Chapter
Section
25 Section 1
3
10.3: Political Realignment Deepens the Crisis
What developments deepened the
divisions between the North and South?
•
Analyze how deepening sectional distrust
affected the nation’s politics.
•
Compare the positions of Abraham Lincoln and
Stephen A. Douglas on the issue of slavery.
•
explain the effect of John Brown’s raid on
the slavery debate.
Political
The ColdRealignment
War Begins Deepens the Crisis
Chapter
Section
25 Section 1
3
analyze how deepening sectional distrust affected the nation’s
politics.
In the presidential election of 1856 there
were 5 political parties.
Whig Party
Failed to nominate a candidate
Republican Party
Won one-third of the popular vote and
11 northern states
Know-Nothings
Put up a candidate but dissolved over
the slavery issue
Democrats
Won with James Buchanan promising to
stop the “agitation of the slavery issue”
Free-Soil Party
Absorbed into the Republican Party
Political
The ColdRealignment
War Begins Deepens the Crisis
Chapter
Section
25 Section 1
3
analyze how deepening sectional distrust affected the nation’s
politics.
Within a year of the election, another event
intensified the divisions in the nation over slavery.
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled on the case of
Dred Scott, an enslaved man who had lived in a
free state and sued for his freedom.
Political
The ColdRealignment
War Begins Deepens the Crisis
analyze how deepening sectional distrust affected the nation’s
politics.
DRED SCOTT DECISION
(1857)
Read:
The Dred Scott Decision
Triggers Outrage,
p.341-343
• Dred Scott was a slave who
spent time with is master in
free territory
• Scott sued for his freedom
• The case was eventually heard
by the Supreme Court
• The Missouri Compromise came
into question
• Southerners favored the ruling
while Northerners did not
Chapter 10, section 3, p.341
analyze how deepening sectional distrust affected the nation’s
politics.
Dred Scott
Chapter 10, section 3, p.341
analyze how deepening sectional distrust affected the nation’s
politics.
Dred Scott
Chapter 10, section 3, p.341
Chapter
Section
25 Section 1
3
analyze how deepening sectional distrust affected the nation’s
politics.
Chief Justice
Roger B. Taney
handed down the
controversial
decision in
March, 1857.
Political
The ColdRealignment
War Begins Deepens the Crisis
Chapter
Section
25 Section 1
3
analyze how deepening sectional distrust affected the nation’s
politics.
The
Dred Scott
decision:
• ruled against
Scott.
• said slaves were
property and not
allowed to sue in
court.
• said the Missouri
Compromise was
unconstitutional.
• pleased the South.
• angered the North
and abolitionists.
Political
The ColdRealignment
War Begins Deepens the Crisis
Chapter
Section
25 Section 1
3
Compare the positions of Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas on the
issue of slavery.
In 1858, in a race for the
Illinois senate seat,
Stephen A. Douglas and
Abraham Lincoln debated
the issue of slavery.
The seven debates got
national attention.
Political
The ColdRealignment
War Begins Deepens the Crisis
LINCOLN-DOUGLASS DEBATE
(1858)
• Lincoln and Douglas
debated in the race to be
the next Senator from
Illinois
• Douglas believed in
deciding slavery by
popular sovereignty.
• Lincoln believed that
slavery should NOT be
allowed to spread into
the territories.
• Lincoln ALSO believed
the Nation could not
survive if the fighting
continued to rip the
Union apart with the
slavery issue.
Chapter 10, section 3, p.339
Sectionalism
Lincoln-Douglas Debates (1858)
Chapter 10, section 3, p.341
Chapter
Section
25 Section 1
3
Compare the positions of Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas on the
issue of slavery.
On the issue
Lincoln
Spoke with direct and deliberate
tone focusing on how slavery
was a struggle between right
and wrong.
Opposed the Kansas-Nebraska
Act, popular sovereignty, and the
Scott decision.
Opposed the annexation of
Texas.
of slavery:
Douglas
Had an energetic, commanding
voice and spoke of the political
issues.
Supported the Kansas-Nebraska
Act and popular sovereignty.
Supported the annexation of
Texas.
Political
The ColdRealignment
War Begins Deepens the Crisis
Chapter
Section
25 Section 1
3
Compare the positions of
Abraham Lincoln and
Stephen A. Douglas on
the issue of slavery.
Political
The ColdRealignment
War Begins Deepens the Crisis
Chapter
Section
25 Section 1
3
Compare the positions of Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas on the
issue of slavery.
Both candidates believed the issue of slavery
had to be resolved peacefully, within the
framework of laws.
Douglas won the Senate seat by a slim margin.
The debates gave Abraham Lincoln national
recognition that was important in the 1860
presidential election.
Political
The ColdRealignment
War Begins Deepens the Crisis
Chapter
Section
25 Section 1
3
explain the effect of John Brown’s raid on the slavery deBate.
Political
The ColdRealignment
War Begins Deepens the Crisis
Chapter
Section
25 Section 1
3
explain the effect of John Brown’s raid on the slavery deBate.
John Brown organized
a small party of men
and attacked a
federal arsenal at
Harper’s Ferry
in Virginia.
His goal was to
inspire local
slaves to join a
revolution that
would defeat
slavery.
Political
The ColdRealignment
War Begins Deepens the Crisis
Chapter
Section
25 Section 1
3
explain the effect of John Brown’s raid on the slavery deBate.
Most abolitionists
(black and white)
refused to join Brown
although a few sent
money for guns.
Brown was arrested,
tried, and executed.
Lincoln and other Republicans
condemned Brown.
The South was on
alert and many
prepared for war.
Political
The ColdRealignment
War Begins Deepens the Crisis
John
Brown’s raid
failed but
intensified
national
division.
Chapter
Section
25 Section 1
3
explain the effect of John Brown’s raid on the slavery deBate.
Near the end of the 1850s,
attempts at compromise over slavery had failed.
The possibility of war between
the North and South loomed.
Political
The ColdRealignment
War Begins Deepens the Crisis
Chapter
Section
25 Section 1
3
What developments deepened the
divisions between the North and South?
By the mid-1850s, events caused a deep divide between
sections of the nation that seemed unable to be resolved
through negotiation and compromise. As new political parties
emerged, more opinions continued to surface.
analyze how deepening sectional distrust affected the nation’s
politics.
Two key figured, Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas,
seemed to represent the main beliefs in the North.
Compare the positions of Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas on the
issue of slavery.
As the westward expansion continued, these deep sectional
differences threatened to tear the nation apart. Violent
clashes began to emerge.
explain the effect of John Brown’s raid on the slavery deBate.
Political
The ColdRealignment
War Begins Deepens the Crisis