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15 Multiple choice questions
Term
1 of 15
State the hazards associated with underground cables & how to minimise the risk at the design
stage.
The slope is the hazard which can cause harm to pedestrians. The risk is that pedestrians
will slip down the slope and incur injury which could be grazes or broken bones etc. The
solution is to divide the area into horizontal layers incorporating retaining walls and access,
using winding paths with shallow gradients, the installation of handrails for steps and
steeper parts of sloping paths to increase safety and the use of non-slip surfaces on steps
and paths.
Ponds - steep banks or slippery slopes, the water itself (drowning of children) and stagnant
water diseases. . a water feature or a fountain, the hazard itself e.g. slipping or falling into
the pond and the consequence of injury, electrocution or drowning
Underground cables - danger when excavating by hand or machine for construction or
planting or cables fouling machines.; Ensuring the line and depth of both new and existing
cable is clearly and accurately marked on plans, specify realignment or deeper burial of
cables, designing around the cables i.e. avoid the need for excavations or deep planting
pits over or adjacent to the cables.
Could become slippery due to a build-up of wet leaves or algae. The low growing branches
could also be a hazard to those using the decked area.
The use of anti-slip surfaces e.g. grooved boards, pressure washing or scrubbing the
surface, applying anti-slip treatments and removing or reducing the tree cover will minimise
the risks.
Term
2 of 15
State the hazards associated with old trees
Overhead power cables - may be high voltage and low cables becoming entangled with
machinery, plants or long planks.
Old trees - falling rotten branches, the whole tree toppling over and general debris on the
ground.
Unsafe bridge over a watercourse - rotten or missing planks, slippery surface and broken
handrail.
Unsafe buildings - falling masonry, loose roof tiles and broken glass.
Term
3 of 15
State hazards associated with Access
A pathway under trees which is dark is a potential hazard and trips, slips and falls are risks.
Designing a new route for the path away from trees would be a suitable method of risk
reduction.
Overhead power cables - may be high voltage and low cables becoming entangled with
machinery, plants or long planks.
Old trees - falling rotten branches, the whole tree toppling over and general debris on the
ground.
Ponds - steep banks or slippery slopes, the water itself (drowning of children) and stagnant
water diseases. . a water feature or a fountain, the hazard itself e.g. slipping or falling into
the pond and the consequence of injury, electrocution or drowning
Term
4 of 15
State the hazards associated with unsafe bridge over a watercourse
Unsafe buildings - falling masonry, loose roof tiles and broken glass.
Unsafe bridge over a watercourse - rotten or missing planks, slippery surface and broken
handrail.
Old trees - falling rotten branches, the whole tree toppling over and general debris on the
ground.
Overhead power cables - may be high voltage and low cables becoming entangled with
machinery, plants or long planks.
Term
5 of 15
How to minimise the risks associated with plant hazards at the design stage.
A risk is the chance or probability/likelihood that a person will be harmed or experience an
adverse health effect if exposed to a hazard. A risk is normally categorised as high, medium
or low together with the outcome e.g. the high likelihood of someone slipping on a steep
grass slope and falling resulting in bruises or possible broken bones. A risk is an identified
specific danger which could arise from a hazard
A hazard is any source of potential danger, damage or adverse health effect to humans e.g.
an area of open water or a steep slope, plants with thorns. A hazard is something which is
identified as being potentially dangerous or which can cause harm to humans .
• specifying the use of prepared and treated timber to avoid splinters,
• specifying correct construction methods to avoid slip and trip hazards e.g. no raised
edges and the grooved boards to be laid across the main direction of travel,
• avoiding the design of a wooden decking area underneath deciduous trees to avoid
slipping on leaves,
• specifying that the decking was non-slip.
The placing of plants with sharp thorns or irritant sap away from paths or areas used by
children, not using plants that are a hazard e.g. plants with irritant sap and placing
deciduous trees whose leaves could be hazardous in the autumn when they fall on paths
and seating areas in more appropriate locations within a garden.
Term
6 of 15
State the hazards associated with a steeply sloping garden & how to minimise the risks.
Could become slippery due to a build-up of wet leaves or algae. The low growing branches
could also be a hazard to those using the decked area.
The use of anti-slip surfaces e.g. grooved boards, pressure washing or scrubbing the
surface, applying anti-slip treatments and removing or reducing the tree cover will minimise
the risks.
The slope is the hazard which can cause harm to pedestrians. The risk is that pedestrians
will slip down the slope and incur injury which could be grazes or broken bones etc. The
solution is to divide the area into horizontal layers incorporating retaining walls and access,
using winding paths with shallow gradients, the installation of handrails for steps and
steeper parts of sloping paths to increase safety and the use of non-slip surfaces on steps
and paths.
Ponds - steep banks or slippery slopes, the water itself (drowning of children) and stagnant
water diseases. . a water feature or a fountain, the hazard itself e.g. slipping or falling into
the pond and the consequence of injury, electrocution or drowning
Underground cables - danger when excavating by hand or machine for construction or
planting or cables fouling machines.; Ensuring the line and depth of both new and existing
cable is clearly and accurately marked on plans, specify realignment or deeper burial of
cables, designing around the cables i.e. avoid the need for excavations or deep planting
pits over or adjacent to the cables.
Term
7 of 15
State the hazards associated with Unsafe Buildings
Unsafe bridge over a watercourse - rotten or missing planks, slippery surface and broken
handrail.
Unsafe buildings - falling masonry, loose roof tiles and broken glass.
Overhead power cables - may be high voltage and low cables becoming entangled with
machinery, plants or long planks.
Old trees - falling rotten branches, the whole tree toppling over and general debris on the
ground.
Term
8 of 15
State hazards associated with the location of a flight of garden steps. Design solutions which
reduce the risks associated with a flight of garden steps.
Underground cables - danger when excavating by hand or machine for construction or
planting or cables fouling machines.; Ensuring the line and depth of both new and existing
cable is clearly and accurately marked on plans, specify realignment or deeper burial of
cables, designing around the cables i.e. avoid the need for excavations or deep planting
pits over or adjacent to the cables.
Could become slippery due to a build-up of wet leaves or algae. The low growing branches
could also be a hazard to those using the decked area.
The use of anti-slip surfaces e.g. grooved boards, pressure washing or scrubbing the
surface, applying anti-slip treatments and removing or reducing the tree cover will minimise
the risks.
Candidates who linked the location of the steps to a hazard e.g. steps located under trees
where wet leaves or shade could cause a slip hazard and long flights of steps on steep
slopes unbroken by landings were awarded full marks. Suitable design solutions included
steps with hand rails, the specification of non-slip materials, contouring the steps on steep
slopes, appropriate treads and risers according to the steepness of the slope and avoiding
placing steps under trees.
The slope is the hazard which can cause harm to pedestrians. The risk is that pedestrians
will slip down the slope and incur injury which could be grazes or broken bones etc. The
solution is to divide the area into horizontal layers incorporating retaining walls and access,
using winding paths with shallow gradients, the installation of handrails for steps and
steeper parts of sloping paths to increase safety and the use of non-slip surfaces on steps
and paths.
Term
9 of 15
Plant hazards
A hazard is any source of potential danger, damage or adverse health effect to humans e.g.
an area of open water or a steep slope, plants with thorns. A hazard is something which is
identified as being potentially dangerous or which can cause harm to humans .
The placing of plants with sharp thorns or irritant sap away from paths or areas used by
children, not using plants that are a hazard e.g. plants with irritant sap and placing
deciduous trees whose leaves could be hazardous in the autumn when they fall on paths
and seating areas in more appropriate locations within a garden.
A risk is the chance or probability/likelihood that a person will be harmed or experience an
adverse health effect if exposed to a hazard. A risk is normally categorised as high, medium
or low together with the outcome e.g. the high likelihood of someone slipping on a steep
grass slope and falling resulting in bruises or possible broken bones. A risk is an identified
specific danger which could arise from a hazard
Euphorbia characias subsp. wulfenii
Digitalis purpurea
Laburnum x watererii 'Vossii"
sap if broken - damage to skin/eyes,
Term
10 of 15
State the hazards associated with wooden decking under a low growing tree & how to minimise
the risks.
Could become slippery due to a build-up of wet leaves or algae. The low growing branches
could also be a hazard to those using the decked area.
The use of anti-slip surfaces e.g. grooved boards, pressure washing or scrubbing the
surface, applying anti-slip treatments and removing or reducing the tree cover will minimise
the risks.
Ponds - steep banks or slippery slopes, the water itself (drowning of children) and stagnant
water diseases. . a water feature or a fountain, the hazard itself e.g. slipping or falling into
the pond and the consequence of injury, electrocution or drowning
Underground cables - danger when excavating by hand or machine for construction or
planting or cables fouling machines.; Ensuring the line and depth of both new and existing
cable is clearly and accurately marked on plans, specify realignment or deeper burial of
cables, designing around the cables i.e. avoid the need for excavations or deep planting
pits over or adjacent to the cables.
The slope is the hazard which can cause harm to pedestrians. The risk is that pedestrians
will slip down the slope and incur injury which could be grazes or broken bones etc. The
solution is to divide the area into horizontal layers incorporating retaining walls and access,
using winding paths with shallow gradients, the installation of handrails for steps and
steeper parts of sloping paths to increase safety and the use of non-slip surfaces on steps
and paths.
Term
11 of 15
State the hazards associated with Overhead Power Cables
Unsafe buildings - falling masonry, loose roof tiles and broken glass.
Overhead power cables - may be high voltage and low cables becoming entangled with
machinery, plants or long planks.
Old trees - falling rotten branches, the whole tree toppling over and general debris on the
ground.
Unsafe bridge over a watercourse - rotten or missing planks, slippery surface and broken
handrail.
Term
12 of 15
How to minimise the risks associated with wood for decking or walkways at the design stage.
The placing of plants with sharp thorns or irritant sap away from paths or areas used by
children, not using plants that are a hazard e.g. plants with irritant sap and placing
deciduous trees whose leaves could be hazardous in the autumn when they fall on paths
and seating areas in more appropriate locations within a garden.
• specifying the use of prepared and treated timber to avoid splinters,
• specifying correct construction methods to avoid slip and trip hazards e.g. no raised
edges and the grooved boards to be laid across the main direction of travel,
• avoiding the design of a wooden decking area underneath deciduous trees to avoid
slipping on leaves,
• specifying that the decking was non-slip.
A risk is the chance or probability/likelihood that a person will be harmed or experience an
adverse health effect if exposed to a hazard. A risk is normally categorised as high, medium
or low together with the outcome e.g. the high likelihood of someone slipping on a steep
grass slope and falling resulting in bruises or possible broken bones. A risk is an identified
specific danger which could arise from a hazard
A hazard is any source of potential danger, damage or adverse health effect to humans e.g.
an area of open water or a steep slope, plants with thorns. A hazard is something which is
identified as being potentially dangerous or which can cause harm to humans .
Term
13 of 15
State the hazards associated with ponds & water in the garden
Underground cables - danger when excavating by hand or machine for construction or
planting or cables fouling machines.; Ensuring the line and depth of both new and existing
cable is clearly and accurately marked on plans, specify realignment or deeper burial of
cables, designing around the cables i.e. avoid the need for excavations or deep planting
pits over or adjacent to the cables.
Ponds - steep banks or slippery slopes, the water itself (drowning of children) and stagnant
water diseases. . a water feature or a fountain, the hazard itself e.g. slipping or falling into
the pond and the consequence of injury, electrocution or drowning
Overhead power cables - may be high voltage and low cables becoming entangled with
machinery, plants or long planks.
Could become slippery due to a build-up of wet leaves or algae. The low growing branches
could also be a hazard to those using the decked area.
The use of anti-slip surfaces e.g. grooved boards, pressure washing or scrubbing the
surface, applying anti-slip treatments and removing or reducing the tree cover will minimise
the risks.
Term
14 of 15
Define Hazard
The placing of plants with sharp thorns or irritant sap away from paths or areas used by
children, not using plants that are a hazard e.g. plants with irritant sap and placing
deciduous trees whose leaves could be hazardous in the autumn when they fall on paths
and seating areas in more appropriate locations within a garden.
A risk is the chance or probability/likelihood that a person will be harmed or experience an
adverse health effect if exposed to a hazard. A risk is normally categorised as high, medium
or low together with the outcome e.g. the high likelihood of someone slipping on a steep
grass slope and falling resulting in bruises or possible broken bones. A risk is an identified
specific danger which could arise from a hazard
Euphorbia characias subsp. wulfenii
Digitalis purpurea
Laburnum x watererii 'Vossii"
sap if broken - damage to skin/eyes,
A hazard is any source of potential danger, damage or adverse health effect to humans e.g.
an area of open water or a steep slope, plants with thorns. A hazard is something which is
identified as being potentially dangerous or which can cause harm to humans .
Term
15 of 15
Define Risk
A hazard is any source of potential danger, damage or adverse health effect to humans e.g.
an area of open water or a steep slope, plants with thorns. A hazard is something which is
identified as being potentially dangerous or which can cause harm to humans .
A risk is the chance or probability/likelihood that a person will be harmed or experience an
adverse health effect if exposed to a hazard. A risk is normally categorised as high, medium
or low together with the outcome e.g. the high likelihood of someone slipping on a steep
grass slope and falling resulting in bruises or possible broken bones. A risk is an identified
specific danger which could arise from a hazard
Euphorbia characias subsp. wulfenii
Digitalis purpurea
Laburnum x watererii 'Vossii"
sap if broken - damage to skin/eyes,
• specifying the use of prepared and treated timber to avoid splinters,
• specifying correct construction methods to avoid slip and trip hazards e.g. no raised
edges and the grooved boards to be laid across the main direction of travel,
• avoiding the design of a wooden decking area underneath deciduous trees to avoid
slipping on leaves,
• specifying that the decking was non-slip.
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English (USA)