
Aim: How did religion spark reform in
American society?

 Second Great Awakening:
religious movement in which
individual responsibility for
seeking salvation and the
need for personal and social
improvement was
emphasized
 Rejected the idea of
predestination
 Promoted individualism and
responsibility
Aim: How did religion spark reform in
American society?

 Second Great
Awakening:(cont.)
 Revivalism: emotional
meetings designed to
awaken religious faith
through passionate
preaching and prayer
 Ex: Charles Grandison
Finney
Aim: How did religion spark reform in
American society?
 Second Great
Awakening:(cont.)

 Enslaved AfricanAmerican embrace
Christianity
 Baptist and Methodist
churches were open to
both blacks and whites
 Free African-Americans
establish churches
 Richard Allen-Bethel
African Church in
Philadelphia
Aim: How did religion spark reform in
American society?

 Reform of Asylums and
Prisons:
 Dorothea Dix:
 Reported on the
inhumane conditions in
prisons and asylums
 Result:
 1843-laws passed at
improving conditions
 1845-1852: Helped to set
up hospitals for the
mental ill
 Focused on rehabilitation

Aim: How did the abolitionist movement
attempt to eliminate slavery?

 Rural Slavery:




Large plantation lifestyle
Endless labor
Strict conditions
Unskilled work
 Urban Slavery:
 Growth of cotton industry
created a demand for
slaves
 Skilled laborers
Aim: How did the abolitionist movement
attempt to eliminate slavery?
 Nat Turner’s Rebellion:

 Preacher that spurred on
rebellion
 1831- Turner attacked four
plantations with 80 men
 Result:
 Rebellion put down by
federal and state troops
 Turner caught and put to
death
 Strengthened southern
resolve to control their
slaves
Aim: How did the abolitionist movement
attempt to eliminate slavery?

 Abolitionist Movement:
 A call to outlaw slavery
 William Lloyd Garrison:
 Editor of The Liberator
 Called for emancipation
(free of the slaves with
no payment to
slaveholders)
 New England AntiSlavery Society
 National Anti-Slavery
Society
Aim: How did the abolitionist movement
attempt to eliminate slavery?

 Abolitionist Movement:
(cont.)
 David Walker
 Appeal to the Colored
Citizens of the World 1829
 Fight for freedom
rather than waiting for
slave owners to end
slavery
Aim: How did the abolitionist movement
attempt to eliminate slavery?

 Abolitionist Movement:
(cont.)
 Frederick Douglass:
 Hoped political action
could abolish slavery
 The North Star


Aim: What role did women play in reforming
American society in the 1800’s?

 Role of Women mid-1800’s:
 Cult of domesticity
 Focus on home and family
 Activities restricted to
housework and child care
 No right to vote
 No right to sit on a jury
Aim: What role did women play in reforming
American society in the 1800’s?

 Women and the reform
movement:
 Sarah and Angelina
Grimke-Abolitionists
 An Appeal to Christian
Women of the South
 Raised money, literature,
petitioned Congress
 Temperance Movement:
 An effort to prohibit the
drinking of alcohol
Aim: What role did women play in reforming
American society in the 1800’s?

 Women and the reform
movement: (cont.)
 Education:
 Emma Willard- Troy
Female Seminary 1821
 Mary Lyon-Mount
Holyoke Female
Seminary 1837
 Health:
 Elizabeth Blackwell-New
York Infirmary for
Women and Children
Aim: What role did women play in reforming
American society in the 1800’s?

 Women’s Rights
Movement:
 Seneca Falls 1848:
 Elizabeth Cady Stanton
and Lucretia Mott
 Declaration of Sentimentsstatement of grievances
 Modeled after the
Declaration of
Independence