English Pronunciation
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English Pronunciation Lecture 3 Phonetic Transcriptions English Vowels About the Lab... Hilton English Pronunciation A few words about phonetic transcription: • IPA characters are used to transcribe the sounds in a word BED TIP ME Hilton English Pronunciation CAREFUL! These may not correspond to the number of letters in the word SHEEP TONGUE LAUGH BRUISE Hilton English Pronunciation Phonetic transcription: • there is no punctuation in phonetic transcription (no capital letters, etc.) How's it going? • there may be symbols that look like punctuation, but they have a new (symbolic) meaning… Hilton English Pronunciation You need to learn a new meaning for these two "punctuation signs": ' (an apostrophe) IPA symbol for WORD STRESS : (a colon) used in the IPA to indicate a LONG VOWEL Hilton English Pronunciation ' marks WORD STRESS placed BEFORE the stressed syllable ' ' ' Hilton English Pronunciation From now on, WORD STRESS will be marked in every polysyllabic word that we transcribe... Hilton English Pronunciation : indicates a LONG VOWEL* placed AFTER the vowel symbol (a long vowel is simply a vowel you take a longer time to say…) moon / mu:n / deep / di:p / / li:f / leaf Hilton English Pronunciation Speaking of VOWELS… Hilton English Pronunciation 5 LONG VOWELS sheep blue moon bird door car Hilton vowel + [r] English Pronunciation 6 "SHORT" VOWELS ship bed hat sun dog put, book Hilton English Pronunciation 1 UNACCENTED VOWEL SOUND banana "schwa" Hilton English Pronunciation 12 Monophthongs = simple (single) vowel sound Hilton English Pronunciation 8 Diphthongs beer care poor rose cow cake night boy monophthong + [r] Hilton English Pronunciation 5 Triphthongs flower higher player slower lawyer diphthong + [r] Hilton English Pronunciation 13 Compound vowel sounds ("glides") + 12 Monophthongs = French: 16 vowel sounds Italian, Spanish: 5 (??) Hilton English Pronunciation To master this complex system, you need: • to understand a little bit about vowels • to learn the sounds (and the symbols) • to PRACTICE, PRACTICE, PRACTICE! Hilton English Pronunciation What is a vowel? • How do you make a vowel sound? • What do you do (with your mouth) to change from one vowel sound to another? EXPERIMENT, and TELL ME (in English, obviously!) Hilton English Pronunciation A vowel sound: • a reverberation of air in the mouth cavity • vocal chords "on" (always) = "voiced" sound 1. the degree to which your mouth is open 2. the position of your tongue determine which vowel you produce. Hilton English Pronunciation Hilton www.ling.mq.edu.au/.../ vowel_artic.html. English Pronunciation The Vowel Triangle Hilton English Pronunciation The Vowel Triangle Hilton English Pronunciation The Vowel Triangle Hilton English Pronunciation The Vowel Triangle Hilton English Pronunciation The Vowel Triangle Hilton English Pronunciation The Vowel Triangle Hilton English Pronunciation The Vowel Triangle Hilton English Pronunciation The Vowel Triangle Hilton English Pronunciation The Vowel Triangle Hilton English Pronunciation The Vowel Triangle Hilton English Pronunciation The Vowel Triangle Hilton English Pronunciation The Vowel Triangle: DIPHTHONGS cake a glide Hilton English Pronunciation The Vowel Triangle: DIPHTHONGS night Hilton English Pronunciation The Vowel Triangle: DIPHTHONGS snow (RP) Hilton English Pronunciation Booklet, p. 10: copy the symbols, and key words SHEEP BLUE MOON FISH BOOK "schwa" BED DOOR BIRD HAT SUN DOG CAR Hilton English Pronunciation Homework: • Study all the "long" vowels: booklet, pages 11, 15 (CAR), 16, 17 (MOON). • For each vowel, try pronouncing the words. • Look up any words you don't know in the dictionary (unilingual, preferably). • Notice how many different ways each sound can be spelled!! Hilton
