
1.A brief introduction to the author.

2.Background information about the text.

3.Some glossaries of the text.

4.Some extracurricular knowledge.
An American
professor,
writer,
columnist(专栏作家)
and even
executive
director(常务董事).
In 1938, he graduated from Washington and
Jefferson College.
Later, he became an English professor at California
State University at Northridge, it’s one of the nation’s
largest public universities.
Moreover , he was also a visiting professor(客座教授)
of
English and Linguistics( 语 言 学 ) at Stanford
University where he had studied medieval
lexicography(中世纪词典学) and got a Ph.D.(博士学位).

A Piano for Mrs. Cimino

“Oscar Wilde’s Earnest: A Chamber Opera for Eight
Voices and Chorus.”

“Keynesian Pedagogy: An orthodoxy in Search of a
Dustbin (1986)” ；
“Stalking the Soft Option: Some Notes on
Overinflated Grading Standards (1980)”；
“Toward a Theory of Reading Sequence (1973)” and
so on.
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

http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/Home.portal
?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=ERICSearchResult&_urlTyp
e=action&newSearch=true&ERICExtSearch_SearchTy
pe_0=au&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=%22Olipha
nt+Robert%22
“Letter to a B Student” is an excerpt of a
sensitive and thoughtful letter to a student on
keeping a sense of perspective on grades. It
appeared in Liberal Education in 1986.
The purpose of this article, as the author put
forward, is to enlighten B students on keeping
an appropriate perspective on grades.
Now, let me show you
some glossaries in this
text…

A decent(得体的，正派的) grade(in the past).
It’s considered that “Gentleman’s C” as an
average grade( 平 均 等 级 ) is seriously behind the
times(过时，落伍), today’s “average” grade is a “B”.
A few years ago, the “Gentleman’s C” prevailed(流
行，盛行) in universities.
Gentleman’s agreement
n.君子协定
Gentlemanship
n.绅士的身份、品格

Zero sum game （ 零 和 游 戏 / 博 弈 ） ： A situation in
which if one person gains an advantage form it,
someone else involved in it must suffer an
equivalent disadvantage.
博弈论的英文名为game theory，直译就是“游戏理论”。游戏者
有输有赢，一方所赢正是另一方所输，游戏的总成绩永远是零。“零
和游戏”之所以广受关注，主要是因为人们发现，在社会的方方面面
都有与“零和游戏”类似的局面，胜利者的光荣后面往往隐藏着失败者
的辛酸和苦涩。
Positive sum game 正和游戏(“双赢”或“多赢”)
Negative sum game 负和游戏(没有赢家)
Usually the plural form(复数
形式 ) “services” is used to
refer to the three armed
forced, i.e. the army, the
navy, and the air force.
GI (pl. GIs or GI‘s) is an American soldier ,
especially an enlisted one(现役军人). GI-Bill or the
GI-Bill of Rights is the popular name for the
Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944, which
provided US World War II veterans with special
assistance.
1944 年 ， 《 退 伍 军 人 权 利 法 案 》(Servicemen’s
Readjustment Act ，或GI Bill“大兵法案”) 出台。根据这一法案，
政府资助二次大战的退伍军人接受大学教育，旨在帮助退伍军人
更好地适应平民生活。此外，政府还为退伍军人提供医疗,卫生,住
房等方面的优惠政策。这些军人学生就称为GI-Bill students。
At last, I want to share some
extracurricular knowledge with you .
Grade
Description
4-point
Equivalent
100-point
A
Superior
4.0
96-100
A-
Superior
3.7
90-95
B+
Good
3.3
87-89
B
Good
3.0
83-86
B-
Good
2.7
80-82
Grade
Description
4-point
Equivalent
100-point
C+
Satisfactory
2.3
77-79
C
Satisfactory
2.0
73-76
C-
Satisfactory
1.7
70-72
D
Poor
1.0
65-69
F
Failure
0.0
0-64

General 上将

Lieutenant/Major/ Brigadier
general 中将、少将、准将

Colonel 上校
Lieutenant colonel 中校
Major 少校

Captain 上尉
A 1st lieutenant 中尉
A 2nd lieutenant 少尉

A 1st sergeant 上士
Sergeant 中士
Corporal 下士
Private 列兵


美军上将军衔一般授予兵
种中的最高军事长官。这是美
国美军上将约翰.克拉多克
(John Craddock)。
Educational system 学制
Academic year 学年
Term/ semester 学期
Diploma 文凭
Tuition 学费
University 大学
College 学院
Academy 高等专科院校
Normal school 师范院校
Major 主修课
Minor 辅修课
Specialized course 专业课
Compulsory course 必修课
Optional course 选修课
Dean of studies 教务处长
Dean of students 教导主任
Department chairman 系主任
Professor 教授
Associate professor 副教授
Guest/Visiting professor 客座教授
Lecturer 讲师
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http://sfs.scnu.edu.cn/tblogs/zhanghh/article.asp?id
=631
http://www.docin.com/p-13036104.html
http://www.docin.com/p-43954439.html
http://www.educationnews.org/commentaries/21599
.html
http://www.eric.ed.gov/
http://www.ioffer.com/i/98311405
http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/7116223.html
http://money.163.com/05/0907/16/1T2FID8J0025http:
//www.putclub.com/article.php?articleid=761K7B_2.
html