Inquiry Lesson –
1928 to 1932: Trials and Tribulations during Hoover’s Administration
Farmers, the
Dust Bowl,
and the
Exodusters
The Bonus
Army
Jim Crow
Atrocities
Major Events
to consider
during
Hoover’s
Administration
The Great
Crash
The Response
of Hoover’s
Administration
Major Events
to consider
during
Hoover’s
Administration
Here is how the lesson will work ...
1. Remember, often it is not the answer that matters, but the
questions that precede any answer.
2. Each color coded historical grouping (red, grey, black, green,
and orange) will have 3-5 student partners. These student
participants will attempt to evaluate a document, video, audio,
etc. piece of primary source evidence.
3. To accomplish this primary source evaluation, students will use
the Stripling Model of Inquiry (see next slide)
4. Then, each member will respond to guiding questions (see slide
after Stripling Model of Inquiry):
Source: https://washington2011esd112.pbworks.com/w/page/48189352/Inquiry%20Process%20Model
Major Events
to consider
during
Hoover’s
Administration
Guiding Questions
1. What is the role of government, the individual, and the
community in times of hardship? Where do they crossover, or
do they?
2. Since this is an inquiry based exercise, what are your questions
related to your piece of evidence. Generate one for each level.
The time allotment for this 55 minute class period will be:
• 5 minute set up,
• 20 minute interpretation/reflection, (see Library of Congress
interpretation/reflection guide – next slide)
• 25 minute share,
• 5 min wrap-up
Primary Source Analysis Tool
Guiding Question - What is the role of government, the individual, and
the community in times of hardship? Where do they crossover, or do they?
What inferences and/or
observations can you make about
this source?
How do your observations and
inferences connect with the
guiding question?
What questions do you still have?
-
Guiding Question
What is the role of government, the individual, and
the community in times of hardship? Where do they crossover, or do they?
Fill in connections to be made by the three entities.
Government
Community
Individual
Farmers, the
Dust Bowl,
and the
Exodusters
– Evidence piece #1
Farmers, the
Dust Bowl,
and the
Exodusters
Evidence piece #1 Source Info
Left Side
Right Side
Title: Farmer and sons walking in the face of
a dust storm. Cimarron County, Oklahoma
Creator(s): Rothstein, Arthur, 1915-1985,
photographer
Date Created/Published: 1936 Apr.
Summary: Photo shows the Dust Bowl area.
Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-ppmsc00241 (digital file from print) LC-USZ6211491 (b&w film copy neg. from print) LCUSZC4-4840 (color film copy transparency
from print) Photographs
(http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/res/071_fsab.h
tml)
Repository: Library of Congress Prints and
Photographs Division Washington, DC 20540
USA http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
Title: Son of farmer in dust bowl area.
Cimarron County, Oklahoma
Creator(s): Rothstein, Arthur, 1915-1985,
photographer
Date Created/Published: 1936 Apr.
Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-fsa-8b38282
(digital file from original neg.) LC-USZ62130123 (b&w film copy neg. from file print)
(http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/res/071_fsab.
html)
Repository: Library of Congress Prints and
Photographs Division Washington, DC
20540 http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
Farmers, the
Dust Bowl,
and the
Exodusters
– Evidence piece #2
Farmers, the
Dust Bowl,
and the
Exodusters
Evidence piece #2 Source Info
Left Side
Right Side
Title: Migrant agricultural worker's family.
Seven hungry children. Mother aged thirtytwo. Father is native Californian. Nipomo,
California
Creator(s): Dorothea Lange
Date Created/Published: 1936 Feb. or Mar.
Digital ID: (b&w copy scan) fsa 8b29527
http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/fsa.8b29527
Repository: Library of Congress Prints and
Photographs Division Washington, DC 20540
USA http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
Title: Destitute pea pickers in California.
Mother of seven children. Age thirty-two.
Nipomo, California
Creator(s): Dorothea Lange
Date Created/Published: 1936 Feb. or Mar.
Digital ID: (digital file from original neg.) fsa
8b29516
http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/fsa.8b29516
Repository: Library of Congress Prints and
Photographs Division Washington, DC
20540 http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
Farmers, the
Dust Bowl,
and the
Exodusters
– Evidence piece #3
Farmers, the
Dust Bowl,
and the
Exodusters
Evidence piece #3 Source Info
Left Side
Right Side
Title: More Oklahomans reach Calif. via the
cotton fields of Ariz. ; "We got blowed out in
Oklahoma." Share-croppers family near
Bakersfield, Apr. 7, 1935
Creator(s): Lange, Dorothea, photographer
Date Created/Published: 1935.
Repository: Library of Congress Prints and
Photographs Division Washington, D.C.
20540 USA
Title: Kansas "dust bowl" farmer
Creator(s): Rothstein, Arthur, 1915-1985,
photographer
Date Created/Published: 1936 Mar.
Repository: Library of Congress Prints and
Photographs Division Washington, DC
20540 http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
Farmers, the
Dust Bowl,
and the
Exodusters
Evidence Piece #4
Farmers, the
Dust Bowl,
and the
Exodusters
– Evidence piece #4 Source Info
Title: A Shower At Last
Creator(s): Joe Parrish, cartoonist
Newspaper: The Nashville Tennessean
Date Created/Published: July 10, 1936
Repository: International Team of Comic
Historians (I.T.C.H.) http://superitch.com/?p=10159
Farmers, the
Dust Bowl,
and the
Exodusters
Evidence Piece #5
Dust Bowl Interview – 4:31 duration
Dust Bowl Film Clip -
Farmers, the
Dust Bowl,
and the
Exodusters
Evidence piece #5 Source Info
Dust Bowl Interview – 4:31 duration
Okie Audio clip #2 -
Interviewee – Mrs. Flora Robertson
Album – Voices from the Dust Bowl
Interviewee –
Album –
Farmers, the
Dust Bowl,
and the
Exodusters
– Evidence piece #6
Farmers, the
Dust Bowl,
and the
Exodusters
Evidence Piece #6 Source Info
Title: Typescript for The Grapes of Wrath with copy-editing marks,
Author/Creator(s): John Steinbeck (1902-1968)
Date Created/Published: 1939
Repository: Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Washington, DC 20540
http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/trm143.html
Jim Crow
Atrocities
Evidence piece #1
Jim Crow
Atrocities
Evidence piece #1 Source Info
Newspaper Article: The Act of Lynching
Author: No author cited
Publication: Cleveland Gazette 17, no. 10 (10/07/1899)
Source - Library of Congress http://memory.loc.gov/cgibin/query/r?ammem/aaeo:@field(DOCID+@lit(o19196))
Jim Crow
Atrocities
Evidence piece #2
Jim Crow
Atrocities
Evidence piece #2 Source Info
Title: The lynching of Thomas Shipp and Abram Smith
Creator(s): Lawrence Beitler
Date Created/Published: August 7, 1930
Repository: Library of Congress, Washington, DC lcweb2.loc.gov/ and
Images and the Media, Andover University
http://www.andover.edu/Museums/Addison/Education/mlc/Documents/Image
sAndTheMediaPortfolioGuide.pdf
Jim Crow
Atrocities
Evidence piece #3
Strange Fruit (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h4ZyuULy9zs)
Southern trees bear strange fruit,
Blood on the leaves and blood at the root,
Black bodies swinging in the Southern breeze, Strange
fruit hanging from the poplar trees.
Pastoral scene of the gallant South,
The bulging eyes and twisted mouth,
The scent of magnolias, sweet and fresh,
Then the sudden smell of burning flesh.
Here is a fruit for the crows to pluck,
For the rain to gather, for the wind to suck,
For the sun to rot, for the trees to drop,
Here is a strange and bitter crop.
Evidence piece #3 Source Info
Jim Crow
Atrocities
Left Side
Right Side
Title: Strange Fruit
Creator(s): Abel Meeropol (aka Lewis Allen)
Date Created/Published: 1936.
Originally published: The New York Teacher,
(a union magazine)
Repository: Library of Congress Motion
Picture and Television Reading Room
Division Washington, DC
http://www.loc.gov/rr/mopic/findaid/jazz/a
-c.html
Title: Strange Fruit
Creator(s)/Performer: Abel Meeropol (aka
Lewis Allen) writer; Billy Holiday
(performed)
Date Created/Performed: 1936/1939
respectively
Repository: http://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=h4ZyuULy9zs
Jim Crow
Atrocities
Evidence piece #4
Jim Crow
Atrocities
Evidence piece #4 Source Info
Left Side
Title: A Terrible Blot on American
Civilization
Author/Creator(s): District Colombia
Anti-Lynching Committee North Eastern
Federation of Colored Women’s Clubs
Created/Published: 1922
Repository: Library of Congress
Manuscript Division, Washington, DC
http://memory.loc.gov/rbc/rbpe/rbpe2
0/rbpe208/20803600/001dr.jpg
Right Side
Title: Lynchings for 1922
Author/Creator(s): R.R. Moton
Created/Published: 01/13/1923
Repository: Ohio Historical Center
Archives Library
http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/p
age1.cfm?ItemID=1782
Jim Crow
Atrocities
Evidence piece #5
Jim Crow
Atrocities
Evidence piece #5 Source Info
Data Table:
Source: From Stewart E. Tolnay and E.M. Beck, A Festival of Violence:
An Analysis of Southern Lynchings, 1882-1930.
http://www.umass.edu/complit/aclanet/USLynch.html
Jim Crow
Atrocities
Evidence piece #6 Source Info
Jim Crow
Atrocities
Evidence piece #5 Source Info
Signage from Jim Crow South
Source: http://www.ferris.edu/news/jimcrow/what.htm
Jim Crow
Atrocities
– Evidence piece #7
{begin page 1}
In dealing with all vexed questions, the chief aim of every honest inquirer should be to ascertain the facts.
No good purpose is subserved either by concealment on the one hand or exaggeration on the other. "The truth, the whole
truth and nothing but the truth," is the only sure foundation for just judgment.
The purpose of this pamphlet is to give the public the facts, in the belief that there is still a sense of justice in the
American people, and that it will yet assert itself in condemnation of outlawry and in defense of oppressed and
persecuted humanity. In this firm belief the following pages will describe the lynching of nine colored men, who were
arrested near Palmetto, Georgia, about the middle of March, upon suspicion that they were implicated in the burning of
the three houses in February preceding.
The nine suspects were not criminals, they were hard-working, law-abiding citizens, men of families. They
had assaulted no woman, and, after the lapse of nearly a month, it could not be claimed that the fury of an insane mob
made their butchery excusable. They were in the custody of law, unarmed, chained together and helpless, awaiting their
trial. They had no money to employ learned counsel to invoke the aid of technicalities to defeat justice. They were in
custody of a white Sheriff, to be prosecuted by a white State's Attorney, to be tried before a white judge, and by a white
jury. Surely the guilty had no chance to escape.
Still they were lynched. That the awful story of their slaughter may not be considered overdrawn, the
following description is taken from the columns of the Atlanta Journal, as it was written by Royal Daniel, a staff
correspondent.
The story of the lynching thus told is as follows:
Palmetto. Ga., March 16.--A mob of more than 100 desperate men, armed with Winchesters and shotguns and pistols and
wearing masks, rode into Palmetto at 1 o'clock this morning and shot to death four Negro prisoners, desperately wounded
another and with deliberate aim fired at four others, wounding two, believing the entire nine had been killed.
Jim Crow
Atrocities
– Evidence piece #7
(page 2)
{Begin page no. 2}
The boldness of the mob and the desperateness with which the murder was contemplated and executed, has torn the little town
with excitement and anxiety. All business has been suspended, and the town is under military patrol, and every male inhabitant is armed to
the teeth, in anticipation of an outbreak which is expected to-night. Last night nine Negroes were arrested and placed in the warehouse near
the depot. The Negroes were charged with the burning of the two business blocks here in February.
At 1 o'clock this morning the mob dashed into town while the people slept. They rushed to the warehouse in which the nine
Negroes were guarded by six white men. The door was burst open and the guards were ordered to hold up their hands.
Then the mob fired two volleys into the line of trembling, wretched and pleading prisoners, and to make sure of their work, placed pistols in
the dying men's faces and emptied the chambers.
Citizens who were aroused by the shooting and ran out to investigate the cause were driven to their homes at the point of guns
and pistols and then the mob mounted their horses and dashed out of town, back into the woods and home again.
None of the mob was recognized, as their faces were completely concealed by masks. The men did their work orderly and
coolly and exhibited a determination seldom equaled under similar circumstances.
The nine Negroes were tied with ropes and were helpless. The guard was held at the muzzle of guns and threatened with death
if a man moved. Then the firing was deliberately done, volley by volley.
The Negroes now dead are: Tip Hudson, Bud Cotton, Ed Wynn, Henry Bingham.
Fatally shot and now dying: John Bigby. Shot but will recover: John Jameson. Arm broken: George Tatum. Escaped without injury: Ison
Brown, Clem Watts.
The men who were guarding the Negroes are well know and prominent citizens of Palmetto, and were sworn in only yesterday as a special
guard for the night.
The commitment trial of the Negroes was set for 9 o'clock this morning.
Bud Cotton, who was killed, had confessed to the burning of the stores in Palmetto, and had implicated all the others who had been arrested
Jim Crow
Atrocities
Evidence piece #5 Source Info
Author/Creator: Ida B. Wells-Barnett
Source: http://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/connections/afamperspectives/thinking.html
The Bonus
Army
Evidence piece #1
The Bonus
Army
.
Evidence piece #1 – Source Data
Title: Forgotten Men
Creator(s): Carey Orr
Date Created/Published: Chicago Tribune, July 1932
Repository: San Francisco State University
http://userwww.sfsu.edu/~scotty13/Cartoon.htm
The Bonus
Army
Evidence piece #2
The Bonus
Army
Evidence piece #2 – Source Data
Left Side
Title: Veterans Bonus March,
Washington
D.C.
.
Creator(s): Theodor Horydczak (ca.
1870-1971)
Date Created/Published: July 1932
Repository: Library of Congress
http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cph.3c15563
Right Side
Title: Veterans Bonus March, Washington
D.C.
Creator(s): Theodor Horydczak (ca. 18701971)
Date Created/Published: July 1932
Repository: Library of Congress
http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cph.3c15563
The Bonus
Army
Evidence piece #3
The Bonus
Army
Evidence piece #3 – Source Data
Title: Bonus Army on Capitol lawn, Washington, D.C.
.
Creator(s): Unknown
Date Created/Published: July 13, 1932
Repository: Library of Congress
http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2002722914/3
The Bonus
Army
Evidence piece #4
Bonus
Marchers
The Bonus
Army
Evidence piece #4 – Source Data
Title: What, more boarders?
Creator(s): Carmack, Paul R., 1895-1977, artist
Date Created/Published: 1934.
Original Publication: Christian Science Monitor
Source: Library of Congress
http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/trm203.h
tml
The Bonus
Army
Evidence piece #5
The Bonus
Army
Evidence piece #5 – Source Data
Newspaper Article: Rank and File (US military
publication)
Date: December 5th, 1932
Source:
http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/trm203.h
tml
The Bonus
Army
– Evidence piece #6
People keep advocating rebellion, but we are curious to know what they want to rebel
against. The bonus marchers, if combined with the Kentucky miners would probably spend
their time arguing about which grievance to support instead of doing anything.
Unemployment has become a business . . .
In a democracy, there are a thousand, ten thousand groups…. Each has its own particular
sorrow and its grievance; there exists no common tyranny against which to rebel, not even
the tyranny of hard times. If you mixed bonus marchers with Kentucky miners, they would
probably spend the rest of their lives arguing about what to rebel against . . .
Being out of a job perforates the walls of the mind, and thoughts seep off into strange
channels. To say that the country is as rich as it ever was is a joke: something is gone that
used to be here—the spirit of millions of men is gone, and a man’s spirit is just as real a
natural resource as gold or wheat or lumber.
The Bonus
Army
Evidence piece #6 – Source Data
Author: E.B. White
Date: June 25, 1932
Magazine Article: The New Yorker Magazine
Source:http://www.newyorker.com/search/query?
keyword=Bonus%20army
The Bonus
Army
Evidence piece #7
HOOVER DEFENSE IN CALLING OUT TROOPS
The text of President Hoover's statement late yesterday in defense of his action in calling out troops to evacuate the
bonus veterans, follows:
"A challenge to the authority of the United States Government has been met, swiftly and firmly.
"After months of patient indulgence, the Government met overt lawlessness as it always must be met if the
cherished processes of self-government are to be preserved. We cannot tolerate the abuse of constitutional rights
by those who would destroy all government, no matter who they may be. Government cannot be coerced by mob
rule.
"The Department of Justice is pressing its investigation into the violence which forced the call for Army detachments
and it is my sincere hope that those agitators who inspired yesterday's attack upon the Federal authority may be
brought speedily to trial in the civil courts. There can be no safe harbor in the United States of America for violence.
"Order and civil tranquility are the first requisites in the great task of economic reconstruction to which our whole
people now are devoting their heroic and noble energies. This national effort must not be retarded in even the
slightest degree by organized lawlessness.
"The first obligation of my office is to uphold and defend the Constitution and the authority of the law. This I propose
always to do."
The Bonus
Army
Evidence piece #7 – Source Data
Newspaper Article: President Hoover comments
on use of federal troops
Date Created/Published: Washington Herald, July
30, 1932
Source:
http://www.ecommcode.com/hoover/hooveronl
ine/hoover_and_the_depression/bonus_march/
group_index.cfm?GroupID=14
The Bonus
Army
Evidence piece #8
The Bonus
Army
Evidence piece #8 – Source Data
Photograph: Bonus Marchers clash with D.C. police
Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bonus_marche
rs_05510_2004_001_a.gif
The Bonus
Army
– Evidence piece #9
The Bonus
Army
Evidence piece #9 – Source Data
Left Side
Title: Bonus Army shanty in flames,
Washington
D.C.
.
Creator(s): Associated Press photo
Date Created/Published: July 13, 1932
Repository: Library of Congress
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/macar
thur/peopleevents/images/pandeAMEX
89.jpg
Right Side
Title: Fire set by U.S. Army, consuming
camp of Bonus Expeditionary Forces;
Washington Monument in background.
Creator(s): Associated Press photo
Date Created/Published: July 1932
Repository: KM Historic Photographs
http://www.amazon.com/consumingExpeditionary-Forces-WashingtonMonument/dp/B004J6405M
The Bonus
Army
Evidence piece #10
The Bonus
Army
Evidence piece #10 – Source Data
Newsreel Footage : US Army rousting Bonus Army
from Encampments
Source – Universal Newspaper Newsreel
http://www.youtube.com/user/UniversalNewsre
els
The Great
Crash
– Evidence piece #1
The Great
Crash
Evidence piece #1 – Source Data
Data Table:
Source: AGRICULTURAL PRICES 1919 -1932
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
YEARBOOK OF AGRICULTURE, 1934
The Great
Crash
Evidence piece #2
The Great
Crash
Evidence piece #2 – Source Data
Title: STOCKS COLLAPSE IN 16,410,030-SHARE DAY, BUT
RALLY AT CLOSE CHEERS BROKERS; BANKERS
OPTIMISTIC, TO CONTINUE AID
Date Published: New York Times, October 29, 1929
Source:
http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/9
91029onthisday_big.html#article
The Great
Crash
– Evidence piece #3
The Great
Crash
Evidence piece #3 – Source Data
Left Side
Right Side
Title: Prosperity: Fact or Myth
Author/Creator(s):
Stuart Chase
.
Date Created/Published: C. Boni. , 1929
Repository: Library of Congress,
http://lcweb2.loc.gov/service/mss/eadx
mlmss/eadpdfmss/2008/ms008009.pdf
Title: Comparative Operating Experience of
Consumer Installment Financing Agencies
and Commercial Banks, 1929-41
Author/Creator(s)/Editor: Ernst A. Dauer
Date Created/Published: National Bureau
of Economic Research, 1944
Repository: National Bureau of Economic
Research
http://www.nber.org/books/daue44-1
The Great
Crash
Evidence piece #4
The Great
Crash
Evidence piece #4 – Source Data
Title: Great Crash film clip
Author/Creator(s): Unknown
Date Created/Published: 1929
Repository: Library of Congress
The Great
Crash
Evidence piece #5
They used to tell me I was building a dream,
And so I followed the mob
When there as earth to plough or guns to bear
I was always there right on the job.
The used to tell me I was building a dream
With peace and glory ahead
Why should I be standing in line
just waiting for bread?
Once I built a railroad, made it run,
Made it race against time.
Once I build a railroad,
Now its done
Brother, can you spare a dime?
Once I built a tower, to the sun
Brick and rivet and lime,
Once I built a tower,
Now its done
Brother, can you spare a dime?
Once in khaki suites
Gee, we looked swell
Full of that Yankee Doodle-de-dum.
Half a million boots went sloggin' thru Hell,
I was the kid with the drum.
Say, don't you remember, they called me Al
It was Al all the time
Say, don't you remember I'm your Pal!
Buddy, can you spare a dime?
The Great
Crash
Evidence piece #5 – Source Data
Title: Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?
Author/Creator(s): lyricist E. Y. "Yip" Harburg, composer Jay Gorner
Date Created/Published: 1931
Repository: Library of Congress
The Great
Crash
Evidence piece #6
The Great
Crash
Evidence piece #6 – Source Data
Title: Hoover Election Campaign Poster
Author/Creator(s): Unknown
Date Created/Published: 1928
Repository: Library of Congress
The Great
Crash
Evidence piece #7
The Great
Crash
Evidence piece #7 – Source Data
Left Side
Title: While such things are possible
Publication:
Des Moines Register
.
Creator(s): : Jay “Ding” Darling
Date Created/Published: November
10, 1928,
Repository: National Archives
http://blogs.archives.gov/hooverblackboard/2010/04/13/politicalcartoons/
Right Side
Title: An Awful Big Contract
Publication: Des Moines Register
Creator(s): : Jay “Ding” Darling
Date Created/Published: March 4, 1929
(Hoover’s Inauguration Day)
Repository: National Archives
http://blogs.archives.gov/hooverblackboard/2010/04/13/political-cartoons/
The Response
of Hoover’s
Administration
– Evidence piece #1
The Response
of Hoover’s
Administration
Evidence piece #1 Source Data
Title: “Sorry, I can’t shake hands right now”
Publication: Des Moines Register
Creator(s): Unknown
Date Created/Published: October 1931
Repository: Library of Congress
The Response
of Hoover’s
Administration
– Evidence piece #2
“OUR GOVERNMENT IS FOUNDED ON A CONCEPTION THAT IN TIMES OF GREAT
EMERGENCY, WHEN FORCES ARE RUNNING BEYOND THE CONTROL OF
INDIVIDUALS OR COOPERATIVE ACTION, BEYOND THE CONTROL OF LOCAL
COMMUNITIES OR THE STATES, THEN THE GREAT RESERVE POWERS OF THE
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SHOULD BE BROUGHT INTO ACTION TO PROTECT THE
PEOPLE. BUT WHEN THESE FORCES HAVE CEASED THERE MUST BE A RETURN TO
STATE, LOCAL AND INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY.”
The Response
of Hoover’s
Administration
Evidence piece #2 Source Data
Title: Hoover Speech on his philosophy of
government
Publication: New York Times
Creator(s): : Herbert Hoover
Date Created/Published: October 1932
Repository: National Archives
The Response
of Hoover’s
Administration
– Evidence piece #3
72
The Response
of Hoover’s
Administration
Evidence piece #3 – Source Data
Left Side
Right Side
Title: Priming the Old Pump
.Publication: New York Tribune
Creator(s): : Jay “Ding” Darling
Date Created/Published: April 8, 1930
Repository: National Archives
http://blogs.archives.gov/hooverblackboard/2010/04/13/politicalcartoons/
Title: The New Anti-Toxin
Publication: New York Tribune
Creator(s): : Jay “Ding” Darling
Date Created/Published: January 20, 1932
Repository: National Archives
http://blogs.archives.gov/hooverblackboard/2010/04/13/political-cartoons/
The Response
of Hoover’s
Administration
– Evidence piece #4
Response of
Hoover’s
Administration
Evidence piece #5 and Sources
"We in America today are nearer to the final triumph over poverty than ever before in
the history of any land. The poorhouse is vanishing from among us.“ (Presidential
Candidate Herbert Hoover, 1928) – Source: National Archives
"I do not believe that the power and duty of the General Government ought to
be extended to the relief of individual suffering. . . . The lesson should be
constantly enforced that though the people support the Government the
Government should not support the people."
(President Herbert Hoover, 1930) Source: National Archives
“OUR GOVERNMENT IS FOUNDED ON A CONCEPTION THAT IN TIMES OF GREAT
EMERGENCY, WHEN FORCES ARE RUNNING BEYOND THE CONTROL OF INDIVIDUALS OR
COOPERATIVE ACTION, BEYOND THE CONTROL OF LOCAL COMMUNITIES OR THE STATES, THEN THE
GREAT RESERVE POWERS OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SHOULD BE BROUGHT INTO ACTION TO
PROTECT THE PEOPLE. BUT WHEN THESE FORCES HAVE CEASED THERE MUST BE A RETURN TO
STATE, LOCAL AND INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY.” - PRESIDENT HERBERT HOOVER, OCTOBER 1932
Source: National Archives
The Response
of Hoover’s
Administration
Evidence piece #6
The Response
of Hoover’s
Administration
Evidence piece #6
Title: Awful Job
Creator(s):
Date Created/Published: 1932
Repository: Library of Congress
The Response
of Hoover’s
Administration
Evidence piece #7 – Source
Data Library of Congress
Hoover Campaign Speech 1932
FDR Campaign Speech 1932
The Response
of Hoover’s
Administration
Evidence piece #8
The Response
of Hoover’s
Administration
Evidence piece #8 – Source Data
Title: Going Home to Palo Alto, California
.Publication: Des Moines Register
Creator(s): : Jay “Ding” Darling
Date Created/Published: March 10, 1933,
Repository: National Archives
http://www.ecommcode.com/hoover/hooveronline/hoover_bio/archive/after/pr
ivate.htm
-
Guiding Question
What is the role of government, the individual, and
the community in times of hardship? Where do they crossover, or do they?
Fill in connections to be made by the three entities.
Government
Community
Individual
Primary Source Analysis Tool
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Guiding Question
What is the role of government, the individual, and
the community in times of hardship? Where do they crossover, or do they?
Who makes a difference? What should be the limits?
What inferences and/or
observations can you make about
this source?
How do your observations and
inferences connect with the
guiding question?
What questions do you still have?
Can you frame your previous
questions in an AP three level
structure?
Consider this guiding question across
time and space. What other eras
and/or events fit this question? Today?