Ch. 9

Ida Tarbell – History of the Standard Oil
Company
Upton Sinclair – The Jungle
Frederick W.
Taylor
Robert M. LaFollette - Wisconsin
Hiram Johnson – California
James Hogg- Texas
Illinois
Factory Act
1893

YMCA, Salvation Army, settlement houses, Florence
Kelley.
Women’s Christian Temperance
Union, Frances Willard, and the
Anti-Saloon League.
It established a variety of public institutions such as parks, settlement house, passage of the Illinois Factory Act.
involved the adoption of prohibition by many towns and state governments.
Eugene V. Debs, the American
Socialist Movement and muckrakers such as Ida Tarbell and Upton Sinclair.
public exposure of corruption.
Frederick W. Taylor, Henry
Ford, and Ford Motor.
National Child Labor
Committee; Louis Brandies;
Florence Kelley; Josephine
Goldman
: wide spread adoption of the theory of scientific management, the Ford assembly line, and the “Five Dollar Day”.
Keating-Owen Act; state child labor laws;
Muller v. Oregon; Bunting v. Oregon; workers compensation law
Mayors Hazen Pingree,
Tom Johnson
Adoption of the commission system and city-manager forms of government and property tax reforms.
Widespread adoption of the secret ballot, initiative, referendum, recall, and direct primary and passage of the
17 th Amendment.

Agricultural; domestic; manufacturing
White collar jobs
Agricultural; domestic; Agricultural; domestic; piecework; taking in boarders; manufacturing
New women’s college’s established
Marriage was no longer a woman’s only alternative; offered opportunities to pursue a profession; offered opportunities to devote oneself to volunteer work and reform movement
Tried to convince state
Legislatures to grant women
The right to vote
Pursued court cases to test the Fourteenth
Amendment
Campaigned for a national constitutional amendment to grant women the right to vote
Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, and Idaho granted women the right to vote; efforts failed in other states failed
The Supreme Court ruled that women were citizens, but that citizenship did not automatically confer the right to vote

What steps did Roosevelt take to solve each problem?
Roosevelt : Called both sides to the White House to negotiate; threatened to take over the mines
Roosevelt: Filed suits under the Sherman Antitrust Act against many trusts.
Which legislation helped solve the problem?
None.
Sherman Antitrust Act
Roosevelt: Urged Congress to strengthen the Interstate
Commerce Act; fought for passage of the Elkins Act and
Hepburn Act
Roosevelt: Appointed a commission to study the meatpacking industry; pushed for passage of the Meat
Inspection Act.
Roosevelt: Promoted conservation of natural resources; set aside thousand of acres of forest reserves, waterpower sites, wildlife sanctuaries, and national parks. Named a conservative to the head of the U.S. Forest Service
Roosevelt: None or appointed an
African American as head of
Charleston, South Carolina customhouse; refused to dismiss an
African American postmistress in
Mississippi; invited Booker T.
Washington to dinner
Interstate Commerce Act ,
Elkins Act and Hepburn Act
Meat Inspection Act; Pure Food and Drug Act
Legislation: National Reclamation Act
(Newlands Act)
Legislation: None

Progressives
Progressives: Opposed Taft because he had signed and defended the
Payne-Aldrich Tariff, seemed to oppose conservation, and supported conservative boss Joseph Cannon
Conservatives
Conservatives: Supported Taft because they opposed progressivism,
Roosevelt, and low tariffs and because they favored big business.
Progressives: Progressive or Bull
Moose Party
Conservatives: Republican Party
Progressive
Party
Theodore
Roosevelt
Republican
Party
William
Howard Taft
Democratic
Party
Woodrow
Wilson
Socialist Party
Eugene V. Debs
Supported government action to supervise big business, but did not oppose all big business monopolies.
Favored big business, but worked to break up monopolies
Supported small business and free market competition
Felt that big business was evil and that the solution involved doing away with capitalism and distributing wealth.

What were the aims of each piece of legislation or constitutional amendment?
Set up the Federal Trade Commission with the power to investigate corporations and unfair business practices.
Strengthened the Sherman Anti Trust Act: Freed labor unions and farm organizations from antitrust laws; prohibited most injunctions against strikers
Substantially reduced tariff rates for the first time since the Civil War
Legalized a federal income tax
Established the Federal Reserve System, a decentralized private banking system under federal control
Increased activism of local and grass roots groups; the use of new strategies to build enthusiasm; regeneration of the national movement under Carrie Chapman Catt
19 th Amendment
Opposed federal anti lynching legislation; appointed segregationists to his cabinet; failed to oppose the resegregation of federal offices.