regulatory body. The regulatory body has usually been granted
“ministerial authority” by the legislation which created it. The
regulatory body may create, interpret, and enforce its regulations
upon the common carrier (subject to judicial review) with
independence and finality, as long as it acts within the bounds of
the enabling legislation.
►
Holding Out
 The process of deliberating on an offer. Also advertising for a
service.
►
14CFR119.1
Currency Requirements
►3
Landings within Preceding 90 Days
► Full Stop for Night or Tail wheel
► If using Instrument Privileges
 6-6-HIT
►6
months 6 approaches holding intercepting tracking
Airplane Documents
► A.R.R.O.W.
Airworthiness Certificate
Registration Certificate
Radio License (International Operations)
Operating Limitations (POH/AFM, Placards &
Markings)
 Weight and Balance Data for Specific Aircraft




Airplane Documents Continued
► What
Actions are Required to Maintain an
Airworthiness Certificate
► A.V.I.A.T.E.






Annual Inspection
VOR Check
Pitot Static System Inspection
Airworthiness Directives
Transponder Inspection
ELT Inspection
MEL’s
► What
is an MEL?
 Minimum Equipment List
 List of Stuff that can be broken and us still be
legal to fly
► How
do we obtain an MEL?
 AC 91-67
► What
Do we use instead?
 91.213(d)
Weather Information
► METAR,
TAF, Area Forecast
► Surface Analysis Chart
► Radar Summary Chart
► Winds and Temperature Aloft Chart
► Significant Weather Prognostic Charts
► Convective Outlook Chart
Text Weather Products
► Be
able to decode
► Know issuance times and valid times for
each product
Graphic Weather Products
► Why
do we want to look at these charts
► Valid Times
► Issuance Times
► Symbols
► What is the chart telling me?
Surface Analysis Chart
Radar Summary Chart
Significant Weather Prognostic
Charts
Convective Outlook Chart
Cross Country Flight Planning
► Why
chose the route you chose
► Top of Climb Calculations
 How to Adjust for Wind
► Knowledge
on the use of all aircraft
performance charts
National Airspace System
► Class
A, B, C, D, E
 Cloud and Weather Requirements
 Identify on Chart
 Special Use
►MOA,
MTR, Restricted, Prohibited
Systems
►
►
►
►
►
►
►
►
►
►
Flight Controls
Flaps
Engine & Propeller
Landing Gear
Fuel, Oil, Hydraulic
Electrical
Avionics
Pitot Static
Environmental
Deicing and Anti Icing
Systems
► Must
have the ability to explain overall
operation of systems
► Understand the individual components of
the system and what their role is in the
system
► Basic understanding of troubleshooting
Pressurization Systems
► How
do most general aviation airplanes get
pressurization
► What are the major components of the
system
 Outflow Valve, Safety Valve
► What
3 additional flight instruments does a
pressurized airplane have
O2 Systems
► Altitude
Requirements for O2 Use
► What is a Quick Donning Mask?
► What 3 Types of Mask are available
► What altitude ranges are the masks good
for
Engine Inoperative
Definitions:
VMC is the calibrated airspeed at which, when the critical engine is
suddenly made inoperative, it is possible to maintain control of the airplane
with that engine still inoperative, and thereafter maintain straight flight at the
same speed with an angle of bank of not more than five degrees. The method
used to simulate critical engine failure must represent the most critical mode of
power plant failure expected in service with respect to controllability. (23.149
(a))
At VMC the rudder pedal force required to maintain control must not
exceed 150 pounds and it must not be necessary to reduce power on the
operative engine(s). During the maneuver, the airplane must not assume any
dangerous attitude and it must be possible to prevent a heading change of
more than 20 degrees. (23.149 (e))
Critical Engine is the engine, which if it is made suddenly inoperative has
the greatest negative effect on aircraft directional control.
Spiraling Slipstream
► Doesn’t
Come Into Play in the Duchess
► Or Any Light Twin that I know of…
Aeromedical Factors
► Hypoxia
► Hyperventilation
► Middle
Ear and Sinus Problems
► Spatial Disorientation
► Motion Sickness
► Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
► Stress and Fatigue
► Dehydration
Aeromedical Factors Continued
► Hypoxia




Symptoms
How to Identify
Different Types
Corrective Actions
Aeromedical Factors Continued
► Hyperventilation
 Symptoms
 How to Identify
 Cures
Aeromedical Factors Continued
► Spatial
Disorientation
 I.C.E.F.L.A.G.G.S.
► Inversion
► Coriolis
► Elevator
► False
Horizon
► Leans
► Auto kinesis
► Graveyard Spiral
► Graveyard Spin
► Somatogravic