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5.3: Reconstruction

Follow along in the student packet:
Content students MUST KNOW to be
successful on the GHSGT (pg. 99-100)
Reconstruction: 1865-1877

Presidential Reconstruction (A Johnson)
 States could come back into the USA
once they ratified the 13th Amendment
 Southerners created black codes to
keep African-Americans inferior
 Congressional
Reconstruction (led by
the “Radical Republicans”)
 The South was placed under military
rule & divided into 5 zones
 Southern states were forced to ratify
the 14th & 15th Amendments
Reconstruction Legislation
 From
1865 to 1877, blacks were
protected & given rights as citizens
 13th Amendment ended slavery
 14th Amendment made it illegal to
discriminate against people due to
race, gender, religion
 15th Amendment gave all black
men the right to vote
 Freedman’s Bureau created to
provide food, 40 acres & a mule, &
schools for African-Americans
Radical Reconstruction (1867-1877)
Created 5 military districts to enforce Reconstruction
But, Radical
Reconstruction was not
adequate to enforce equality in the South
Black codes were common
in many parts of the South
A secret society called
the Ku Klux Klan was
created to keep blacks
inferior & return
“Redeemer Democrats”
to power
 Andrew
Johnson’s Impeachment:
 President Johnson interfered with the
“Radical Reconstruction” plan & was
the 1st president to be impeached
 But he was not removed from office
 The
end of Reconstruction:
 The “Second Corrupt Bargain”
(the “Compromise of 1877”)
 President Hayes removed federal
troops & ended military zones
 “Jim Crow” era began (1877-1954)
 Legal segregation in the South
Jim Crow Era (1877 to 1954)
 Jim
Crow laws keep blacks from voting
 Literacy tests—voters have to read
 Poll taxes—voters must pay a tax
 Grandfather clauses—allowed whites
to avoid literacy test & poll taxes
 In Plessy v Ferguson (1896), the
Supreme Court said segregation was
OK (“separate but equal”)
“Jim Crow” South from 1877 to 1954
The era after the Civil War from 1865
to 1877 is typically referred to as:
2.
3.
4.
Reconstruction
The Antebellum Era
The Era of Good Feelings
90%
The Gilded Age
10%
0% 0%
co
ns
tru
ct
io
n
te
be
llu
m
Er
a
fG
oo
d
Fe
e.
..
e
G
ild
ed
A
ge
1.
10
During this period “Radical Republicans”
in Congress easily overrode President
Andrew Johnson's vetoes and took
charge of Reconstruction.
2.
3.
4.
Reformation
30%
Presidential Reconstruction
20%
Congressional Reconstruction
Radical Rebuilding
0%
Re
Pr
fo
es
rm
id
at
en
io
tia
n
lR
e
Co
co
ng
ns
re
tr.
ss
..
io
na
lR
ec
on
Ra
...
di
ca
lR
eb
ui
ld
in
g
1.
50%
10
The Thirteenth Amendment ended
10%
ar
Ji
m
Cr
ow
W
iv
il
C
0%
La
w
s
0%
th
e
4.
co
de
s
3.
90%
Bl
ac
k
2.
slavery
Black codes
the Civil War
Jim Crow Laws
sl
av
er
y
1.
10
The Reconstruction agency formed to help
former slaves with jobs, food, education,
and other assistance was called
3.
4.
11% 11%
0%
an
In
’s
te
B
rs
ur
ta
ea
te
u
C
om
Na
m
tio
er
ce
na
...
lA
ss
oc
O
ffi
fo
rt
ce
h.
of
..
Eq
ua
lO
pp
o.
..
2.
Freedman’s Bureau
Interstate Commerce Commission
78%
National Assoc for the Advancement
of Colored People (NAACP)
Office of Equal Opportunity
Fr
ee
dm
1.
10
During Reconstruction, most tenant
farmers (sharecroppers)
made a decent living farming
their own land.
2. barely survived by farming the
40% 40%
land they rented.
3. were forced to rent out their own
land to other farmers.
10% 10%
4. were able to buy land to become
successful farmers.
ab
le
la
nd
...
to
to
w
er
e
fo
rc
ed
bu
y
re
nt
o.
.
fa
...
by
w
er
e
su
rv
iv
ed
ba
re
ly
m
ad
e
a
de
ce
nt
l
iv
in
g
...
1.
10
When President Andrew Johnson was
“impeached” he was
it.
..
w
ch
ar
ge
d
re
-e
...
al
ly
fo
rm
un
ab
l
e
to
ja
il
ru
n
fo
r
fo
rb
re
a.
..
of
fi c
e
0%
in
4.
fro
m
3.
pl
ac
ed
2.
removed from office
placed in jail for breaking a law
unable to run for re-election
40%
40%
formally charged with wrong
20%
doing in office
re
m
ov
ed
1.
10
During Reconstruction, Southern states
tried to restrict the freedoms of freed
blacks by passing:
20%
en
t
15
th
A
m
en
dm
en
t
en
dm
Th
e
13
th
A
m
Cr
ow
La
w
s
0%
Th
e
4.
30%
Ji
m
3.
50%
Co
de
s
2.
Black Codes
Jim Crow Laws
The 13th Amendment
The 15th Amendment
Bl
ac
k
1.
10
This “Reconstruction amendment”
states that no state could take away
a citizen's life, liberty, and property
"without due process of law."
17%
en
t
A
m
en
dm
en
t
16
th
A
m
en
dm
en
t
15
th
14
th
A
m
en
dm
en
t
0%
en
dm
4.
33%
m
3.
Amendment
Amendment
Amendment
Amendment
A
2.
13th
14th
15th
16th
13
th
1.
50%
10
Which group used fear &
intimidation to prevent blacks from
voting in the South?
Ta
m
m
an
y
Kl
an
Ha
ll
0%
Kl
ux
M
ag
ui
re
s
0%
Ku
0%
M
ol
ly
4.
Pa
rty
3.
100%
oc
ra
tic
2.
Democratic Party
Molly Maguires
Ku Klux Klan
Tammany Hall
De
m
1.
10
The court case that allowed for
segregation by establishing the
"separate but equal" doctrine was
1. Marbury vs. Madison.
2. Dred Scott vs. Sanford.
83%
3. Miranda vs. Arizona.
4. Plessy vs. Ferguson.
17%
vs
.F
er
gu
so
n.
on
a.
riz
Pl
es
sy
vs
.A
Sa
nf
or
d.
0%
M
i ra
nd
a
vs
.
Sc
ot
t
Dr
ed
M
ar
bu
ry
vs
.M
ad
is
on
.
0%
10
Reconstruction ended with the
la
..
..
re
ad
m
is
si
on
of
t
of
t
he
he
fir
15
t. .
.
is
si
on
of
th
e
re
ad
m
of
18
77
.
0%
is
e
4.
pa
ss
ag
e
3.
pr
om
2.
Compromise of 1877.
passage of the 15th Amendment
readmission of the first
50%
Southern state into the USA
readmission of the last 25%
25%
Southern states into the USA
Co
m
1.
10