IMPORTANT ANNOUNCEMENT
•
The Tuesday and Wednesday lab sections will have a lab quiz next week
•
The Thursday lab section (this section) will not have a lab quiz next week.
•
People from the Tuesday and Wednesday lab sections are being required to
take the lab quiz with the lab section they are registered for. If they attend
lab on Thursday to avoid the lab quiz, they will receive a zero on the lab
quiz.
•
There is an announcement to this effect on the main course web page
( @ bioweb.html).
Nonvascular Plants
Bio 131 General Botany Lab
Phylum Hepatophyta
thallose liverwort gametophyte
air pores (cause
pebbly appearance)
note dichotomous
branching
rhizoids are
underneath
Phylum Hepatophyta
Marchantia,
a thallose liverwort
photo by Ross Clark
Phylum Hepatophyta
Thallose Liverworts
Marchantia gametophytes
Archegoniophores
Antheridiophores
Phylum Hepatophyta
Thallose Liverworts
Marchantia gametophyte
storage tissue (nonphotosynthetic)
cross sections
photosynthetic
tissue
photo by Ross Clark
photo by Ross Clark
scales
air
pore
rhizoids
(note pegs)
storage tissue (nonphotosynthetic)
Phylum Hepatophyta
Thallose Liverworts
Marchantia gemma cups
(found on top of
gametophyte)
gemma cups
gemmae
gemmae
photo by Ross Clark
Phylum Hepatophyta
Thallose Liverworts
Marchantia
antheridiophores
antheridial disk or splash platform
antheridia with sperm
within
photosynthetic tissue
Phylum Hepatophyta
Thallose Liverworts
Marchantia
archegoniophores
archegonial rays
(archegonia hang
underneath)
venter
egg
rhizoids
archegonia
neck
neck canal
Phylum Hepatophyta
Thallose Liverworts
Marchantia Sporophyte
foot
seta or stalk
calyptra
meiospores (n) and elaters (2n)
sporangium wall
photo by Ross Clark
Phylum Hepatophyta
Leafy Liverworts
One of the obvious
differences between leafy
liverworts and mosses is that
the leaves of leafy liverworts
have dorsal and ventral
lobes. The smaller ventral
lobes are underneath the
dorsal lobes, when you view
the liverwort from above.
Frullania gametophytes
dorsal lobe
ventral lobe
photo by Ross Clark
Moss protonemata (Phylum Bryophyta)
photo by Ross Clark
Note the leafy moss gametophytes growing
from the alga-like protonemata.
Phylum Bryophyta
Mosses
protonema
This is from a prepared slide.
Protonemata are normally
bright green.
Phylum Bryophyta
Mosses
Gametophytes and Sporophytes
calyptra (covering the capsule)
(= sporangium; 2n)
(= stalk; 2n)
Note: Mosses do not have microphylls, because there is no vascular tissue.
Phylum Bryophyta
Hairycap moss
(Polytrichum)
Note:
gametophytes (n)
stalks (setae) – 2n
sporangia (capsules) – 2n
photo by Ross Clark
Phylum Bryophyta
Mosses
antheridia
Mnium (= a moss genus) antheridia
This is the top of a male
gametophyte.
paraphyses
= sterile structures
which help to preserve
the film of water
leaves
All of these structures are haploid.
antheridial head
Phylum Bryophyta
Mosses
Mnium archegonia
neck and neck canal
venter with egg within
paraphyses
All of these structures are haploid.
operculum
Phylum Bryophyta
Mosses
Polytrichum capsule (= sporangium)
a very well-worn
capsule! (probably more
than a year old)
peristome
operculum (= cap)
columella
greenish-yellow
material consists
of the spores
spores
Not a moss?!?
Hey! . . . It’s Spanish Moss, a flowering plant (a bromeliad)
These are
true leaves!
(megaphylls)
Spanish “moss” isn’t a moss,
because it has flowers, fruits
and seeds.
That stuff that gets caught on your
fishhooks isn’t moss, either.