 Current president:
 James Madison (1809-1817)
 Democratic-Republican
 Virginia
Impact of the Industrial
Revolution
 What is it?
 Social & Economic reorganization which took place as
machines replaced hand tools and large scale factory
production developed.
Effects on the North
Effects on the South
Industrializes
Cotton is King
Boom of textiles and factory
mills
Eli Whitney invents the
cotton gin
Farm only what is needed 
no real need for slavery
Slavery population increases
The Push for Internal
Improvements
 Why the need for change?
 Causes of Industrial Revolution
 British Blockade 
 Embargo Act 1807 
 Increase in Self Reliance 
 Increase in Factories / Industrial Revolution
 Original plan proposed by Madison
 Promoted by Clay & Calhoun
 Had 3 main Points
 Development transportation systems
 Establish protective tariffs
 Resurrect National Bank
 National Road
 Maryland to Illinois
 Constructed began in
1811
 Eventually became
Transcontinental Highway
 Erie Canal
 Essentially connected
Atlantic Ocean to Great
Lakes
 Paid off in 12 years!
 Americans producing more goods due to:
 Embargo Act & War of 1812
 Why?
 Foreign Goods being sold at a cheaper price!
 Therefore, Tariff of 1816
 Tax on all foreign goods
 Promotes the sale of American goods
 Popular in North; South needs convincing
 Why?
 Weakened under Jefferson: Why?
 Creation of 2nd Bank of the Unites States (BUS)
 Make currency excepted nationwide
 James Monroe
 1817-1825
 Democratic – Republic
 Virginia
Nationalism

Belief that national interest should be placed before regional
concerns or interests

Supreme Court

Hands down rulings in favor of Federal government

Strengthens federal government

John Marshall
 Chief Justice of Supreme Court

Department of State

Develops a Foreign policy advocating nationalism
Supreme Court’s Role

Ogden v. Gibbons

Dispute over use of steamboat service between NY &
NJ

Federal government has authority over interstate
activities (commerce, travel, tv, etc)

McCulloch v. Maryland

Maryland taxed branch of BUS

Did not want the states to be “over-turning laws made
by congress”
Dept. of State’s Role

John Q. Adams
 Sec. of State
Policy
Effect
Rush-Bagot treaty (1817)
US & GB demilitarized common
border
Convention of 1818
Border at the 49th parallel up to
the Rocky Mts.
Adams-Onis Treaty
Spain ceded Florida
Monroe Doctrine

Cause:

Spain & Portugal looking to regain lost colonies

Russia looking to expand influence

Effect:

Monroe issues statement to world via address to
Congress

Any action by outside powers would be consider
“dangerous to our peace and safety”.
Sectionalism
 Placing the interests of one’s own region ahead of the interests
of the nation as a whole
Missouri Compromise 1820

As of 1818, Union had 10 free & 10 slave states

South wanted Missouri admitted as slave to preserve balance of
power in congress

Henry Clay proposed compromise

Division at 36’30
1.
Everything North Shall be admitted as free state
2.
Everything South Shall be slave state
3.
Missouri shall be admitted as slave state