Vaccine Supply Update –
UNICEF’s role at global level
UNICEF Supply Division
GMMM Geneva, Switzerland
15-17 March 2011
The procurement of vaccines and related supplies is UNICEF's largest
procurement activity, conducted on behalf of 80 – 100 countries annually
2010:
Immunization Supplies: US$
750m 2.53 billion doses 1,769 shipments
Immunization Supplies
Vaccines
BCG , DTP, TT/Td/DT,
Measles containing, OPV,
HepB, YF, DTP-HepB, DTPHepB/Hib, DTP/Hib, Hib, MR,
Meningitis, MMR, IPV,
Pneumo, etc.
Safe Injection equipment
Cold Chain Equipment
Countries UNICEF
procures on behalf of
All Vaccines
Part of the Vaccines
Source: 2010 vaccine database, UNICEF
UNICEF annual vaccine procurement has increased five fold since 2000 supporting UNICEF Programmes and on behalf of Partners, Global
Programmes, Governments and NGO’s
UNICEF SD Annual procurement value of vaccines, in million USD
$900
$800
$700
$600
$500
$400
$300
$200
$100
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
$0
The arrows indicate the main programme drivers for the increased procurement value.
Source UNICEF Supply Division
UNICEF vaccine procurement values on behalf of governments and
partners are increasing
$900,000,000
$800,000,000
$700,000,000
$600,000,000
GAVI
48%
$500,000,000
$400,000,000
Procurement
Services
33%
$300,000,000
$200,000,000
UNICE F
Programme
19%
$100,000,000
$0
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
PROG
PS
GAVI falls under procurement services but is highlighted separately to show the overall portion of GAVI funded procurement
Source UNICEF Supply Division
Major vaccine group volumes by year (2005-2010), in doses
Procurement Volume in dose
OPV has been # 1 in terms of the
procurement volume.
3,500,000,000
3,000,000,000
2,500,000,000
2,000,000,000
1,500,000,000
1,000,000,000
500,000,000
0
2005
BCG
DTP-HepB/Hib
2006
2007
MEASLES
Source: UNICEF Supply Division
MENING
2008
OPV
2009
TT
YF
2010
Others
Procurement volume in 2010
• OPV: 1,885 million doses
• Measles: 169 million doses
• TT: 130 million doses
• BCG: 106 million doses
• DTP-HepB/Hib: 98 million doses
• Yellow Fever: 35 million doses
• Meningitis: 23 million doses
UNICEF’s procurement strategies are focused on achieving
Vaccine Security, acknowledging the different forces in the
individual markets
The Vaccine Procurement Principles, implemented following the supply
crisis in the traditional vaccine markets, are valid for all vaccine markets
to ensure a healthy market
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
A healthy industry is vital to ensure uninterrupted and sustainable supply of
vaccines
Procurement from multiple suppliers for each vaccine presentation
Procurement from manufacturers in developing countries and industrialized
countries
Paying a price that is affordable to Governments and Donors and a price that
reasonably covers manufacturers minimum requirements
UNICEF should provide manufacturers with accurate and long-term forecasts;
Manufactures should provide UNICEF with accurate and long-term production
plans
As a public buyer, providing grants to manufacturers is not the most effective
method of obtaining capacity increases
The option to quote tiered pricing should be given to manufacturers.
Within Supply, UNICEF activities are focused on 2 core areas to
enhance access and delivery
Vaccine Industry
Market Shaping:
Market Shaping:
Interacting with
Industry;
Establishing the
required supply
Agreements;
Vaccine
Security
Supply Chain Performance
Enhancement
Supporting Local Delivery
Countries
Supporting
Partners,
Strategic Demand
Forecasting &
Financing for
New Vaccine
Introduction
Market Shaping - Global Availability
Supply Chain Performance Enhancement
Market Shaping within a changing landscape
Increasing complexity within procurement as new products become
available
Competition with Industrialised countries for production allocation
Demand reacting to changes and developments in immunization
programmes, vaccine development and Donor support
Country preferences on presentation and formulation
Requires balancing with financial sustainability
Need for increased flexibility on tendering strategies, maintaining long
time horizons and providing for market flexibility
UNICEF Supply Division’s main roles in the immunization supply chain.
Effective forecasting and planning requires supply and logistics be fully
integrated into programme planning.
Data
Analysis
Data analysis
for effective supply
Planning
- Sharing
Price information
Vaccine/Device/
Cold chain Procurement
DB from 1997
Monitoring &
Reporting
Annual
Forecasting
Management of
the global forecasting
Exercise
-Forecast data
from 2003
-Provisional Plan
-Forecasting accuracy
reports
Immunisation
Order
Placement
Supplier
Operational
Follow-ups
Procurement &
Technical guide
Health
Centre
Contracts and
suppliers
management
District/Regional
Cold Chain Storage
Airport
Shipping management
for on-time delivery
Vaccine Arrival Report
Central Cold
Chain Storage
Capacity building for in-country logistics
Cold chain weight & volume calculator
UNICEF procures Measles containing vaccines on behalf of 80-100
countries annually for Routine and Supplementary Immunization Activities
2009:
130,914,370 doses
2010:
173,632,162 doses
Vaccines
Measles-10, MR-10, MMR-1,
MMR-5, MMR-10
Countries UNICEF
procures on behalf of
All Vaccines
Part of the Vaccines
Source: Allocation Table Data UNICEF
Measles containing vaccine procurement through UNICEF largely driven by
supplementary activities
Measles containing vaccine procurement (2002-2010) and forecast (2011-2012), in doses
180,000,000
160,000,000
140,000,000
120,000,000
Measles Routine
Measles Supplementary
100,000,000
MMR-1 Routine
MMR-10 Routine
MMR-10 Supplementary
80,000,000
MMR-5 Routine
MR-10 Routine
60,000,000
MR-10 Supplementary
40,000,000
20,000,000
0
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Source: UNICEF SD Historical Procurement Database and 2011 Forecast
Supplier Market and 2011 WAP prices
 Measles-10:
4 vaccines WHO pre-qualified: 0.24 $ per dose (70% of the vaccine is sourced from 1 supplier)
 MMR-1:
2 vaccines WHO pre-qualified: 1.85 $ per dose
 MMR-5:
1 vaccine WHO pre-qualified: 0.90 $ per dose
 MMR-10:
2 vaccines WHO pre-qualified: 1.183 $ per dose
 MR-10:
2 vaccines WHO pre-qualified: 0.534 $ per dose
MEA-10 WAP per dose
$0.3000
$0.2500
$0.2000
$0.1500
$0.1000
$0.0500
$0.0000
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Source: UNICEF Supply Division
Some facts about vaccine supply
Planning is Key:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Production of a dose: 6 -24 months
Capacity Increase: 2-3 years
New Plant: 5-7 years
Lead time for supply 4-8 weeks + transit time
New regulatory requirements can cause interruptions
Approx. 65 countries require NRA registration
UNICEF requests 20 months shelf life for measles vaccine
Current awards (in doses) based on 2009 forecast
Additional increases in quantities to meet updated demand are possible
but require planning
Year
Vaccine
Mea 10
MR 10
2010
2011
2012
Award Quantity Award Quantity Award Quantity
165,000,000
125,000,000
110,000,000
1,700,000
3,700,000
2,700,000
MMR 1
500,000
250,000
250,000
MMR 5
3,100,000
3,100,000
3,400,000
MMR 10
1,700,000
1,800,000
1,800,000
Source: UNICEF Supply Division
Some facts about vaccine supply
Planning is Key:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Production of a dose: 6 -24 months
Capacity Increase: 2-3 years
New Plant: 5-7 years
Lead time for supply 4-8 weeks + transit time
New regulatory requirements can cause
interruptions
Approx. 65 countries require NRA registration
UNICEF requests 20 months shelf life for
measles vaccine
Current awards 2011-2012 (in doses) based on
2009 forecast
Additional increases in quantities to meet
updated demand are possible but require
planning
Year
2010
2011
2012
Vaccine Award Quantity Award Quantity Award Quantity
Mea 10
165,000,000 125,000,000 110,000,000
MR 10
1,700,000
3,700,000
2,700,000
MMR 1
500,000
250,000
250,000
MMR 5
3,100,000
3,100,000
3,400,000
MMR 10
1,700,000
1,800,000
1,800,000
Source: UNICEF Supply Division
Overview of AD-syringes procurement, 1997-2011*
Current Long Term Arrangements for
all devices are up for re-tendering in
2011
•Helsinki
•Helsingborg
•Barcelona
•Shanghai
Procuring immunization supplies from the
following areas:
•Dubai
•Mumbai
Manufacturers of AD syringes
Manufacturers of Safety Boxes
Sources: UNICEF SD Historical Devices Procurement Database, and September 2010 allocation tables
Measles Campaigns are the Introduction Window for RUP syringes (5ml)
UNICEF SD delivered RUP syringes for Measles campaigns in:
 Peru
 Nigeria
 Burkina Faso
 Chad
Increased supplier base:
There are at present 14 WHO PQS prequalified suppliers (compared to 6
prequalified in Dec 2007)
Two types of RUP syringes available:
• Regular RUP syringes
• RUP syringes with Sharps Injury Prevention feature (SIP) protecting from
needle stick injuries
16
Effective forecasting and planning requires supply and logistics be fully
integrated into programme planning
Consider the
whole supply
chain; it’s
capacity and
the context
Evaluate the capacity to receive and deliver:
• Cold Chain and Logistics Capacity
• Parallel products – integrated campaigns
• Routine and Campaign activities
• Modes of shipment
• Lead times
Thank you!
More information: http://www.unicef.org/supply/index_immunization.html