UAMBL
Unit of Action
Maneuver Battle Lab
Future Combat System
MAJ Rob Barnhill
1
Purpose
To provide an Information Briefing
on the Future Combat System, the
Unit of Action design and the
concepts by which we will fight
these new systems.
Agenda
• Future Operational Environment
• UA Characteristics and
Capabilities
• UA Design and Structure
• Quality of Firsts
• UA Battlespace
• What makes this Force Different
Operational Environment
Doctrine
Tactics
• Access Denial - encompasses
• Hide, Blind, Disperse, Decoy, Hug
strategic preclusion, operational
exclusion and access limitation
• Protect assets from detection
• System Warfare - critical links,
nodes, seams and vulnerabilities to
level the playing field.
• Use complex terrain to degrade
intelligence and reconnaissance
• Trade space & bodies for time
• Oppose access & movement (in
• Opportunistic - primarily defensive CONUS to arrival)
in nature (regionally), but allowing
• Force us to occupy large areas
for offensive maneuver during
• Combined attrition with
periods of opportunity.
information warfare
• Strategic Attack - direct effect on
• Synchronize attacks to maximize
American national will, leadership
stress on US forces
and strategy.
• Use media events to advantage
Future Force Characteristics
III
SOF
Responsive: Embodies time, distance, and sustained
momentum
X
Airborne
X
Light
X
SBCT
III
ACR
X
Mech Inf
X
Armor
X
Air Assault
Deployable: Truly responsive forces must be deployable and
capable of quickly and rapidly concentrating combat power
in an Operational Area.
Agile: Mental and physical agility to transition among the various
types of operations.
Versatile: Inherent capacity of Future Force formations to
dominate at any point of the Spectrum of Military Operations.
Lethal: When Future Force deploys, every element in the
Warfighting formation is capable of generating combat
power contributing to the fight.
Survivable: Objective Force takes advantage of technologies
that provide maximum protection of the soldier level on or off the
platforms.
Sustainable: Reduce logistics footprint and replenishment
demand.
UA Required Capabilities
•
Transportable by C130-like aircraft
• UA deploy in 96 Hours—with ability to Fight on
Arrival
• Battle Command on the Move
• C4ISR (Battle Command) Network
• Networked Army and Joint Fires
UA
• Overmatch in all Conditions/Environments
• Soldiers and Platforms Leverage Active and
Passive Force Protection Systems
• Reduced Sustainment Requirements and
Logistic Footprint
• Tactical and Operational Mobility
CLOSE WITH AND DESTROY ENEMY FORCES TO
SEIZE TERRAIN AND DOMINATE THE BATTLEFIELD
Unit of Action Design
UA
2550
V
HHC
BIC
110
91
190
3 x 572
HHC
RECON
88
62
MCS
INF
34
2 x 37
2 x 157
NLOS
FSB
177
266
Family of Future Combat Systems
• Soldiers remain the centerpiece of FCS
• More important than machines; soldiers win wars,
not machines.
• The Soldier is a platform
• Tied into the Network
• Unmanned technology enhances operations
• Armed with increased situational awareness
• Knowledge based Battle Command
• Physically and psychologically prepared for
non-contiguous warfare
• Full spectrum live and virtual training in
multi-disciplined skills
Family of Future Combat Systems
Infantry Carrier Vehicle
 Unmanned Air Platforms
Tube-launched
Class III UAV
Small UAV
 Combat Robots
RAH-66 Comanche
Class I and II
UAVs)
ClassTUAV
IV UAV
 Soldier Robots
MCS - BLOS/LOS
Reconnaissance
and Surveillance
NLOS Cannon
C2V
Armed Reconnaissance
Mortar
Medical Treatment / Evac
ICV
NLOS Launch Systems
Conceptual Framework
ENTRY OPERATIONS
ACTIONS BEFORE FORCES ARE JOINED
•
•
•
•
Develops Situation out of contact
Decides When / Where to fight
Sets conditions
Maneuvers to position of advantage
SEE FIRST
UNDERSTAND FIRST
ACT FIRST
FINISH DECISIVELY
ACTIONS DURING CONTACT
• Initiates decisive combat at chosen time/place
• Continues to develop the situation in contact
• Continues to integrate RSTA, maneuver, fires, and the network
TACTICAL ASSAULT
• Notion of close combat has expanded, but still must retain capability to
close with and destroy the enemy through assault
TRANSITIONS
Transition to next
engagement
See First
See the parts:
• Detect
• Identify
• Track
See the Whole:
• Aggregate
• Fuse
See Environment:
• Terrain
• Weather
• Population
Key Enablers:
• Combat Identification
• Reconnaissance
• Organic sensors (robotic, multispectral and disposable)
• UAV
• Embedded platform C4ISR
• Sensor fusion
• Global Information Grid
• Joint C4ISR network
• Leader training
• Real-time mapping
• Inter-agency coordination
Force enemy to see last. Blind him through obscurants, deception, jamming,
Pattern avoidance, signature reduction and counter-sensor operations.
Understand First
See the pattern:
• Concept of operations
• Scheme of maneuver
• Centers of gravity
• Decisive points
• Vulnerabilities
See the next several moves:
• Enemy intent
• Where he will go
• ID likely methods
• Action/reaction/counteraction
Key Enablers:
• Pattern analysis & recognition
•
•
•
•
•
Experienced based judgment
Knowledge focused
On demand collaboration
Layered, redundant sensors
Reconnaissance by action to
compel a response
• Force enemy to reveal intent
Force enemy to understand last by employing deception, pattern
Avoidancce and usage of irregular battlefield geometry
Act First
Platform:
• Acquire
• Shoot
• Move
• Reengage
Unit:
• Determine options
• Decide first
• Act to force reaction
• Synch fires and maneuver
• Establish area of influence
• Shape, synch, and then
transition to assault
Key Enablers:
• Situational awareness of red/blue
• Embedded organizational C4ISR
• Enhanced clearance of fires
• Sensor-decided-shooter links
• Advanced weapons control
• Enhanced communications
• Battle Command Network
• Intent centric not plan centric
• GIG and Joint reach capability
• In stride obstacle/mine detection
• Organic LOS, BLOS and NLOS
• Enhanced survivability
• UE, Army and Joint fires
Force enemy to act last or wrong. Deny enemy action by deception,
remotely emplacing obstacles, preemptive and immediate counterfire.
Jam his computers, automation and weapons control equipment
Finish Decisively
Finish by:
• Destroy enemy ability to fight
• Eliminate freedom of action
• Exploit success
• Conduct close combat
• Transition to assault
• Follow through to enemy
destruction
Key Enablers:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
• No tactical pause
• Focus on “Profitable Fight”
• Block moves to sanctuary
Tactical overmatch
Organic LOS/BLOS/NLOS fires
Organic non-lethal fires
Situational Awareness of Red and Blue
Global information grid and Joint C4ISR network
Scaleable integrated Joint fires and effects
Capable of independent action
Vertical maneuver
All forms of Offense
- Exploitation
- Pursuit
Sustainment for 3 days high optempo
Campaign qualities
Mobility
Assault: Mounted, Dismounted, Mounted sptd by
Dismounted, Dismounted sptd by Mounted
• Mission staging of maneuver sustainment
• Disrupt communications
• Remotely placed obstacles
• Logistics efficiency
Integrated Concepts
Joint Interoperability
Information Assurance
Situational Awareness
Common Operating Picture
Battle Command on the Move
Information Fusion
A2C2
Combat Identification
Communications/Info System
Distributive Information Database
Sensor Fusion
Surveillance and Recon
Layered Sensors
UAV Echelons
Air Assault
Unmanned Ground Vehicles
Air/Ground Integration
Manned/Unmanned Teaming
Networked Fires
BLOS
Mutual Support
Cooperative Engagement
Point and Shoot
Non-Lethal Effects
Air and Missile Defense
Assured Mobility
Survivability
CBRN
Transportability
Sustainability/Reliability
Sustainment Distribution
Maneuver Sustainment
Medical
Battlespace by Echelon
Area of Influence: A geographical area in which a
commander can directly influence operations by
maneuver or fire support system normally under the
commander’s command or control. Areas of influence
surround and include the associated AO.
Area of Influence
Approximate Area of Interest
Plt
8 km r
16 km r
Co
16 km r
30 km r
Bn
30 km r
75 km r
Bde
75 km r
150 km r
Deployment
Alert
Ports of
Embarkation
Marshall
Move to POE
Air Movement
Sea Movement
Entry Operations
Decisive Operations
CONUS
SEALIFT
PREP
O
ENROUTE REHEARSAL
AND MISSION
PLANNING
Sustain
Theater
CINC
Time
AO
X
CBT
TSC
Ports of
Debarkation
• Minimal prep time required from alert to deploy
• More deployable with reduced tonnage
• Insert into austere theater through multiple unimproved entry points without
relying on fixed ports and staging bases
• UA deploys anywhere in the world in 96 hours after liftoff, a warfighting
division on the ground in 120 hours, and five divisions in theater in 30 days
• Deploy by air, ground or sea in support of early and forcible entry operations
• Immediately employ using vertical and horizontal maneuver without
undergoing reception and staging
• Self-sustain operations for 3 to 7 days upon arrival. UA sustained by UE2
Support Force
BE DECISIVE
EARLIER
Joint Interoperability
ISR Aircraft
OBJ GOLD
SPOD
MARFOR
UA
ARFOR
(UE)
UA
ARFOR
(UE)
Coalition
Forces
BCT
EECP
JTF HQ
Integrated
Network
C4ISR Enablers
U2R
ACS
RJ
UE
ACS
•SIGINT
•IMINT
•MASINT
•HUMINT
JSTARS •Counterintelligence
Knowledge Centers
DCGS-A
UA (X)
UA (X)
CA Bn
CA Bn
HUMINT
UA Co
UA Home Sta.
Support Node
UA Co
Robotics
UA Co
CIA
CI
UA Co
Robotics
Robotics
Robotics
Enables
•
•
Rapid, Leader-Centric Tactical Decisions
Independent, Combined Arms Maneuver
▪ Real-Time Common Operating Picture
▪ Actionable Information at Lowest Level
Layered Sensors
ACS
U2R
COP via
the DIDb
Comanche
Class III UAV
Class IV
Class II
UAV
Class I
UAV
UGS
ARV
UAV Capability Chart
System
Echelon
Opn’l
Radius
On Station
Time
Operating
Altitude
Allocation
UAV (CL I)
Plt-Co
(54 Units)
8 km (T)
16 km (O)
50 min (T)
90 min (O)
UAV (CL II)
Plt-Bn
(36 Units)
16 km (T)
30 km (O)
2 hours (T)
5 hours (O)
1,000 ft AGL
11,000 ft MSL
3 x INF Co
1 x MCS Plt
UAV (CL III)
Bn
(12 Units)
40 km (O)
6 hours (O)
2,000 ft AGL
12,000 ft MSL
3 x Recon Co
3 x NLOS Bn
UAV (CL IV)
Bde
(8 Systems)
75 km (T)
400 km (O)
5 hours (O)
12 hours (T)
6,500 ft AGL
16,500 ft MSL
8 x AVN Bn
500 ft AGL
10,500 ft MSL
1 x INF Plt
3 x Recon Plt
1 x NLOS Plt
1 x FSB Co
Battle Command on the Move
3
CBT
3-5 km
• Battle Command with actionable
information
Class IV UAV
• Unprecedented opportunity to
understand enemy and environment
• Collaborative planning and virtual
rehearsals on the move
BCOTM
Class II
UAV
2
CBT
BCOTM
3
CBT
4-6 km
Class II UAV
2
CBT
Sensor to shooter
Networked Fires
1. Comanche identifies enemy
systems; transmits sensor data
through networked fires
application
Class III UAV confirms BDA: TARGETS
DESTROYED
FIRE MISSION
ACCEPTED
2. Network determines shooter
and transmits firing data to
NLOS systems; establishes
sensor to shooter link
FIRE MISSION
ACCEPTED
3. Common Operational
picture instantaneously
disseminates enemy location to
all Blue systems.
Survivability
• Protect the individual soldier from ballistic, flame, thermal,
Chemical/Biological, and electromagnetic effects
• Active and Passive ballistic protection systems
• Long-range acquisition with assured first round kill
• Highly responsive suppression and obscuration fires
• Signature management degrades detection and targeting
• Superior dash speed from cover to cover
• ‘Avenge’ kill capability
• Embedded standoff sensor/detector for CBRN hazards
• Counter-reconnaissance effort to blind enemy ISR
• Hardened from Directed Energy weapons
• Employ multi-purpose robots to perform manpower intensive
and high-risk functions
• Standoff means to detect and neutralize mines, demolitions
and booby traps
Non-Lethal Effects
Non-lethal effects minimize mass physical destruction of
people, materiel, infrastructure, and the environment, thus
effectively enhancing friendly maneuver operations. NonLethal effects are delivered by LOS, BLOS, and NLOS;
manned/unmanned systems. The use of non-lethal
capabilities provides leaders a means to influence the actions
of enemies and civilians/other non-combatants when
minimizing collateral damage and undesired casualties.
Incapacitate, suppress, disperse or engage personnel, places
Deny vehicles and personnel access to, use of, or movement
through a particular area/point
Alter terrain/environmental conditions to favor “blue”
Influence actions of others
Separate combatants and non-combatants
Bottom Line
• FCS is the Army’s future full spectrum force
• Not just a “more better” tank
• New doctrine and tactics enabled by technology
• Revolutionary increases in application of information
• Combat units will:
 conduct simultaneous distributed operations
 develop situation out of contact
 maneuver to positions of advantage
 engage enemy beyond range of their weapon
 destroy him with precision fires
 at the times and place of our choosing
Questions?
MAJ Rob Barnhill
Unit of Action Battle Lab
Fort Knox, KY 40121
(502) 624-1733
Robert.Barnhill@knox.army.mil
RAH-66 Comanche