MAKS 2013, Moscow
29 th August 2013
Johan Martensson
Network Manager Directorate, EUROCONTROL
The European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation

1
2
3
4
• Introduction
• Deployment & Regulations
• Performance Analysis
• Next steps
2

 Wide Area Multilateration (WAM)
 Ground Surveillance Applications (ADS-B Out)
 Enhanced ATS in Non-Radar areas (NRA)
 Enhanced ATS in Radar areas (RAD)
 Airport Surface Surveillance (APT)
 Aircraft derived data (ADD)
2010 IOC
ADS-B
Receiver
 Airborne Surveillance Applications (ADS-B In ATSAW)
 Enhanced TSA during Flight operations (AIRB)
 In Trail Procedure (ITP)
 Visual separation on approach (VSA)
2011 IOC
 Enhanced TSA for Surface operations (SURF)
ATS
– Air Traffic Services
TSA
– Traffic Situation Awareness
 Interval Management (FIM - ADS-B In Spacing)
3

• More than a decade of intensive international co-operation
• ANSPs/Airspace Users/Industry/Regulators
• Common Standards for Operations and Systems
• Completed for
• ADS-B Out
• ADS-B In: Traffic Situation Awareness in the cockpit
• Ongoing for
• ADS-B In: Spacing, Separation, Alerting
• Aligned Certification material
• Civil-Military interoperability
• Reduction of exemptions for State aircraft
• Provisions for military in SES Regulations
• Rationalisation of CNS infrastructure
• Exchange of functional performance assessment results
• Guidance to implementers
• Great contribution to global interoperability and cost-efficiency
4

1
2
3
4
• Introduction
• Deployment & Regulations
• Performance Analysis
• Next steps
5

Pioneer Phase
Voluntary implementation in wider areas
New equipage
Avionics: EASA AMC20-24 and later EASA CS-ACNS
Pioneer Phase Mandate Phase
EU Regulation 1207/2011
Voluntary implementation in pocket areas
Certified existing equipage
Avionics:
EASA AMC20-24
2015 2017
Forward-fit Retro-fit
2019
State a/c
IR based implementation in wider areas
Upgraded equipage
Avionics:
EASA CS-ACNS
WAM / ADS-B Ground system Deployment
6

European Commission Single European Sky
Surveillance Performance & Interoperability
Implementing Rule
(SPI IR)
● All aircraft flying IFR/GAT
● Mode S ELS
● Aircraft flying IFR/GAT >5700 kg or >250kts TAS
● ADS-B Out & Mode S EHS
● Option for ADS-B specific airspace mandate
● Mandate dates
● Forward fit
● Retrofit
8 Jan 2015
7 Dec 2017
● Provisions for State a/c (Article 8)
● 7 Dec 2017 (Mode S ELS)
● 1 Jan 2019 (Mode S EHS and ADS-B for transport-type aircraft)

• 322 Mode S radars
• 12 new applications (not included)
8

Legend
Dates
ADS-B current equipage
ADS-B updated avionics
WAM with ADS-B capabilities
ADS-B and WAM
Opportunities
System Deployment
D = Deployed
Austria
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Cyprus
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Iceland
Italy
Latvia
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
Romania
Spain
Sweden
UK

Two certification baselines:
AMC 20-24
Legacy ADS-B Out installations are generally compliant to AMC20-24
Several configurations are Certified
Currently used in Operations
Short term implementation in lower density airspace
CS-ACNS – compliance means for EU Regulation 1207/2011
Avionics upgrade required (currently limited availability)
Support high density surveillance
Recommended (future) implementation baseline

GNSS
(E)TSO-C129a (DO208)
(E)TSO-C145/146 (DO229D)
(E)TSO-C196 (DO316)
Transponder
(E)TSO-C166b
(ED102A/DO260B)
(E)TSO-C112d
(ED73E/DO181E)

Europe 1207/2011(Draft CS-ACNS)
≈
US 14 CFR 91.227(AC20-165A)
Applicability
1207/2011
Aircraft related
91.227
Airspace related
ADS-B Out Protocol Identical (ED-102A / DO-260B, 1090ES v2)
91.227 allows for UAT below 18 000ft
Antenna Diversity Required
Position source ETSO-C129a/196/145/146
+ additional requirements
Required, bottom-mounted allowed for A1S,B1S
NIC=7(0.2NM), NACp=8(0.05NM),
NACv=1(10m/s), SIL=3, SDA=2
ETSO-C129()/196/145/146 *
+ additional requirements
Data items
* In practice, higher end receivers (145/146) will likely be required to meet the US rule with satisfactory availability
Same baseline +
Vertical rate, GPS antenna offset, Selected Altitude,
Barometric Pressure Setting
Same baseline +
ADS-B In Capability

• First ATSAW certified aircraft delivered June 2011
• First ATSAW Operations by Swiss 7 Feb 2012
• 5000+ flights performed so far
Aircraft
Type
ADS-B IN installation type Number of
Aircraft
B767 EFB Class 3
A330 Integrated display system
3
16
A330 EFB Class 3
Total
5
24
• Other operators are ordering ADS-B In for new a/c
Pioneer operators

1
2
3
4
• Introduction
• Deployment & Regulations
• Performance Analysis
• Next steps
15

• Surveillance functions are moving to the aircraft
• Cooperative surveillance: Mode A/C >> Mode S >> ADS-B
• More information is provided by the airborne sub-system
• Surveillance performance is more dependent on the airborne sub-system
 Increasing need for air-ground & air-air interoperability
• Airborne surveillance sub-system is becoming more complex
• More functions
• Increasing number of interfaces with avionics
 Increasing need for inter-avionics equipment interoperability
16

13300 ADS-B aircraft in the Database
19 billion ADS-B reports
Continuous monitoring
International co-ordination
17

1
2
3
4
• Introduction
• Deployment & Regulations
• Performance Analysis
• Next steps
18

• Composite ADS-B and WAM surveillance system specification
• Surveillance services from a single equipment network architecture
• New system specification for combined systems (ED-nnn)
• Updated ADS-B & WAM system specifications
(ED-129 & ED-142)
• Generic Surveillance (GEN-SUR) - SPR & PSC
• Guidance to address safety requirements in EC Regulation
1207/2011 – Safety assessment for all Surveillance systems
• Combining surveillance techniques (ADS-B, Radar, WAM) at functional a level

• Global coverage of ADS-B Out
• excluding higher density areas
• Several studies
• One consortium (Aireon) with firm deployment plans
• Objective to support 15-15 NM Separation
• 66 LEO satellites
(Iridium NEXT)
• First launch 2015 / Full constellation 2017
• ATM Impact – key areas
• Network Improvement
• Business Case
• Interoperability
• Global coordination will be required

• Proposal to increase the scope of EU Regulation 1207/2011
• No change to existing requirements or dates !
• Objective to cover all aircraft subject to surveillance
• Maximise Surveillance infrastructure rationalisation
• Mitigate airspace infringements and prevent misleading data
• Low cost ADS-B Out [GNSS & Transponder]
• Two initiatives:
• LPSE – Low Power Surveillance Equipment (FAA)
• LPAT – Low Power ADS-B Transceiver (UK)
• Voluntary equipage
• Target low end airspace users, visible for Situation Awareness but not for ATC separation services
• Mitigate airspace infringements and prevent misleading data

• Flight Deck Interval Management (FIM)
• Speed guidance to achieve precise interval spacing between aircraft
• Step 1: MOPS & SPR target end 2014
• Step 2: tbd
• Traffic Situation Awareness with Alerts (TSAA)
• ADS-B based collision avoidance system for aircraft without ACAS II
• At the “traffic advisory” level, i.e. no coordination or resolution advisories
• MOPS & SPR target end 2013
• CDTI Assisted Visual Separation on Approach (CAVS)
• After initial visual contact - allow Own Visual Separation where the
Display replaces visual contact
• MOPS & SPR target end 2013

• Flight plan indications for ADS-B
• Proposal to introduce means to indicate specific ADS-B Out and ADS-B In capabilities in the ICAO flight plan
• FPL 2012 indications as baseline
• Expanding through the SUR/ indicator in Item 18
• ACAS improvements
• Hybrid ACAS – reduced RF though passive use of ADS-B
• ACAS X – Improved ACAS, backwards compatible, with application adjusted logic
• Improved data link for Surveillance
• 1090 MHz increased bandwidth through phase modulation
• Future data link studies

Surveillance standards and
Regulations published
Airborne & Ground
Deployment ongoing
Global
Interoperability
New
Application
Development ongoing

…
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Airborne Surveillance – ADS-B In
Voluntary benefit driven implementation
Airborne Safety net – ACAS II v7.1 – IR driven
EC IR 1332/2011 ICAO Forward-fit v7.1
EUR Forward-fit v7.1
EUR Retro-fit v7.1
…
Air / Ground Interface – Mode S & ADS-B Out – IR driven
Aircraft operators
EC IR 1207/2011
Forward-fit
ELS / EHS / ADS-B
NPA 2012-19 -> CS-ACNS
Retro-fit
ELS / EHS / ADS-B
Mil. a/c
ELS
Mil.Trp.a/c
EHS / ADS-B
EC IR 1206/2011
Service providers
Systems ready for Aircraft ID as identification means
Ground Surveillance – ADS-B Out / Mode S / WAM
Most appropriate & efficient surveillance solution for the particular environment

EU IR 1207/2011 – Mode S & ADS-B Out
(v2)
• All IFR/GAT aircraft
• Mode S ELS
• IFR/GAT aircraft >5700kg or >250kts TAS
• ADS-B Out
• Fixed wing IFR/GAT aircraft >5700kg or >250kts TAS
• Mode S EHS
ANSPs
• Most efficient solution
•
Possibility for local mandates
EU IR 1332/2011 – ACAS II v7.1
• Turbine-powered aeroplanes > 5 700 kg or > 19 passengers
• ACAS II v7.1
Also applies to aircraft which will be equipped on a voluntary basis
Does not apply to unmanned aircraft systems
Timeline
Regional Mode S mandates
TCAS v7.1 Fwd
1 Mar 2012
Earlier 2012 2013
ADS-B/ELS/EHS Fwd
8 Jan 2015
2014
TCAS v7.1 Rtr
1 Dec 2015
2015 2016
ADS-B/ELS/EHS Rtr
+ ELS Mil. a/c
7 dec 2017
ADS-B/EHS Mil. Trp. a/c
1 Jan 2019
2017 2018
Ground systems ACID ready
2 Jan 2020 (EU IR 1206/2011)
2019 2020 Later

• ADS-B Out
• Annex 10 Volume IV
(Current Amdt 85, next version: v2 ES 1207/2011)
• Mode S Services on ES (Doc 9871 ed2, 2012)
• ADS-B In [AIRB, ITP, SURF, VSA] + [IM, CAVS, CAPP, TSAA] +…
• PANS-OPS (Doc 8168) to include A/C Operating Procedures
• Airborne Surveillance Manual (Draft Doc 9994, ASTAF)
• ITP (SASP and ASTAF)
• PANS-ATM (Doc 4444) ITP Circular (Draft)
• Mode S & ACAS II
• Annex 10 Volume III & IV
• Mode S Services on ES (Doc 9871 ed2, 2012)
• ACAS Manual (Doc 9863 ed2, 2012)
SASP - Separation and Airspace Safety Panel
ASTAF - Airborne Surveillance Task Force

• Equipment certification:
• ADS-B Out
• ADS-B In
• ACAS II
• Mode S
ETSO-C166b
(Jul 2012)* + ETSO-C129a / ETSO-C145c/146c / ETSO-196a
ETSO-C195a
(Jul 2012),
TCAS hybrid sur. ETSO-C119c
(Dec 2009)
ETSO-C119c
(Dec 2009)
ETSO-C112d
(to be issued)
• Airworthiness Approval
• ADS-B Out: CS-ACNS
(NPA 2012-19, expected Q2 2013)
(AC20-165A
(Nov 2012)
)
• ADS-B In:
CRI (Certification Review Item), Tbd EASA Certification Memo
(AC20-172A
(Mar 2012)
)
• Mode S &
ACAS II
CS-ACNS
(NPA 2012-19, expected Q2 2013) ,
JAA TGL13 Rev1
(June 2003) ,
AMC20-13
(Dec 2006)
(AC20-131A, AC20-151A)
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Parameter
ICAO 24 bit address
Aircraft identification
Mode A code (incl. disabling function)
Special position indication (SPI or IDENT)
Emergency status (incl. emgy indication)
Barometric Pressure altitude (incl NICbaro)
ADS-B version number
Horizontal position (incl. NIC, NACp, SDA & SIL)
Horizontal Velocity (E/W,N/S & Hdg/Trk gnd, HRD, NACv)
Geometric Altitude (HAE) (incl. GVA)
ADS-B Emitter category
Aircraft length and width
GNSS antenna offset
Vertical rate (Hybrid, Baro, Baro-inertial or GNSS)
Selected Altitude (MCP/FCU incl status)
Selected Heading
Barometric pressure setting
ACAS traffic status (incl. RA active (TCAS II) etc)
ACAS installed & operating RA capable (TCAS II)
ADS-B In capability installed
1207/2011 (Draft CS-ACNS) AMC 20-24 § 91.227 (AC20-165A)
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory, ≥ 2
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory*
If available
If available
If available
If available
-
-
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory*
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory*
Recommended
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory, ≥ 2
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Recommended
Recommended
Optional
Optional
-
If TCAS II installed
If TCAS II installed
If installed .

Parameter
ICAO 24 bit address
Aircraft identification
Mode A code
Special position indication (SPI or IDENT)
Emergency status (incl. Mode A codes)
Barometric Pressure altitude
Level 2 SI Code capable
Flight Status (Air/Gnd)
Data link capability report (ACAS, Mode S, ES, SI,…)
ACAS traffic status (incl. RA active (TCAS II) etc)
Horizontal Velocity (Ground speed)
Vertical rate
Selected Altitude (MCP/FCU incl status)
Barometric pressure setting
Roll Angle
True Track Angle
Indicated Airspeed (IAS) or Mach
Magnetic Heading
Track Angle Rate (or true airspeed if “TAR” not available)
ELS
1207/2011 (Draft CS-ACNS)
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
If TCAS II installed
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
EHS
1207/2011 (Draft CS-ACNS)
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
If TCAS II installed
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory

• TMA around secondary airports with increasing traffic (e.g. low-cost carriers)
• No Surveillance coverage
• Reduced efficiency (sub-optimal routing, holdings etc.)
-> estimate 2-3 mins per a/c
-> enabling of PBN (Kos/Greece as a pilot case)
• If there are predominant carriers, current
ADS-B technology could be used
• If there is mixed fleet, WAM could be an alternative (typically higher cost than
ADS-B as it includes multiple stations but still lower than radar)
32

● Future Radar decommissioning
● Cost avoidance (ADS-B/WAM cost is significantly lower)
● Assessed with UK NATS (Mode
S radar replacement)
● WAM can be used now
● ADS-B requires the SPI IR functionality (dates 2015-2017)
● Clause for ANSP efficiency
● IR 1207/2011 extension?
● Incentives (e.g. low-end)?
33

User
Group
ACAS X
A
Current TCAS II users (large aircraft)
ACAS X
O
Users of specific operations
(e.g., CSPO,
Formation Flights,
ASAS Operations)
Surveillance
Technology
Active radar supplemented with passive
Active radar supplemented with passive
Advisories
Same as current TCAS II
Procedure-specific alerts for selected aircraft, global alerting against all others
ACAS X
P
General aviation Passive only
ACAS X
U
Unmanned aircraft
Potentially radar,
EO/IR, etc.
Reduced advisory set
Vertical and horizontal advisories

Exemption provisions:
● Mode S EHS only (specific architectures)
Generic exemption provisions:
● Article 14 para 4 and 5
European Commission Single European Sky
Surveillance Performance & Interoperability
Implementing Rule
(SPI IR)
INCENTIVES:
● At this stage not anticipated for AOC holders