Translation into film:
Is Cinema a language?
The structuralist definition states that a language has 2 levels of articulation.
1: Articulation of Smallest Functional Units t,p, b allow for the articulation of different signs such as tin pin bin
2: Articulation of Smallest Meaningful Units go, come, take allow for the articulation of sentences such as we go we come we take

Translation into film:
Is Cinema a language?
Is there such a system of double articulation in film that uses 2 types of units to produce a third one?
Units without meanings combined to form
Units with meanings combined to form
Syntactic units of language
Graphemes
Phonemes
Words Sentences

Translation into film:
Is Cinema a language?
No

Translation into film:
Is Cinema a language?
Yes

Translation into film:
Is Cinema a language?
Yes

Gustave Guillaume
Psychomechanichs of language and
Chronogenesis
“Language is a dynamic system of thoughts. Not a fixed system of signs.”
“Langue” or Language
Langue refers to the system of signs used to communicate.
The approach is grammatical.
“Parole” or Discourse
Parole refers to utterances produced by the use of Langue.
The approach is pragmatic.

Language
Gustave Guillaume
Psychomechanichs of language and
Chronogenesis
Linguistics
Grammar
Generative Grammar
Psychology
Rhetoric
Structuralism
Discourse

Gustave Guillaume
Psychomechanichs of language
1 Unsayable 2 Sayable
Operative Time
3 Saying 4 Said

Gustave Guillaume
Psychomechanichs of language
1 Unsayable 2 Sayable 3 Saying
Langue
Language
Operative Time
Parole
Discourse
4 Said

Gustave Guillaume
Psychomechanichs of language
1 Unsayable 2 Sayable 3 Saying 4 Said
Langue
Language
Operative Time
Parole
Discourse
What is Unsayable? And how does the Unsayable becomes Sayable?

Gustave Guillaume
Psychomechanichs of language
1 Unsayable 2 Sayable 3 Saying 4 Said
Langue
Language
Operative Time
Parole
Discourse
Simple percepts in stage 1 are transformed into concepts in stage 2

Gustave Guillaume
Psychomechanichs of language
1 Unsayable 2 Sayable 3 Saying 4 Said
Langue
Language
Operative Time
Parole
Discourse
Proper translation has to retrieve the intended message in stage 1

Gustave Guillaume
Psychomechanichs of language
1 Unsayable 2 Sayable 3 Saying
Langue
Language
Operative Time
Parole
Discourse
From a permanent system of signs to the actualization
4 Said

Gustave Guillaume
Psychomechanichs of language
1 Unsayable 2 Sayable 3 Saying
Langue
Language
Operative Time
Parole
Discourse
From Representation to Expression
4 Said

Gustave Guillaume
Psychomechanichs of language
1 Unsayable 2 Sayable 3 Saying
Langue
Language
Operative Time
Parole
Discourse
From Expression to Impression
4 Said

Gustave Guillaume
Psychomechanichs of language
1 Unsayable 2 Sayable 3 Saying
Langue
Language
Operative Time
Parole
Discourse
From Expression to Impression
4 Said

Gustave Guillaume
Chronogenesis
Representing actions with words
The traditional scientific aporia of the many presents
The present of the action
The present of the witness
The present of the utterance
The present of the reception

Gustave Guillaume
Chronogenesis
Representing actions with words
The traditional scientific aporia of the many presents
The present of the action
The present of the witness
The present of the utterance
The present of the reception
Sometimes, the performer, the witness, the receiver are present together

Gustave Guillaume
Chronogenesis
Representing actions with words
The traditional scientific aporia of the many presents
The present of the action
The present of the witness
The present of the utterance
Most of the times, this is not the case!
The present of the reception

Gustave Guillaume
Chronogenesis
Representing actions with words
The traditional scientific aporia of the many presents
The present of the action
The present of the witness
The present of the utterance
Most of the times, this is not the case!
The present of the reception

Gustave Guillaume
Chronogenesis
Representing actions with words
The traditional scientific aporia of the many presents
The present of the action
The present of the witness
The present of the utterance
This is also possible!
The present of the reception

Gustave Guillaume
Chronogenesis
Representing actions with words
The traditional scientific aporia of the many presents has its origin in this representation of time
Past Future
Past
Where several Nows separate the line of Time
Into several different Pasts and Futures.
Future

Gustave Guillaume
Chronogenesis
Instead of analyzing the representation of actions on the sole basis of a pre-determined representation of Time, Guillaume proposes that the representation of actions with words contributes to the representation of Time…

Gustave Guillaume
Chronogenesis
The formation of the image of time or chronogenesis is observable as a thought process in the activity of the producer of the message. in Posse in Fieri in Esse

Gustave Guillaume
Chronogenesis
The action described by the verb is seen as a tension towards its achievement.
The meaning of an occurrence is determined by its position in this process. in Posse
Possible in Fieri
Probable in Esse
Actual

Gustave Guillaume
Chronogenesis
The verb does not only point to the identification of the instant of the action
(now) but also to the stage of development in the process of accomplishing the action in Posse
Possible in Fieri
Probable in Esse
Actual

Gustave Guillaume
Chronogenesis
We identify this capacity of the verb as its plasticity.
Something very important when coming to translate words into images… in Posse
To go
I will go in Fieri
I am going
I will be going
Je me suis couché de bonne heure in Esse
I went
I will have gone