Historical connection
with: Holland , Italy
,France ,Hungary,
Turkey
Romanian War of Independence is the name used in Romanian
historiography United Principalities participation in the Russo-Turkish War of
1877-1878. After the war, Romania gained independence from the Ottoman
Empire.
Connections between Romania and the Ottoman Empire have their
origins in the common history of the two nations who lived together through
the ages in the same geographical area. After 1878, when Romania and
Turkey have become examples of friendship, in the 134 years of diplomatic
relations, the two countries have built a strong partnership focused on
common experience able to facilitate understanding of the problems facing
the region.
In 1934, when Turkey was led by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, Romania
along with Turkey, Yugoslavia and Greece were the Balkan Entente, a year
after Titulescu Romanian Foreign Minister and Turkish Foreign Minister Rustu
Aras signed in Ankara "Treaty of Friendship, Non-aggression, Arbitration and
Conciliation between Romania and Turkey ".
This tradition is reflected and influenced the
relaunch of Romania and Turkey after 1989, which
witnessed an ever upward.
Turkey has consistently supported the candidacy of
Romania to NATO, Romania's participation for the first
time as a member of the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization Alliance Summit in Istanbul on 28-29 June
2004 with a symbolic value for the special level of relations
between the two countries, Romania supports Turkey's
European integration or aspirations.
Italy and Romania are not only united Latin roots. The emergence and
affirmation of the two countries on the European political scene involves many
interesting similarities. As in recent years, in Italy, there was a rising economic
reasons, a large Romanian community, we consider necessary to make a brief
overview of the relations between the two sister countries. Unfortunately,
ignorance of journalists and politicians exploited population of the peninsula led
to a hostile attitude against Romanians. A better understanding of the historical
ties between Romania and Italy, and we will hopefully dispel xenophobia
artificially created.
In the mid-nineteenth century Italian and Romanian patriots are
working assiduously to national rebirth of their peoples. Italian and
Romanian territories that were disparate the subject of dispute between the
great powers of Europe. Lombardy and Venice were under Austrian
occupation, and the remaining space was divided in Italian history more
strictly supervised absolutist states in Vienna. The Romanians, however, were
in place expansionary intersecting interests of three empires: Austrian,
Russian and Ottoman. Dobrogea was occupied by the Turks, Russian
Bessarabia and Bukovina, Transylvania and Banat by the Austrians. Country
Romanian and Moldova, which will be later embryo of modern Romania,
were in a relationship of vassalage to the Ottoman Empire.
Like the Italians, Romanians were included fever Revolution of 18481849. Spring has arrived and Romanian peoples who wanted breaking the chains
of imperialist and creating a nation-state. The same high feeling motivated and
Italian revolution leaders. After defeating the Romanian Revolution of 18481489, a series of Romanian revolutionaries fled to Italy. For instance, Nicholas
Bălcescu, exponent of the revolution in the Romanian Country, died in 1852 at
Palermo was buried in Italian soil. Giuseppe Mazzini and Giuseppe Garibaldi
sympathized because Romanian people.
Romania and Italy in World War fought on the same side : the Entente .
Between 1916-1918 worked in Romania a French military mission . At the end of
the war saw both countries met national interests. On 1 December 1918 appeared
Romania Mare. This date became the National Day of Romania after the 1989
revolution . In the interwar period Italian- Romanian ties have weakened in
intensity. Dictatorship of Benito Mussolini made ​the problem of international
relations , the two countries have different views . Romania called for democracy
and supported the League of Nations. Italo- Romanian ties became hostile during
1935-1936 when Italy invaded Ethiopia. Great Romanian diplomat Nicolae
Titulescu openly condemned this aggression , which displeased the fascist power
of Rome. Therefore, Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany directed the Second Vienna
Arbitration ( August 30, 1940 ) that northwestern Transylvania was ceded to
Hungary , although most of the population was made up of Romanian .
În perioada comunistă legăturile dintre cele două state au
fost influenţate de către ostilitatea dintre blocurile politico-militare
create de lumea capitalistă şi cea comunistă. După căderea regimului
comunist din România, în decembrie 1989, între Roma şi Bucureşti
au reînflorit bunele relaţii. În ultimul deceniu numeroşi români se află
plecaţi la lucru în Italia. Din nefericire, presa aflată într-o perpetuă
căutare de subiecte senzaţionale a creat un curent rasist căruia îi cad
victime românii nevinovaţi. Această stare de fapt, care aminteşte de
fascism şi nazism, trebuie zdrobită fără cruţare. În spaţiul democratic
al Uniunii Europene nu este loc pentru xenofobie sau rasism.
France played a key role in the modern history of Romania. We can
say that without the help of France, the emergence of Romanian state political
map of Europe, perhaps, would not be produced. Romanian people have a
great debt to the French people and is extremely unfortunate that in recent
years the traditional Franco-Romanian relations have deteriorated. Politicians
in Paris were seduced stakes election tabloids have adopted attitudes towards
Romania, while the Romanian political class proved unable to keep French
friendship. The days when France was considered "Latin sister" or "second
homeland" are long gone. Myopia, lack of depth, lack of cooperation and even
racism as promiţătoarele fractured ties between Paris and Bucharest. It is
useful and necessary to understand the role played by France in history.
In World War Romania and France stood on the same side. Restoring
Romanian army after the disaster of the 1916 campaign was made with the
support of the French military mission led by General Henri Mathias Berthelot.
Russian failure in 1918 forced Romania to emerge from the war, although the
treaty signed with the Allies in 1916 undertook not to conclude a separate
peace. Nevertheless, France understood that Romania had no other alternative
and the just held our country's territorial claims in the Paris Peace Conference
(1919-1920). Politicians have recognized the rights of Romania over Bessarabia
Protocol Paris (October 28, 1920). French-Romanian friendship was
strengthened by the signing in 1926 of an agreement of mutual assistance. In
1939, France and Britain guaranteed the borders of Romania.
France has shown, both in official and the citizens, sympathy and
solidarity to face the Romanian Revolution of 1989, the event that triggered
the fall of communism.
After December 1989, the Franco-Romanian relations have
developed considerably. Exchange of official visits have multiplied,
including at the highest level, which allowed to set up a solid partnership
political, economic and cultural differences between the two countries.
Worth emphasizing in particular the active support of France for integration
in the political, economic and European and Euro-Atlantic security.
In 2010 we celebrated the 130th anniversary of bilateral
diplomatic relations.
The border between Romania and Hungary is an
international border, 448.0 km long, bounding Romania and
Hungary. It is a south-westerly direction - north-east, which
separates western Romania (Transylvania) Hungary.
Currently, it has a length of 448.0 km, of which 415.9 km
is land and 32.1 km border border river.
While official historiography Romania and Hungary highlights
conflicts rather long history of attempts to unite the two countries has
been silenced.
"Romano-Hungary" should be followed to take the form of a
dynastic union made ​around King Ferdinand I or around King Charles II.
Most proponents of Romanian-Hungarian union were Banffy
and Teleki counts .
One of the lesser-known details of the
shared history of Romania and Hungary plans is the
union of the two states. It attempts that took place
in the interwar period. Hungary defeated and
isolated after the first world war, the economy
ruined and reduced to a third of the territory area
that was the beginning of the century, tried a near
Romania. A number of politicians from the
conservative right and the Hungarian fascist groups
have proposed to establish a dynastic union
between the two countries.
made by :
Paven
Ioama
Alexandra