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Born in Austria, 1889
Not accepted into Art school
Fought in WWI, got interested in politics
Leader of Nazi party
Dictator
Anti-semitism
Committed suicide April 30, 1945
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Territorial expansion to assert superiority and
strength
promotes political violence and war as
actions that create national spirit
“corporatist” economy- big business and
state work together to set national economic
policies
Authoritarian democracy- rule of the most
qualified seeks to represent the different
interests of a society
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United States – joined in 1941
Great Britain
France
Soviet Union
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Over 50 countries worldwide
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Germany
Italy
Japan
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Others: Hungary, Romania, etc
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EUROPE
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THE PACIFIC
 Instigated by Nazi’s who
 Instigated by the Japanese
invaded Poland
 Major battles in France,
Belgium, Italy, Northern
Africa
 Ended in spring of 1945
when the Axis powers
were unable to regain the
Western Front. During this
time Mussolini was killed
by his own people and
Hitler committed suicide.
who bombed Pearl Harbor
in 1941
 Major battles: Midway, Iwo
Jima, Okinawa
 Ended in August of 1945
after the United States
dropped two atomic
bombs on Japan at
Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
*There were also battles fought in Northern Africa (French colonies)
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Schutzstaffel
Protective Squadron  Hitler
Heinrich Himmler  leader of S.S.. Created
concentration camps
Extreme loyalty
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Geheime Staatspolizei, "Secret State Police“
Formed in 1933
sub-group of the S.S.
1936 the Gestapo Law no judicial oversight
46,000 members during the war
In charge of investigating accusations made
by German citizens against others
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systematic genocide  the “Final Solution”
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Influenced by feelings of superiority and blame placed on the Jews for
WWI and its aftermath
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Eugenics  improving genetic composition of a population. Nazi idea
of “cleansing”
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Included the execution of:
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*German descent
did not protect
the victims of the
holocaust
Jews
gypsies
communists
Soviet POWs
Polish and Soviet civilians
homosexuals
people with disabilities
Jehovah's Witnesses
political and religious opponents of the Nazi Party
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Born in Sighet, Transylvania (Romania) , 1928
Lived in a ghetto in Sighet before being shipping to
Auschwitz with his family
Sent to a work camp with his father where he stayed
for over 8 months and was shuffled between 3
different camps
Was released when Buchenwald was liberated in April
1945
10 year vow of silence after the war
Wrote about his experiences during the Holocaust in
the book Night and many other books
Won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1986
Still speaks and makes appearances today
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Jews moved from their homes to ghettos
Walled off or surrounded by barbed wire
Leaving = death
Conditions
*In the Warsaw Ghetto, there
 Crowded
 Bad sanitation
were 400,000 people
crammed into 1.3 sq. mi.
*Approx. 7.2 people per room
 Starvation
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Jews either killed in ghettos or sent to
concentration camps
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A network of concentration and
extermination camps in Nazi-occupied
Poland
1940 first camp built
“Selections” – 2 groups
Work
Medical experiments