WritingRubricVocab
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allusion Definition: a reference to something with which the reader is likely familiar, such as a person, place or event from history or literature. Synonyms: indirect, imply Antonym: direct, to the point Sentence: “Follow the yellow Brick road” is an allusion to the Wizard of Oz. Etymology: 1548, Late Latin Part of speech: noun 1 argument or persuasive writing Definition – writing that attempts to prove something is true or convince the reader to adopt the same viewpoint Synonyms – essay, advertising Antonyms – biography aspect Definition – part or phase Synonyms – angle, view, facet Antonyms – entire, total Sentence – He considered all aspects of college life. Etymology – 14th Century, Middle English, from Latin author’s argument Definition – the point of view or position the author presents Synonyms – perspective Antonyms – compromise Sentence – blueprint Definition: a plan Synonyms: design, draft, model, master plan, game plan Antonym: disorganized, unplanned Sentence: I will create a blueprint for the house I plan to build. Etymology: 1886 Part of speech: noun 5 body paragraph Definition – the meat of your essay where you will expand upon and support your thesis. Body paragraphs contain a topic sentence, ideas, examples, data, and an ending sentence or transition sentence. brevity Definition – shortness of expression Synonyms – brief, concise Antonyms – lengthy Sentence – Due to brevity, the essay lacked enough information. Etymology – 15th Century, from Latin cause and effect Definition – the process by which one event brings about another. Synonyms – reason and result Antonyms – compare and contrast Sentence – chronological Definition – the arrangement of details in time order (the order in which they actually occurred) Synonyms – sequential, time order Antonyms – random, unorganized cite Definition – to refer to or quote Synonym – mention Antonym – plagiarize “All men are Etymology – Middle created equal.” English, from AngloFrom The French, from Latin Declaration of 15th Century Independence Sentence – All of the sources I use for my research paper must be cited in my bibliography. closure Definition – a satisfying sense of finality Synonyms – satisfying ending Antonyms – continue Sentence – The conclusion provided a sense of closure. Etymology – 14th Century, Middle English, from AngloFrench, from Latin compare Definition – the similarities between two things Synonyms – analyze, examine Antonyms – ignore, disregard composition Definition – a piece of writing Synonyms – work, writing Antonyms – reading Sentence – Etymology – 14th Century, Middle English, From Anglo-French, from Latin concrete ideas Definition – references to solid objects, things you can see and touch, visual impact Antonyms – ideas and thoughts Sentence – Martin Luther King, Jr. used a concrete idea when he talked about the “red hills of Georgia.” contrast Definition – the differences between two things Synonyms – unalike, vary Antonyms – similar agree controlling idea Definition –the primary idea of your topic sentence or thesis, expresses your attitude and approach toward your topic Synonyms – direction, writing strategy Antonyms – scattered Sentence – collaborate Definition: Work Together Synonyms: Come Together, Team Up Antonym: Disagree, Part Sentence: The students will collaborate in order to complete the project. Etymology: Latin, 19th Century Free powerpoint template: www.brainybetty.com 17 competence Definition – have adequate ability or qualities Synonyms – capability Antonyms – unfit, unqualified Sentence – Every car owner needs a competent auto mechanic. Etymology – 15th Century, Middle English, from AngloFrench, from Latin concluding paragraph Definition – the last paragraph in an essay where you summarize all of your topics and bring your writing to a satisfying end. Synonyms – finish line Antonyms – introductory paragraph Sentence – When I wrote my conclusion, I restated my thesis statement and summarized my topics. consistent Definition – regular or steady Synonyms – uniformity Antonyms – unbalanced Sentence – He has consistent focus on the topic. Etymology – 1638 Latin context Definition – the interrelated condition in which something exists Synonyms – circumstance Antonyms – unrelated Sentence – Etymology – 1568 Middle English, from Latin conventions Definition – include spelling, punctuation, capitalization, grammar, and paragraphing. connotation Definition – emotional feelings that surround a word Synonyms – imply, suggest Antonyms –dictionary definition Sentence – The connotation of red roses is love. Etymology - 1532 denotation Definition – the strict, literal meaning of a word Synonyms –dictionary definition Antonyms – connotation Sentence – The denotation of red rose is a flower with thorns. Etymology - 1532 dignity Definition: the quality or state of being worthy, honored, or esteemed. Synonym: Honor, Importance Antonym: Lowliness Sentence: The graduation ceremony was conducted with great dignity. Etymology: 13th Century, Middle English, Anglo-French, Latin Free powerpoint template: www.brainybetty.com 25 drafting Definition – in writing an essay, this is the stage when you put your ideas on paper and allow them to develop as you write. You don’t need correct grammar and spelling at this stage. drawing conclusions Definition – taking bits of information and coming up with something else Synonyms – figure out, reason Antonyms – guess editing Definition – correct errors and mistakes before writing the final draft. This is the stage when you correct spelling, punctuation, grammar, fragments, run-ons, paragraph indentation. elaborate Definition – to work out in detail Synonyms – develop Antonyms – destroy Sentence – She elaborated with relevant ideas. Etymology – 1611 engages Definition –to hold the attention of, to involve, to attract Synonyms – interest Antonyms – release Sentence – Etymology – 15th Century, Middle – English from Anglo-French essay Definition – a short work of nonfiction that deals with a single subject. Synonyms – short composition Antonyms – novel, poem evaluating Definition – to exam and judge carefully Synonyms – inspect, understand Antonyms – ignore, guess evidence Definition – something that is proof Synonyms – confirm, witness Antonyms – guess Sentence – His essay contains minimal evidence of sequencing. Etymology – 14th Century expository Definition – text that explains or informs Synonyms – nonfiction Antonyms – narrative extraneous information Definition – off topic, not relevant Synonyms – foreign, accidental Antonyms – relevant Sentence – Etymology – 1638 From Latin facilitate Definition – to make easier, to help bring about Synonyms – assist, help Antonyms – hinder, worsen Sentence – The teacher’s role is to facilitate the discussion by asking appropriate questions. Etymology – 1611 Final Draft Definition – the last writing of an essay. The finished piece of work. focus Definition – to concentrate attention or effort Synonyms – center, direct Antonyms – distracted Sentence –Her writing remained focused on the topic & purpose. Etymology – 1775 formulaic Definition – a set form or method allowing little room for originality Synonyms – recipe, imitate Antonyms – inventive, fresh Sentence – Their use of transitions was formulaic. Etymology – 1618 genre-appropriate Definition – compatible or suitable for a certain type of writing Synonyms – proper, right Antonyms – improper, incorrect Sentence – The use of slang is not genre-appropriate for a business letter. Etymology – 15th Century hook Definition – An opening sentence or two in an essay that grabs the reader’s interest and introduces the general topic of the essay Examples: – Historical information – An anecdote – A surprising statement – A strong opinion – A quote Sentence – When I opened the book and began reading, I was hooked! I couldn’t put it down! ideas Definition – thoughts, concepts, sensations, images, opinions, idiom Definition: an expression that cannot be understood from the meanings of its separate words. Synonym: phrase, expression Antonym: literal meaning Example: “Running out of time” Etymology: 16th century, Latin Part of Speech: noun Free powerpoint template: www.brainybetty.com 43 inappropriate Definition – out of place Synonyms – unsuitable, unfit Antonyms – correct, proper Sentence – Her use of bulleted points was inappropriate for her narrative essay. Etymology – 1804 introductory paragraph Definition – the first paragraph of an essay. It introduces the topic (thesis statement) and hooks the reader so they are interested in reading more. irrelevant Definition – not necessary, beside the point Synonyms – insignificant, useless Antonyms – important, useful Sentence – The essay lost its focus due to irrelevant details. Etymology – 1786 limited Definition – incomplete, partial, not thorough Synonyms – confined Antonyms – thorough Sentence – The writing showed limited focus on the assigned topic. Etymology – 1597 Logical Order Definition - arranged in order or in sequence; logical flow, progression Synonym – sequence Antonym – random, unorganized Sentence – metaphor Definition: comparing two unlike things without using “like” or “as” Synonym: comparison, analogy Antonym: simile Sentence: Life is a dance through the universe. Etymology: Middle English, 15th Century Part of Speech: noun minimally Definition – the least possible, barely adequate Synonyms – fewest, smallest Antonyms – full, most Sentence – The controlling idea was minimally developed. Etymology – 1666 nonfiction Definition – literature that is not fictional or imaginary. It is real. Synonyms – news, facts Antonyms – fairy tale organizing structure Definition – how the information is arranged: cause and effect, chronological, compare and contrast, problem and solution Synonyms – method Antonyms – random Sentence – outlining Definition – a strategy to help identify the 3 main parts of an essay: introduction, body, and conclusion Synonyms – summary I. Introduction Antonyms – II. Body skimming III. Conclusion peer response Definition –thoughtful encouragement, suggestions and comments from your peers – other students. presentation Definition – Your essay should make a good first impression. It should be legible (neat handwriting or printing), no errors, if an error – then draw one line through it, leave margins, no scribbles. Pre-writing Definition – the stage of writing where you explore what you want to write about, your purpose for writing, for whom you are writing, and what form you will use to express your ideas problem and solution Definition – author describes a problem and then offers one or more possible solutions Synonyms – dilemma, solve Antonyms – viewpoint and evidence proofreading Definition – look for mistakes and correct them publishing Definition – sharing your finished writing with a wider audience. Post it on a weblog, present to class, put in newspaper, etc. purpose Definition – an end to be attained, point, reason Synonyms – goal, intention Antonyms – chance Sentence – Etymology – 14th century Middle–English from Anglo–French from Latin repetition Definition – the act of repeating Synonyms – say again Antonyms – varied, different, new Sentence – Because of repetition, the essay didn’t contain enough details. Etymology – 15th Century, Middle English, from Middle French, from Latin relevant Definition – having significance on the matter at hand Synonyms – useful, meaningful Antonyms – insignificant, minor Sentence – His ideas were relevant to the topic. Etymology – 1560 Medieval Latin, from Latin resolution Definition – to deal with successfully, make clear Synonyms – solving, conclusion Antonyms – confuse Sentence – Etymology – Middle English from Anglo-French revising Definition – this is when you make your essay the best possible piece of writing: word choice, transitions, complexity of sentences, voice, anecdotes, variety of sentence types, ideas, organization, style. sequencing Definition – Arranged in order or sequence, logical flow Synonyms – progression Antonyms – random Sentence – Etymology –Middle English from Anglo-French sensory details Definition – words and phrases that appeal to the reader’s sense: sight, touch, hearing, smell, and taste Hear the sizzle, smell the sweet aroma, taste the bitterness, feel the heat, see the haze sentence fluency Definition – sentences vary in length and structure, easy to read expressively, sounds great when read aloud speaker’s voice Definition – a distinctive style of writing that sounds like the manner in which the writer speaks, writer’s personality Synonyms – style, personality Antonyms – topic, audience Sentence – sufficient Definition – enough to meet the needs of a situation Synonyms – adequate, enough Antonyms – lacking, incomplete Sentence – Etymology – Middle English from Latin supporting evidence Definition – facts, figures, statistics and examples used to support a view point Synonyms – proof, details Antonyms – opinions, beliefs synthesize Definition – reflecting on individual parts or elements of a text and deciding how they affect the subject as a whole Synonyms – combine Antonyms – separate topic Definition – the subject matter or issue Synonyms – content Antonyms – purpose Sentence – Etymology – 1569 Latin from Greek topic sentence Definition – usually the first sentence of a paragraph and tells the reader what the paragraph is going to be about Synonyms – main idea Antonyms – supporting sentence transitions Definition – words and phrases that show connections between details. Synonym – relationships among ideas Antonym – disconnected, unrelated Sentence – Clear transitions help show how your ideas relate to one another. Etymology – 1551, Latin transitional elements Definition – Words or phrases that connect related ideas Synonyms – link together Antonyms – incoherent Sentence – First, second, lastly, and finally are transitional elements. Etymology – Latin undeveloped Definition – very imperfectly developed, unclear, lacking details Synonyms – incomplete Antonyms – advanced Sentence – Etymology – French from Old French vague Definition – not clearly expressed, not precise Synonyms – hazy, not clear Antonyms – clear, definite Sentence – Etymology – Middle French, from Latin varied Definition – many, diverse Synonyms – assorted Antonyms – the same Sentence – Etymology – Middle English from Anglo-French viewpoint Definition – the author’s opinion on an issue or topic Synonyms – perspective, belief Antonyms – ignorance word choice Definition – strong verbs, adjectives and adverbs, words and phrases the readers remember, accurate and effective use of words and phrases, language that is appropriate to the purpose and audience
