Sit with your groups!
Group names are on desks!
Racial Tribunal
What you need to do today:
1. Write out your opening statement explaining why you
are not guilty and who your group feels is guilty
2. Explain in detail why you believe another defendant is
guilty.
3. Read over ALL the indictments and come up with
questions to ask when you are cross examining other
defendants.
4. At the end of the trial each person will come out of
their “role” and write a one page paper on who YOU
believe is most guilty for promoting segregation/racism.
1st period quiz
1. What is the difference between ethnicity
and race?
2. Describe white flight.
3. Some that pulls a country together (a
unifying force) is known as _________.
On a scratch piece of paper (to be
turned in)
List group member names from language project
Describe how the work was divided up
List 3 things you learned from the other group
presentations
Get homework out
Ethnicity
• Ethnicity:
• Different from race
• How?
United States
• Numerous ethnicities:
– Hispanics (Latinos)
– African Americans
– Asian
– American Indian
African Americans in the U.S.
Fig. 7-1: The highest percentages of African Americans are in the rural South and in
northern cities.
Hispanic Americans in the U.S.
Fig. 7-2: The highest percentages of Hispanic Americans are in the southwest and
in northern cities.
Asian Americans in the U.S.
Fig. 7-3: The highest percentages of Asian Americans are in Hawaii and California.
Native Americans in the U.S.
Fig. 7-4: The highest percentages of Native Americans are in parts of the plains,
the southwest, and Alaska.
Concentration within cities
• African Americans- cities
• Hispanics- cities
– Los Angeles- ethnic groups clustered in
different areas
• Can be negative
African American Migration
Patterns
• Africa to American colonies
• U.S. South to northern cities
– Most drastic
• Inner city ghettos to urban neighborhoods
Forced Migration
•
•
•
•
Slavery system
Triangular slave trade
Hardships
Freed slaves- sharecroppers
Immigration to the North
• Sharecropping declines
• Industrial cities in the North
• Two waves:
– 1910’s-1920’s
– 1930’s-1940’s
Ethnicity and Race
• No biological classification by race
– Racism
– Ethnicity- derives from features of a particular
place on Earth
– Geographers- study distribution of skin color
• Society element
Race in the U.S.
•
Rosa Parks
Genetic mixing is so
common and complete that
most geographers dismiss
race as a category since it
can not be clearly tied to
place.
Japan Town, San Francisco, 1910
Dogs Used to Control Protestors, 1957
What are some genetically inherited traits
that are usually not associated with race.
Why do you think these traits aren’t used
to define race, and skin color so often is?
Race in the U.S.
• 14 races on U.S. Census Bureau
– White
– African American
– American Indian
– Asian Indian
– Chinese
– Filipino
– Japanese
– Etc.
Separate but Equal
• Patterns of spatial interaction
• Plessey v. Ferguson
– Jim Crow Laws
White Flight
• Brown v. Board
• Whites fled led to expansion of black
ghettos
• Detroit
• Blockbusting- housing
Division by Race in South Africa
• Apartheid- physical separation of different
races into different geographic areas
Apartheid
•
•
•
•
•
White, Colored, Asian, Black
Each had different legal status
Created by Dutch
Homelands for blacks
White minority
Apartheid
•
•
•
•
Repealed apartheid 1991
Nelson Mandela
Governed by black majority
Blacks achieved political equality but not
economic
View of the Center City from Lion’s
Head Mountain
Fransschoek, Wine Country
1. What is ethnic cleansing?
2. Define Balkinazation.
3. What is nationality?
Lions Head Mountain
Table Top Mountain
On Top of Lion’s Head
Get homework out.
Prepare for Reading Quiz
• Nationality
– Legal attachment
– Personal allegiance to a particular country
Nation-States
• Ethnic groups transform into nationalities
– Preserve cultural characteristics
– self-determination
– Nation-state:
Nationalism
– Mass media
– Symbols
– songs
• Sometimes negative:
• Centripetal force
• Centrifugal force
Multi-national states
• 2 or more nationalities with traditions of
self-determination
• United Kingdom
– 4 nationalities: England, Scotland, Wales, and
Northern Ireland
– Ethnic differences but very different historical
experiences
– MAIN national distinction: SPORTS
Russia: Largest Multinational state
• 39 nationalities
• Balkanization:
– State breaks down through conflicts among its
ethnicities
– Threat to peace throughout world
– Led to WWI, WWII
What is ethnic cleansing?
• More powerful ethnic groups forcibly
remove less powerful ones in order to
create an ethnically homogenous region
• ETHNIC CHART
Why do Ethnicities Clash?
• Ethnic competition to dominate nationality
• Sudan:
– b/t black Christians, animist rebels, and Muslims
– Resistance to turn country into multi-ethnic society
tied to Muslim traditions
– Separation of sexes
– 2 million Sudanese died in civil war
– 1 million forced to migrate
– 6 years long,
A Genocide Foretold
1. Who started the 1st 21st century genocide?
2. What mineral resource is the country of Sudan
rich in?
3. What challenges does Sudan face as a
country?
4. What caused these problems?
5. How did the war in Sudan start?
6. At the time that the article was written, how
was the Sudanese President viewing the
conflict in his country? Why is he rejecting
elections in the country?
• http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.ph
p?storyId=101387447
Why do ethnicities clash?
• Somalia
– Most are Sunni Muslims
– Six major ethnic groups, divided into clans,
and subclans
– Collapse of national govt. clans claimed
control
– Controlled by Islamist militants (Shabab)
Ethnic competitions
• Lebanon:
– Fighting among religions factions
– Most are Christian or Muslims
– Civil war 1975
– U.S. sent troops in 1983 but pulled out after
241 died
Ethnic Cleansing
• Yugoslavia:
– Creation of multi-ethnic Yugoslavia
• ethnic diversity
– Destruction of multi-ethnic state
• five separate countries, ethnicities fought to
redefine boundaries
– Bosnia:
• E.C. by Serbs against Muslims
• One continuous Serb domination
•
• Ethnic cleansing in Kosvo
– Break up of Yugoslavia: Serbia took control of
Kosvo
– Ethnic cleansing of Albanian majority
– U.S. launched air attack on Serbia
– Serbia agreed to withdrawal troops from
Kosovo
Ethnic cleansing in Central Africa
• Hutus- settled farmers in present day
Rwanda
• Tutsis- cattle herders migrated to Rwanda
• Tutsis took control of kingdom of Rwanda
and turned the Hutu into serfs
• Rwanda controlled my Germany and
Belgium
• Rwanda gained independence in 1962
• Hutus killed most of Tutsis
• 1994 airplane carrying president of
Rwanda shot down by Tutsis
• Tutsis children killed half0million Hutus
• Hutus fled to Zaire, Tanzania, Uganda
• Fighting spilled over into Congo
• Why does ethnic cleansing continue to
happen? What can we do to prevent it?