Linguistics 1
Morphology
Week 3
Lectures 5 & 6
Topics for Morphology
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Facts about words: longest, number of known
Arbitrary (= non-iconic) relationship of form and meaning
Innate principles governing word meaning
Classification of morphemes by form
Classification of morphemes by function
Word formation as rule application
Knowledge of combinability and creation of new morphemes
Compounds and idioms
2
Words,
listemes,
and
dictionary
entries:
(1)
potato
(2)
large
potato
(3)
couch
potato
(4)
potatoholic
For items (1-4), decide whether …
A.
B.
it is a word and should be in a dictionary.
it is a word but should not be in a
dictionary.
C. it is not a word and should not be in a
dictionary.
D. it is not a word but should be in a
dictionary.
E. it’s hard to say.
List of
topics
3
How many listemes do you know?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Fewer than 10,000
Several tens of thousands
Over 100,000
Over 1,000,000
Use this word number estimator to get an idea of how many words you know:
http://www.linguistics.ucla.edu/people/schuh/lx001/Discussion/d03_estimate_word_nu
mber.html
List of
topics
4
What relationship does
“spelunk” have to its referent?
A.
B.
C.
D.
List of
topics
Arbitrary (non-iconic)
Non-arbitrary (iconic)
Both
I don’t know
5
For each of the Chinese characters (a-f),
choose whether the relationship to
meaning is…
A. arbitrary (non-iconic).
B. non-arbitrary (iconic).
List of
topics
6
A.
B.
C.
Which bird name violates the
Whole Object Principle?
A.
B.
C.
D.
List of
topics
ash-throated flycatcher
sparrowhawk
sparrow
Both A and B
7
Innate principles governing word meaning: (a-c) all violate
one of the principles in A-C. Choose the principle that is
violated by each.
A.
B.
C.
List of
topics
The Whole
Object Principle
The Lexical Contrast
Principle
The Mutual Exclusivity
Principle
8
Which of the following
statements is correct?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
List of
topics
English violates the Mutual
Exclusivity Principle
Cantonese violates the Mutual
Exclusivity Principle
English violates the Lexical Contrast
Principle
Cantonese violates the Lexical
Contrast Principle
Neither language violates either
principle
9
What is your your "home" language, basically,
the language you grew up speaking with your
parents?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
List of
topics
English
Spanish
Korean
Mandarin Chinese
Cantonese
Vietnamese
Farsi/Persian
Tagalog
Hindi
Other
10
My home language has a lot of
inflectional morphology.
A. True
B. False
List of
topics
11
My home language has a lot of
derivational morphology.
A. True
B. False
List of
topics
12
To derive the word meaning ‘teacher’
from ‘teach’, my home language…
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
List of
topics
adds a prefix to ‘teach’.
adds a suffix to ‘teach’.
uses a phrase containing ‘teach’.
uses a completely different word.
doesn’t do any of the above.
13
English has a word ‘beef’, which means the
same thing as ‘cow meat’. My home language
expresses this as…
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
List of
topics
“meat [of] cow”.
“cow(’s) meat”.
a single word, like ‘beef’.
‘cow’ with a derivational affix attached.
none of the above.
two or more from (A-D).
14
Bound and free morphemes: Which of the
following words contains a bound root?
A.
B.
C.
D.
List of
topics
misery
misdemeanor
misnomer
missionary
15
Inflection and Derivation: The underlined words
all have a morphological error. The incorrectly
used morpheme is…
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
an inflectional affix
a derivational affix: N V
a derivational affix: V  N
a derivational affix: A  V
a derivational affix: V  A
a derivational affix: A  N
a derivational affix: N  A
a derivational affix that does
not change category
Answers to all these are given under #5 in
http://www.linguistics.ucla.edu/people/sc
huh/lx001/Discussion/d03_morphology_k
ey.pdf
List of
topics
16
Which is the correct structure for dishwasher?
A. Tree A
B. Tree B
List of
topics
17
Which is the correct structure for remodernizable?
A. Tree A
B. Tree B
List of
topics
18
This cartoon seems to illustrate creation of
a new derivational suffix.
List of
topics
① What is the suffix?
② Where did the suffix come from?
③ What meaning does it seem to add to the new
word?
④ Make up another example using this suffix.
19
Compounds and Idioms
A.
B.
① Which cartoon illustrates a compound and which an idiom?
② What do compounds and idioms have in common?
③ What is the major difference between compounds and idioms?
List of
topics
20
Which structure represents the meaning in
the last panel?
A. Tree A
B. Tree B
List of
topics
21