MUCKRAKERS
& Reformers
Take out a piece of lined paper, put the heading
on it, enter it in your TOC as page 12.
Have your hand written notes for immigration
to show us for a grade due FRIDAY
Pre-Test #4 in Review Book due MONDAY.
Muckrakers-Journalist and Artist that
EXPOSED Corruption and Injustice
•
IDA TARBELL- History of Standard Oil
Ruthless practice of Standard Oil and Monopolies
•
JACOB RIIS- How the Other Half Lives
Condition of the poor in New York City tenements (living conditions).
•
UPTON SINCLAIR-The Jungle
Dangerous and unsafe conditions in meat packing industry.
•
LINCOLN STEFFENS-Shame of the Cities
Political corruption in city government, Boss Tweed
•
JOHN SPARGO-Bitter Cry of the Children
The abuses and hardship of children in the coal mines.
REGENTS QUESTIONS
How the Other Half Lives, Jacob Riis (1890) The Jungle, Upton Sinclair (1906)
The Grapes of Wrath, John Steinbeck (1939) Unsafe at Any Speed, Ralph Nader
(1965)
1. What has been the impact of these authors and their books on American society
These works have had significant influence on social, political, and economic reforms.
2. The purpose of the Interstate Commerce Act (1887), the Sherman Antitrust Act (1890),
and the Clayton Antitrust Act (1914) was to
eliminate unfair business practices
3. Jacob Riis, in How the Other Half Lives, and Lincoln Steffens, in The Shame of the
Cities, contributed to reform movements in the United States by
exposing poverty and corruption
4. Lincoln Steffens and Jane Addams are best known for
attempting to ease the problems of the urban poor
“Jane Addams Opens Hull House” “Jacob Riis Photographs Tenement Residents” “Ida
Tarbell Exposes Standard Oil Company”
5. These headlines represent efforts by
correct abuses of the Industrial Revolution
REFORMERS
Goals were to bring Change
•
Problems of Poverty-Created building codes for safer living
conditions
•
Social Settlement movement- provided education, child
care, finding jobs for workers and immigrants-
JANE ADDAMS- Hull house
•
Child Labor- National Child Labor Committee- forced state
laws to end child labor.
•
Women’s Suffrage Movement- Elizabeth Cady Stanton
& Susan B. Anthony fought to get women the right to
Vote. Alice Paul- 19th Amendment
REFORMERS
Goals were to bring CHANGE
•
Booker T Washington- Urged Vocational training for African
Americans
•
W.E.B. DuBois- Created NAACP protested unfair treatment and
supported education
•
Samual Gomper- Created American Federation of Labor
protested for better wages and working conditions
•
Ida B. Wells- Fought to end lynching, demanded women the right
to Vote and founding member of NAACP.
REFORMERS
Goals were to bring CHANGE
CITY GOVERNMENT- Demanded and end to political Machines, bribes in
return for favors. Set up City Commissioner, or City Manager
STATE GOVERNMENTS•
Secret ballot- from Populist Party demands
•
Initiatives- ex: Prop 8 or legalization of marijuana in Colorado
•
Referendums- voter decide on amendments to constitution
•
Recall- forces elected official out of office
•
Direct primary- allows voters to elect candidates to represent each
party.
Important Legislation due to Progressive Movement
Sherman & Clayton Anti Trust Acts-outlawed monopolies and price fixing
Pure Drug and food Act- outlawed mislabeling or diluted food
Meat Inspection Act-federal inspection of meat processing
Federal Reserve Act- created a federal bank to ensure stability
16th and 17th Amendments- Income Tax and Direct election of senators.
Department of Labor & Dept. of Commerce- Worker & Consumer Protections
18th Amendment- Illegal to sale, manufacturing and distribution of alcohol
19th Amendment- Women- Right to Vote for Woman
Which heading best completes the partial outline below?
I. ___________________________
A. Secret ballot
B. Direct election of
senators
C. Recall
D. Referendum
Progressive Reforms
Which law was passed as a result of muckraking literature?
Meat Inspection Act
Muckrakers contributed to the rise of Progressivism in the early years of the
20th century by
exposing widespread corruption in business and government
During the Progressive Era, Jane Addams responded to urban conditions by
working to establish
settlement houses that provided assistance to the poor
A goal of the Progressive movement was to
correct the problems caused by industrialization
Progressive Era reforms such as the initiative, referendum, and recall
attempted to
increase the power of citizens in state and local government
Progressive Era authors such as Jacob Riis and Upton Sinclair are best known
for
focusing attention on social conditions