1.1: Renaissance, Protestant
Reformation, & Exploration
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
Follow along in the student packet:
“Content students MUST KNOW to be
successful on the GHSGT” (pgs. 9-12)
The student will analyze
change and continuity in
the Renaissance and
Reformation.
What is the Renaissance?
 During
the Renaissance (1300 to
1600), Western Europe emerged
from the Middle Ages:
Renaissance means “rebirth”
Revival in Greek & Roman ideas
New ideas in art, government, &
human potential; Trade; Cities
The Renaissance marked the
beginning of the “modern era”
Indicator A
 Explain
the social,
economic, and political
changes that contributed to
the rise of Florence and the
ideas of Machiavelli.
RENAISSANCE WRITERS
 Renaissance
humanists were
challenged “traditional” beliefs, wrote
in the vernacular, & took advantage
of the printing press:
 Erasmus
 Petrarch
 Dante
 Machiavelli
Introduction
 Can
you identify the following
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles?
Donatello
Michelangelo
Leonardo
Rafael
Introduction


Not bad!
But it’s doubtful
whether that question
will be on the GHSGT
or knowledge of these
guys will have any
lasting significance.
Indicator B
 Identify
artistic and
scientific achievements of
Leonardo da Vinci, the
“Renaissance man,” and
Michelangelo.
Classical Ideas
Religion
Perspective
The Individual
Realism
Leonardo da Vinci


Viewed as the original “Renaissance
_ man”
for his expertise in painting, sculpting,
engineering, physics, anatomy and other
subjects. His most well known paintings are
the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.
He produced mechanical drawings so detailed
that they could be used as technical plans for
construction. He conceptualized many
inventions that were not realized until the 20th
century.
“The Last Supper” by Leonardo da Vinci
Leonardo da Vinci’s
“Mona Lisa”
Leonardo da Vinci
“Renaissance Man”
Leonardo da Vinci - Inventions
Leonardo da Vinci - Inventions
Leonardo da Vinci - Inventions
Michelangelo
Indicator C
Explain
the main
characteristics of
humanism; include the
ideas of Petrarch, Dante,
and Erasmus.
Humanists

Studied the history, philosophy, and poetry of the
ancient ______
Greeks and Romans. They challenged
“traditional” beliefs, wrote in the vernacular, &
took advantage of the printing _______.
press :
 Machiavelli
 Petrarch
 Dante
 Erasmus
Petrarch


Often called the “______”
father of
Humanism
He argued that no conflict existed between secular
achievements and a person’s relationship with
_____.
God He believed God had given people
intelligence and _______
talents that should be used to
the fullest in all aspects of life.
Dante


Took the humanist ideas of his contemporaries and
incorporated them into literature written in the
common language (vernacular) of his day.
__________
Most serious writers of the Renaissance wrote
exclusively in ______.
Latin He is considered to be the
father of the _______
Italian language because he wrote
his books using the common language of Florence.
Erasmus


A Dutch Christian Humanist who
believed in reforming the
Catholic Church from ________.
within
He believed in free _____
will rather
than the predestination of the
Protestant movement.
All of the following are true about the
Renaissance EXCEPT
Fr
...
a.
..
5%
in
eg
an
It
b
Ne
w
id
ea
s
in
G
re
...
n
e.
..
Re
vi
va
li
4.
5%
0%
m
3.
ss
an
ce
2.
90%
Renaissance means
“rebirth”
Revival in Greek and
Roman ideals
New ideas in art,
government, human
potential
It began in France.
Re
na
i
1.
10
In his work, The Prince, he described the combination of force
and shrewd decision-making required by a ruling prince to
maintain power and order.
23%
14%
Er
as
m
us
0%
Da
nt
e
4.
ar
ch
3.
Pe
tr
2.
Machiavelli
Petrarch
Dante
Erasmus
M
ac
hi
av
el
li
1.
64%
10
All of the following are works of
Michelangelo EXCEPT
ce
...
on
15%
Pi
et
a
10%
Li
sa
4.
20%
Pa
in
tin
g
3.
M
on
a
2.
David
Mona Lisa
Painting on ceiling of
Sistine Chapel
Pieta
Da
vi
d
1.
55%
10
He is considered by many to be the father of the Italian
language because he wrote his books using the common
language of Florence.
Er
as
m
0%
us
4%
Da
nt
e
4.
30%
ar
ch
3.
Pe
tr
2.
Machiavelli
Petrarch
Dante
Erasmus
M
ac
hi
av
el
li
1.
65%
10
He was a Dutch Christian Humanist who believed in
reforming the Catholic Church from within the
institution.
95%
us
0%
Er
as
m
5%
0%
Da
nt
e
4.
ar
ch
3.
Pe
tr
2.
Machiavelli
Petrarch
Dante
Erasmus
M
ac
hi
av
el
li
1.
10
He argued that no conflict existed between secular
achievements and a person’s relationship with God.
5%
us
5%
Er
as
m
9%
Da
nt
e
4.
ar
ch
3.
Pe
tr
2.
Machiavelli
Petrarch
Dante
Erasmus
M
ac
hi
av
el
li
1.
82%
10
Indicator D
Analyze
the impact of
the Protestant
Reformation; include the
ideas of Martin Luther
and John Calvin.
The Protestant Reformation
Click Here
How did his criticisms expand into an
effort to form a new church?
• Wrote ___
95 Theses to start debate on Church abuses
• Published books and pamphlets ____________
questioning
Church teachings
• Ideas for reform led to breaking with the Catholic
Church and formed Lutheranism as the first
__________
Protestant Church.
1. congregations choose their own __________
ministers
2. worship of saints and holy days “_______”
sinful
3. mass conducted in ___________
instead of Latin
German
4. clergy allowed to _________
marry
Calvinists (1546)
• Founded by John ________
Calvin
• Believed in predestination (God had
predetermined who would obtain __________)
salvation
• Thought a disciplined, strict life would prove
who had been _________
chosen
• Believed in theocracy - government ruled by
the ________
Church where behaviors such as
dancing, drinking alcohol, and gambling
would be outlawed.
Indicator E
Describe the Counter
Reformation at the
Council of Trent and
the role of the Jesuits.
The Catholic Reformation
Click Here
Protestant Reformation
Indicator F
Describe the English
Reformation and the
role of Henry VIII and
Elizabeth I.
Conflict
Anglicans (1534)
• Founded by King Henry ______
VIII of England
• King Henry enraged by pope’s decision not to
grant him _________
divorce
• Believed the monarch, not the ______,
pope was
supreme religious authority of England
• Broke away, but beliefs were almost the same
as the ________
Catholic Church
• When his daughter, Elizabeth, became Queen,
she turned the Anglican church to a moderate
form of _____________.
Protestantism
Indicator G
Explain the
importance of
Gutenberg and the
invention of the
printing press.
Human Potential
Martin Luther believed
1.
2.
3.
4.
Salvation could be
attained through good
works.
Johann Tetzel was a
great man.
God predestined those
who would be saved.
Salvation was by faith
alone.
10
Martin Luther did all of the
following EXCEPT
5
an
d.
..
bo
ok
s
he
d
th
e
ed
Pu
bl
is
th
e
sa
le
An
gl
ic
an
...
o.
..
..
s
Th
es
i
ne
d
Fo
rm
0
95
4.
0% 0% 0% 0%
Co
nd
em
3.
hi
s
2.
Na
ile
d
Nailed his 95 Thesis on
the door of a Catholic
church
Condemned the sale of
indulgences
Formed the Anglican
Church
Published books and
pamphlets questioning
Church teachings
1.
10
What expanded the circulation of literary
works during the Renaissance?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Improved
advertising
The printing press
Unity in Europe
The support of the
church
10
This person printed the first Bible in Europe made with
moveable type. This invention allowed the ideas of the
Protestant Reformation to spread rapidly.
5
Queen Elizabeth I
King Henry VIII
John Calvin
Martin Luther
Johann Gutenberg
..
ut
en
be
.
G
Lu
th
er
in
Jo
ha
nn
M
ar
t
He
nr
y
Ki
ng
0
Q
ue
en
El
iz
ab
et
...
5.
Ca
lv
in
4.
..
3.
Jo
hn
2.
20% 20% 20% 20% 20%
VI
I.
1.
10
ef
or
Co
m
a.
un
..
te
rR
Th
ef
e
or
Pr
m
ot
a.
es
..
ta
nt
R
ef
or
...
Th
e
Re
na
is
sa
nc
e
0%
R
Th
e
Ca
th
ol
ic
0
Th
e
5
Name of the movement against
corrupt practices within the Catholic
Church
1. The Catholic
Reformation
2. The Counter
Speed!
Reformation
3. The Protestant
Reformation
0% 0% 0%
4. The Renaissance
10
Lutherans
Jesuits
Calvinist
Anglicans
0%
0
0%
0%
0%
An
gl
ic
an
s
4.
Ca
lv
in
is
t
3.
ts
2.
Je
su
i
1.
Lu
th
er
an
s
5
A group of Catholics who believed in
restoring Catholicism to newly Protestant
areas of Europe.
10
The Diet of
Worms
The Inquisition
The 95-Theses
The Council of
Trent
f..
.
Co
un
ci
lo
Th
e
Th
e
0
Di
et
of
W
o.
..
4.
95
-T
he
se
s
3.
Speed!
Th
e
2.
25% 25% 25% 25%
In
qu
is
i ti
o.
..
1.
Th
e
5
A body of Catholic Bishops who met over a
period of 18 years to work on reforming
corrupt practices within the Catholic
Church
10
The student will analyze
the impact of the age of
discovery and expansion
into the Americas, Africa,
and Asia.
Indicator A
 Explain
the roles of explorers
and conquistadors; include
Vasco da Gama, Christopher
Columbus, Ferdinand
Magellan, and Samuel de
Champlain.
Indicator B
Define the Columbian
Exchange and its
global economic and
cultural impact.
Indicator C
Explain the role of
improved technology
in European
exploration; include
the astrolabe.
The Age of Exploration
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The Age of Exploration
The
Netherlands
created
the
England
created
13
colonies
in
North
America
Dutch
East
India
Company
&
began
st
(Jamestown,
Virginia
was
1
in
1607)
that
will
to
dominate
trade
in
the
East
Indies
eventually become the United States
The Dutch colonized Manhattan in New York
France unsuccessfully explored New World
looking for a northwest passage to Asia;
Colonized Canada & established a fur trade
The Columbian Exchange
The first European to lead an
expedition that successfully
circumnavigated the earth.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Vasco Da Gama
Christopher
Columbus
Ferdinand Magellan
Samuel de
Champlain
10
This person’s voyages to Eastern Africa and
Western India helped Portugal establish key
positions along the Indian Ocean.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Vasco Da Gama
Christopher
Columbus
Ferdinand Magellan
Samuel de
Champlain
10
This person helped establish a permanent European
settlement on the island of Hispaniola and facilitated
contact between Europe and the people of what
would become the Americas.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Vasco Da Gama
Christopher
Columbus
Ferdinand Magellan
Samuel de
Champlain
10
This person established the first French
Colony in what would become North America
in Quebec City.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Vasco Da Gama
Christopher
Columbus
Ferdinand Magellan
Samuel de
Champlain
Speed!
10
All of the following is true about
mercantilism EXCEPT
1.
2.
3.
4.
Based on desire of
countries to attain
gold.
Countries need
colonies.
Colonies manufacture
raw materials.
Colonies buy goods
from mother country.
10
Items sent East across the Atlantic as part of
the Colombian Exchange include all of the
following EXCEPT
1.
2.
3.
4.
Bananas
Turkey
Peanuts
Potatoes
10
The Scientific Revolution
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This man was able to prove Copernicus’s
theory of a heliocentric solar system.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Copernicus
Galileo Galilei
Johannes
Kepler
Sir Isaac
Newton
10
This man is famous for his laws of gravity and
motion which explained many aspects of the
physical world.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Copernicus
Galileo Galilei
Johannes
Kepler
Sir Isaac
Newton
10