325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
Monday November 18, 2013
1. Turn in 6.3 assignment
2. Answer the following in notebook:
•
•
•
Name 3 things Jefferson did when he
first took office
What important concept/principle did
John Marshall establish?
Why did Lewis & Clark explore
Louisiana?
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
Section 3: The Age of Jefferson, Objectives
What were the successes and failures
of the Jefferson administrations?
• Understand why some saw Jefferson’s election
as a “republican revolution.”
• Explain the impact of John Marshall’s tenure
as Chief Justice of the United States.
• Identify the importance of the Louisiana
Purchase.
• analyze Jefferson’s foreign policies.
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
Understand why some saw Jefferson’s election as a “republican
revolution.”
Thomas Jefferson viewed his election as a
revolution in the principles of government.
• Federalists held expensive public displays
to gain respect for the government.
Jefferson ended these as aristocratic
threats to the republic.
• Where the Federalists discouraged
public criticism, Jefferson invited
debate and discussion.
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
Understand why some saw Jefferson’s election as a “republican
revolution.”
In office, Jefferson reduced the national debt, the
government bureaucracy, and
the size of the military. He also
cut unpopular taxes on land
and whiskey.
He benefited from increased
revenues from foreign trade
and the sale of western lands.
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
Explain the impact of John Marshall’s tenure as Chief Justice of
the United States.
• He was a Federalist
N
O
T
E
S
• A last-minute appointee,
Marshall eventually
served 35 years and
participated in over a
thousand court
decisions.
In 1801,
John Marshall
became
Chief Justice of the
Supreme Court.
• Marshall wrote over half
of those decisions
himself, more than any
other Supreme Court
Justice.
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
Explain the impact of John Marshall’s tenure as Chief Justice of
The Court’s role is to
the United States.
determine if acts of
Congress or the President
N
are constitutional, a concept
O
Marshall
known as judicial review.
1
T
E
S
applied four
Federalist
principles to
his decisions:
2
The Constitution is to be
3 interpreted broadly based on
Federal laws are superior to
state laws.
the government’s implied
powers.
4
Contracts should be
strictly enforced.
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
Explain the impact of John Marshall’s tenure as Chief Justice of
the United States.
Marshall established judicial review in
Marbury v. Madison
• In 1801, outgoing President John Adams appointed
William Marbury (Federalist) to be a judge.
• Incoming Secretary of State James Madison
(Democratic Republican) refused to give Marbury
his appointment, so Marbury sued.
• Marshall ruled against Marbury stating that the
Judiciary Act of 1789 was unconstitutional.
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
Explain the impact of John Marshall’s tenure as Chief Justice of
the United States.
Marshall’s ruling was a stroke of genius that gave
the court more power which was a Federalist goal.
Because Madison and the Democratic Republicans
won the case, he could not appeal.
Marshall’s decision set the precedent
that the
Supreme Court is the institution
that determines the
constitutionality of laws
(judicial review).
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
Explain the impact of John Marshall’s tenure as Chief Justice of
the United States.
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
Identify the importance of the Louisiana Purchase.
N
O
T
E
S
In 1803, Jefferson doubled the area of the United
States by purchasing the Louisiana Territory.
• Jefferson saw farm ownership as
an ideal that freed citizens from a
landlord or employer.
• He wanted to expand the U.S.
westward so more Americans could
be free farmers.
• But, French Emperor Napoleon owned Louisiana and
threatened to forbid American farmers from using the
port of New Orleans.
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
Identify the importance of the Louisiana Purchase.
N
O
T
E
S
Jefferson asked to buy New Orleans.
To his surprise, Napoleon offered to sell the
entire Louisiana Territory.
• Jefferson decided to
contradict his “strict
construction” principles.
(The power to purchase
foreign territory is not
specifically granted by the
Constitution.)
• The deal was too good to
pass up!
The Louisiana Purchase
added 828,000 square
miles and doubled the
U.S. for only $15 million.
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
Identify the importance of the Louisiana Purchase.
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
Identify the importance of the Louisiana Purchase.
N
O
T
E
S
Jefferson sent a “Corps of Discovery” led by
Meriwether Lewis and William Clark to explore
the territory.
The corps was tasked with
learning about the climate,
plants, seeds, animals, and
native people.
The Lewis and Clark
Expedition was aided by
Sacajawea, a Shoshone woman.
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
Illinois side – where the Corps of
Discovery began
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
Looking to Missouri where the
Missouri River meets the
Mississippi River
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
Closer up
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
It was flooded from all the
rains, can you tell?
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
Ft. Kaskaskia, IL
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
Identify the importance of the Louisiana Purchase.
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
analyze Jefferson’s foreign policies.
Jefferson
faced several
foreign affairs
challenges.
• In 1805, the Barbary state
of Tripoli raised their price
for “protection” against
pirates.
• Jefferson refused to pay,
sending his small navy
instead. They defeated the
pirates.
• This Barbary War was
America’s first overseas
victory.
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
analyze Jefferson’s foreign policies.
War between
France and
Britain brought
profits for
American
merchants but
also led to
trouble.
•
The British Navy began
stopping American ships and
confiscating their cargo.
•
To meet a shortage of
sailors, they also began to
force or “press” American
sailors to serve in the British
Navy, a practice called
impressment.
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
analyze Jefferson’s foreign policies.
Jefferson asked
Congress for an
embargo, hoping a
loss of American
goods would change
Britain’s policies.
The embargo failed to
hurt Britain, but
American merchants
and farmers suffered
from unemployment,
bankruptcy, and
loss of profits.
Despite the failure of the embargo, the U.S.
expanded westward, grew economically,
and reduced its debt.
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
“Revolution of 1800”
*
*
*
Conflict with Supreme Court
*
*
*
Jefferson’s
Presidency
1800-1808
Louisiana Purchase
*
*
*
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
Foreign Policies
*
*
*
analyze Jefferson’s foreign policies.
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson
325
Section
Chapter
Section
1
What were the successes and failures of the
Jefferson administrations?
In 1800, the Democratic Republicans took control of the
presidency, Congress, and most of the state governments.
The Federalists would never reclaim national power.
Understand why some saw Jefferson’s election as a “republican
revolution.”
Explain the impact of John Marshall’s tenure as Chief Justice of
the United States.
The Jefferson administration changed the style of
government and acquired a huge new territory for the
United States while also dealing with foreign nations.
Identify the importance of the Louisiana Purchase.
analyze Jefferson’s foreign policies.
The Cold War
Begins
The Age
of Jefferson