Jeffersonian Republic, 1800-1812
Theme: Jefferson’s effective, pragmatic policies strengthened
the principles of two-party republican government, even though
the Jeffersonian “revolution” caused sharp partisan battles
between Federalists and Republican over particular issues.
Theme: Despite his intentions, Jefferson became deeply
entangled in the foreign-policy conflicts of the Napoleonic era,
leading to a highly unpopular and failed embargo that revived
the moribund Federalist Party.
Theme: James Madison feel into an international trap, set by
Napoleon, that Jefferson had avoided. Western War Hawks‘
enthusiasm for a war with Britain was matched by New
Englanders’ hostility.
I. Domestic Challenges
A.
“The Revolution of 1800”
1.
Whispering campaign
a. Sally Hemmings
2.
A Tie!
a.
b.
c.
3.
B.
Chief Justice John Marshall
Judiciary Act, 1801
Jefferson’s Administration (in new
capital)
1.
2.
3.
D.
No bloodshed!
Lame Duck Federalists
1.
2.
C.
Role of 3/5’s compromise
New York
12th Amendment, 1804
Political disunity
B_FAT
Reversed taxes, immigration, debt, &
army
Maturity of Judicial Branch
1.
2.
Marbury v. Madison, 1803
Impeachment of Sam Chase
General Election: Need Majority
TJ=73 Electoral Votes
AB=73 Electoral Votes
JA=65 Electoral Votes
CP=63 Electoral Votes
JJ=1 Electoral Vote
House Tie Breaker: Need 9 (16)
TJ=10 votes
AB=4 votes
Blank=2 votes
II. LA Purchase
A.
LA Purchase, 1803
1.
2.
Spain ceded Napy
Napy realizes American Empire not worth it!
a.
3.
4.
B.
T. L’Ouverture
Negotiators: J. Monroe & R. Livingston
$10…er…$15M
Most Important Purchase in US History!
1.
Jefferson’s Response… “Uh, Oh! I wonder what’s out there?”
a. Lewis and Clarke (and Sacajawea)
2.
Federalist Response… “That’s it, let’s get out of here!”
a. Essex Junto, 1804
III. Foreign Threats
1. Tripolitan Wars
2. Napoleonic Wars
3. Berlin Decree
4. Order in Council
5. Milan Decree
6. Impressment
of US sailors
US
GB
7. ChesapeakeLeopard
Affair, 1807
FR
8. Embargo, 1807
and Non-Intercourse
Act, 1809
9. Industrial Rev.
Bahamas
Haiti
8. Election of 1808
And Macon’s Bill No 2
North Africa
9. “Mr. Madison’s WAR!”
Helpful Definitions
•
•
•
•
•
•
Lame duck (p. 214): A political official during the tiem he or she remains in
office after a defeat or inability to seek another term, and whose power is
diminished.
Commission (p. 218): The official legal authroization appointing a person to
an office or military position, indicating the nature of the duty, term of office,
chain of command, an so on.
pacifist (p. 220): Characterized by principled opposition to all war and belief
in nonvilent solutions to conflict.
Secession (p. 223): the withdrawal, by legal or illegal means, of one portion of
a political entity from the government to which it has been bound.
Conscription (p. 226 “Impressment…was a crude form of conscription.”)
Compulsory enrollment of men and women into the armed forces.
Embargo (p. 227): a government order prohibiting commerce in or out of a
port.